• Carbon letters
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

The process of oxidizing polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers converts them into an infusible and non-flammable state prior to carbonization. This represents one of the most important stages in determining the mechanical properties of the final carbon fibers, but the most commonly used methods, such as thermal treatment ($200^{\circ}C$ to $300^{\circ}C$), tend to waste a great deal of process time, money, and energy. There is therefore a need to develop more advanced oxidation methods for PAN precursor fibers. In this review, we assess the viability of electron beam, gamma-ray, ultra-violet, and plasma treatments with a view to advancing these areas of research and their industrial application.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.90-96
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• 1992

In the PAN-based ACF manufacturing system stabilization step was improved with chemical treatment (preoxidation) in order to yield higher carbon content and to avoid excessive fragmentation during carbonization and activation process. The optimal condition of preoxidation was at 18$0^{\circ}C$ for 4 minutes in sodium glyceroxide in glycerine (concentration of NaOH was 0.02 meq/g). To investigate low temperature stabilization effect, preoxidized PAN fiber heated 22$0^{\circ}C$ to 26$0^{\circ}C$ as a function of treatment time and oxidative gas atmosphere, and analysed by infrared spectrum and TGA. As a results of IR and TGA, it was clear that impregnated[preoxidative] PAN had 14% higher residual than untreated PAN at 100$0^{\circ}C$ and the optimal condition of stabilization was at 26$0^{\circ}C$ for 3.5 hours within $N_2$ atmosphere.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2014

It found that the maximum temperature of the arc discharge occurred on the Silicone rubber sample significantly decreased with increasing the reinforcing agent. It was confirmed that the current value decreased with increasing the aluminium trihydrate($Al(OH)_3$) and the current value increased with reducing the primary resistance over time. Regarding these results, may be it is because the degradation due to the electro-conductive carbonization was improved and the properties of dielectric breakdown was reduced by the flame retardant reinforcing agent. It found that the electro-conductive carbonized road has not happened by increasing the flame retardant reinforcing agent. Regarding to the arc discharge, this study show that the arc arising near the lower electrode of sample has disappeared.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2011

In this study, liquid with carbonized artemisia was developed for the first time that can be used as food additives and outside medicinal agents by burning artemisia species such as Artemisia dubia wall, Artemisia capillaris Thunb, Artemisia montana (Nakai) Pamp), Artemisia keiskeana Miq, Leonurus Japonicus Houtt. etc. In addition, edibility of recovered liquid with carbonized artemisia was verified by comparing the contents according to each ingredient with common refined pyroligneous liquid through the analysis of 9 kinds of organic acid by the species of artemisia, methanol and ethanol. Besides, the result of antimicrobial activities on six kinds of food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria observed by paper disc method for liquid with carbonized artemisia indicated that those two liquids showed strong antimicrobial. At the concentration of 1.5 mg/disc, clear zone for S. sonnei and S. aureus, L. monocytogenes was 13~16 mm, and they showed stronger antimicrobial activities than other strain.

• 에너지공학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2004

The activated carbon was produced from Sancheong bamboo by steam and carbon dioxide gas activation methods. The carbonization of raw material was conducted at 90$0^{\circ}C$ and gas activation reactions were conducted with respect to various conditions. -activation temperature 750-90$0^{\circ}C$, the flow rate of steam 0.5-2g-$H_2O$/g-char$.$hr, the flow rate of carbon dioxide 5-30$m\ell$-$CO_2$/g-char-min and activation time 1-5 hr. The prepared activated carbons were measured yield, the adsorption capacity of iodine and methylene blue, BET specific surface area and pore size distribution. The adsorption capacity of iodine (680.5-1526.1 mg/g) and methylene blue (18.3-221.5 mg/g) increased with creasing activation temperature and activation time. The adsorption capacity of iodine and methylene blue increased with the activation gas quantity in the range of 0.5-1.5g-$H_2O$/g-charㆍhr, 5-18.9$m\ell$-Co$_2$/g-charㆍmin. But those decreased over those range due to the pore shrinkage. The steam activation method was superior in efficiency to carbon dioxide activation method.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2020

ACF preparation from different materials has been attached with great attention during these years. This study was conducted to prepare activated carbon fiber (ACF) from luffa through the processes i.e pre-treatment, pre-oxidation and carbonization activation. Besides, this study also characterizes the ACF and its effect, i.e effect of pre-oxidation time and temperature also activation time and temperature on the compressive strength of ACF were investigated. The results from SEM, BET, FTIR and XRD show that the ACF is very efficient. The products under the optimum conditions had a specific surface area of 478.441 m2 /g with an average pore diameter of 3.783nm, and a pore volume of 0.193 cm3 /g. The surface of the luffa fiber is degummed and exposed, which is beneficial to the subsequent process and the increase of product properties. The compressive strength of HP-ACF was prepared under the optimum conditions, which can reach 0.2461 MPa. ACF is rich in micro-pores and has a good application prospect in the field of environmental protection.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1175-1186
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• 2020

