• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2012

As an alternative strategy in the era of high level petroleum cost, the study focused to suggest the way on the revitalization of renewable energy through the impact on introduction effect of renewable energy in green village. Total feasible solar energy production is 6.73 GWh/yr along with the biomass energy producing electric power energy is 134.06 GWh/yr, the two category's total electric power energy is 233.19 GWh/yr, which is possible to achieve the selfsufficiency of energy by 33% for total energy consumption of 705.80 GWh/yr in the region. The calculated feasibility on the carbon dioxide reduction, carbon dioxide reduction level is 1,891 ton_$CO_2$ by agricultural byproducts, 43,635 ton_$CO_2$ by livestock waste, 395 ton_$CO_2$ by municipal waste, 50,324 ton_$CO_2$ by forest byproducts, the total biomass shows 96,245 ton_$CO_2$, while the carbon dioxide reduction of solar light energy is 2,251 ton_$CO_2$, 1,383.3 ton_$CO_2$ by solar heat energy, the total solar energy shows 3,634 ton_$CO_2$. So total carbon dioxide reduction effect shows 99,879 ton_$CO_2$.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.50-55
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• 2008

Recently, sea algae cultivation as carbon sink and carbon dioxide fixation have been considered. Also, various researches on bioenergy derived from sea algae and the utilization of fibers, saccharide, and lipid of sea algae have been performing. Till now, algae fibers has been used for manufacturing of paper and reinforcing of polymer composites and the extracts of sea algae are used for cosmetics, pharmaceutical materials and food such as agar. Especially, algae fiber has so similar properties to cellulose in terms of crystallinity and functional groups that it can be utilized as reinforcements of biocomposites. Biocomposites as alternatives of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites are environmentally friendly polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers and are actively applying to the automobiles and construction industries. In this paper, characteristics of algae fiber and biocomposites reinforced with algae fiber as environmentally friendly energy materials have been introduced.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.427-440
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• 2023

The current study evaluated carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from beef and pork production and distribution chains in the South Korean meat industry. Data from industrial example farms and slaughterhouses were assessed on the basis of both the guidelines from the United Kingdom's Publicly Available Specification (PAS) 2050:2011 and the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute carbon footprint calculation. The main factors for our estimations were animal feeds, manure waste, transportation, energy and water, refrigerants, and package data. Our analyses show that 16.55 kg CO₂ equivalent (eq) was emitted during the production of 1 kg of live cattle. When retail yields and packing processes were considered, the CO₂-eq of 1 kg of packaged Hanwoo beef was 27.86 kg. As for pigs, emissions from 1 kg of live pigs and packaged pork meat were 2.62 and 12.75 kg CO₂-eq, respectively. While we gathered data from only two farms and slaughterhouses and our findings can therefore not be extrapolated to all meats produced in the South Korean meat industry, they indicate that manure waste is the greatest factor affecting ultimate CO₂ emissions of packaged meats.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.381-387
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• 2018

Our study focuses on upgrading real biogas obtained under Indian scenario using carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology to remove carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and utilize it by forming metal carbonate. Amines such as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used to rapidly convert gaseous $CO_2$ to aqueous $CO_2$, and $BaCl_2$ was used as an additive to react with the aqueous $CO_2$ and rapidly precipitating the aqueous $CO_2$. All experiments were conducted at $25^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. We analyzed the characteristics of the $BaCO_3$ precipitates using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy - Energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses. The precipitates exhibited witherite morphology confirmed by the XRD results, and FT-IR confirmed that the metal salt formed was $BaCO_3$, and EDS showed that there were no traces of impurities present in it. The quantity of the $BaCO_3$ was larger when formed with DEA. Also, a comparison was done with a previous study of ours conducted in Korean conditions. Finally, we observed that the carbonate obtained using real biogas showed similar properties to carbonates available in the market. An economic analysis was done to show the cost effectiveness of the method employed by us.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2023

This study wa s conducted a s pa rt of ma ximizing the use of ca rbon dioxide by a pplying CCU(Ca rbon Ca pture, Utiliza tion) a mong technologies for reducing CO₂ in the cement industry. In a carbon dioxide curing environment, changes in carbonation depth and changes in basic physical properties by age due to the mixing of carbonation reaction accelerators were usually targeted at Portland cement paste. In addition, in order to check the fixed amount of CO₂ in the concrete field, a thermal analysis method was applied to evaluate CaCO₃ decarbonization at high temperatures. As a result of the evaluation, it was confirmed that the carbonation depth in the cured body significantly increased due to the incorporation of CRA in the carbonation depth diffusion performance. In addition, it was confirmed that the weight reduction rate increased by 23.8 % and 40.77 %, respectively, compared to Plain, in the order of curing conditions for constant temperature and humidity and curing conditions for carbonation chambers, so it was confirmed that the amount of excellent CaCO₃ produced by the addition of CRA increased as the concentration of CO₂ increased.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2007