본 논문은 전력발전용 가스터빈에 사용하는 내구성이 개선된 Exhaust Gas Temperature(EGT)센서에 관한 연구이다. 가스 터빈에 적용된 EGT 센서는 고온으로 인하여 EGT 센서의 커넥터가 손상되는 문제가 있고 회전 날개의 회전으로 인해 발생하는 심각한 진동 조건에서 센서의 물리적으로 약한 부분이 진동으로 인하여 손상이 야기되기도 한다. 이러한 문제들은 잦은 센서 교체를 유발하고, 발전 효율을 감소시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 분석하고 개선방법을 제시하였고, 제안된 EGT 센서의 성능을 평가하기 위해서, 고온과 진동조건을 동시에 시험할 수 있는 복합 환경 테스트 장비를 개발하였다. EGT센서의 정확도와 응답시간을 평가하고 열과 진동의 복합환경 시험 장비로 비교시험한 결과 기존 센서는 탄화문제가 발생하였지만, 제안된 센서는 이러한 문제가 해결된 것을 확인하였다.

• 분석과학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2015

하이드로촤는 음식물폐기물과 같이 수분을 함유하고 있는 바이오매스의의 열수가압탄화반응을 통해 얻어질 수 있다. 열수가압탄화반응의 고체 생성물인 하이드로촤는 다양한 오염물질의 흡착제로서 훌륭한 잠재가능성을 가지고 있다. 흡착제의 표면적과 기공의 부피는 흡착능을 결정하는 매우 중요한 요소 중 하나로 알려져 있다. 이를 측정하기 위해서 고가의 장비 구비 및 숙련된 전문가를 필요로 하며 장비를 갖추지 못한 경우 샘플 측정료 등의 부담이 따르기 때문에 어느 곳에서나 사용하기가 힘들다. 본 연구에서는 요오드와 메틸렌블루 흡착을 통한 적정법을 이용하여 표면적 및 기공 부피를 측정하였으며 BET 분석 결과와 관련성을 평가하였다. 적정법을 통하여 계산된 표면적 및 기공 부피와 실제 수치는 정확하게 일치하지는 않지만 그 경향은 유사하다. 그 결과로 흡착제로서의 활용을 위한 하이드로촤의 최적 조건은 반응온도 $230^{\circ}C$, 반응시간 4 시간으로 결정하였다. 표면적 및 기공 부피의 계산은 아이오딘과 메틸렌블루의 흡착값의 조합을 이용하여 가능하고, 이 적정법을 이용하는 표면적 측정방법은 간단하고 빠르게 최적조건을 결정할 수 있다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.302-314
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• 2015

There is an adsorption method using activated carbon as a typical method for removing elemental mercury. Physical characteristics of activated carbon such as specific surface area and volume of pore (micro and meso) have positive effect for mercury adsorption. Activated carbon is carbon-based material with a high specific surface area. This activated carbon can be manufactured through carbonization and activation process. In this process, physical characteristics of specific surface area and pore distribution are changed by controlling operating parameters like temperature, time and reagent of activation. In this study, we evaluated characteristics of activated carbons manufactured from pinewood and coal with the operating parameters. We evaluated mercury adsorption capacities of the activated carbons having excellent physical characteristics and compared those to the commercial activated carbon.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1091-1098
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• 2007

Activated carbon was prepared from waste citrus peels by chemical activation with $ZnCl_2$. The optimal condition of carbonization was at $300^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hr. Activation experiments with carbonized samples prepared at optimal carboniztion condition were carried out under various conditions such as activation temperature of 400 to $900^{\circ}C$, activation time of 0.5 to 2.0 hr, and $ZnCl_2$ ratio of 100 to 300%. In order to investigate the physical properties of the activated carbons prepared, iodine adsorptivities and specific surface areas were measured and their morphologies were observed from scanning electron microscopy. As $ZnCl_2$ ratio increased, activation yield decreased, while iodine adsorptivity and specific surface area increased. The optimal condition of activation was at 300% $ZnCl_2$ ratio and $300^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hr, and then iodine adsorptivity and specific surface area was measured as about 862 mg/g and $756m^2/g$, respectively. SEM photography showed that the surface morphology was changed and many active pore were produced by chemical activation.