Birnessite-type manganese dioxide($MnO_2$) was coated uniformly onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through a spontaneous direct redox reaction between CNTs and permanganate ions($MnO_4\;^-$). The initial specific capacitance of the $MnO_2/CNT$ nanocomposite in an organic electrolyte at a large current density of 1 A/g was 250 F/g, which is equivalent to 139 mAh/g based on the total weight of the electrode material including the electroactive material, conducting agent and binder. The specific capacitance of the $MnO_2$ in the $MnO_2/CNT$ nanocomposite was as high as 580 F/g (320 mAh/g), indicating excellent electrochemical utilization of the $MnO_2$. The addition of CNTs as a conducting agent can improve the high rate capability of $MnO_2/CNT$ nanocomposite considerably. An analysis of the in-situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) showed an improvement in the structural and electrochemical reversibility of the $MnO_2/CNT$ nanocomposite by heat-treatment.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.30-31
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• 2013

Land use and land cover change (LULCC) due to human activities directly affects natural systems and contributes to changes in carbon exchange and climate through a range of feedbacks. How land use and land cover changes affect carbon exchanges can be assessed using multiyear measurement data from micrometeorological flux towers. The objective of the research is to assess the impact of land use and land cover change on carbon exchange in a heterogeneous cropland area. The heterogeneous cropland area in Haenam, South Korea is also subjected to a land conversion due to rural development. Therefore, the impact of the change in land utilization in this area on carbon exchange should be assessed to monitor the cycle of energy, water, and carbon dioxide between this key agricultural ecosystem and the atmosphere. We are currently conducting the research based on 10 years flux measurement data from Haenam Koflux site and examining the LULCC patterns in the same temporal scale to evaluate whether the LULCC in the surrounding site and the resulting heterogeneity (or diversity) have a significant impact on carbon exchange. Haenam cropland is located near the southwestern coast of the Korean Peninsula with land cover types consisting of scattered rice paddies and various croplands (seasonally cultivated crops). The LULCC will be identified and quantified using remote sensing satellite data and then analyzing the relationships between LULCC and flux footprint of $CO_2$ from tower flux measurement. We plan to calculate annual flux footprint climatology map from 2003 to 2012 from the 10 years flux observation database. Eventually, these results will be used to quantify how the system's effective performance and reserve capacity contribute to moving the system towards more sustainable configuration. Broader significance of this research is to understand the co-evolution of the Haenam agricultural ecosystem and its societal counterpart which are assumed to be self-organizing hierarchical open systems.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2020

Prior to utilization of energy and power generation, the biogas from anaerobic digestion of sewage treatment plant(46,000㎡/d) should be purified particularly hydrogen sulfide among the various kinds of impurities. This study has focused on the methane decreasing rate and the removal of both hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. In the case of partial circulation, 59.7% of methane gas was decreased to 57.4% in spite of oxidation process with micro-bubble. Carbon dioxide was removed from 38% to 32% and 76.1% of hydrogen sulfide was removed where 1,400ppm was introduced to the DIWS system, which indicated that DIWS system can be of use for the hydrogen sulfide removal of biogas from sewage treatment plant.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the most promising method of treating and recycling of different organic wastes, such as OFMSW, household wastes, animal manure, agro-industrial wastes, industrial organic wastes and sewage sludge. During AD, i.e. degradation in the absence of oxygen, organic material is decomposed by anaerobes forming degestates such as an excellent fertilizer and biogas, a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane. AD has been one of the leading technologies that can make a large contribution to producing renewable energy and to reducing $CO_2$ and other GHG emission, it is becoming a key method for both waste treatment and recovery of a renewable fuel and other valuable co-products. A classification of the basic AD technologies for the production of biogas can be made according to the dry matter of biowaste and digestion temperature, which divide the AD process in wet and dry, mesophilic and thermophilic. The biogas produced from AD plant can be utilized as an alternative energy source, for lighting and cooking in case of small-scale, for CHP and vehicle fuel or fuel in industrials in case of large-scale. This paper provides an overview of the status of biogas production and utilization technologies.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.202-205
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• 2008

Anaerobic digestion(AD) is the most promising method of treating and recycling of different organic wastes, such as OFMSW, household wastes, animal manure, agro-industrial wastes, industrial organic wastes and sewage sludge. During AD, i.e. degradation in the absence of oxygen, organic material is decomposed by anaerobes forming degestates such as an excellent fertilizer and biogas, a mixture of carbon dioxide and methane. AD has been one of the leading technologies that can make a large contribution to producing renewable energy and to reducing $CO_2$ and other GHG emission, it is becoming a key method for both waste treatment and recovery of a renewable fuel and other valuable co-products. A classification of the basic AD technologies for the production of biogas can be made according to the dry matter of biowaste and digestion temperature, which divide the AD process in wet and dry, mesophilic and thermophilic. The biogas produced from AD plant can be utilized as an alternative energy source, for lighting and cooking in case of small-scale, for CHP and vehicle fuel or fuel in industrials in case of large-scale. This paper provides an overview of the status of biogas production and utilization technologies.