• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 1980

Three seasme cultivars were compared in viewpoints of ripening developments and yielding potentials per plant after the flowering date. On this study, timely ripening and yielding developments were checked separately with capsules and seeds which outcome from the flowers labelled at 30th of July, the maximum flowering stage. Mostly, size and dry weight developments were estimated and the results obtained are as follows; 1. "Early Russian" was recognized as an ideal cultivar with large sized capsule and high lipid contents. However, under the enough ripening periods and ripening conditions (temperature, lights, and nutrients, etc.), the cultivar has weakness on the capsule developments which is competed with seed developments as mean of sink concern. 2. "Suwon 5" was a high yielding cultivar under the proper ripening weather (F. ex. southern districts), but under the unfavorable ripening conditions the cultivar may have weakness of rapid yield decrease by comparatively later formation of seed weight than the capsule. Especially the cultivar has the very ripening characteristics adapting to southern districts which have higher temperature and later low limiting stage for sesame ripening. 3. "Black colored native" seasme cultivar showed lower yielding and later ripening characteristics among others. Also, under the unfavorable ripening conditions, the cultivar has the weakness of yield decrease. Even under the favorable conditions, the cultivar will still have the weakness which is not able to increase in yield, because the capsule development would be finished in size and dry weight too early to accept the later developments of seeds.e later developments of seeds.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 1996

The development of fish feed is essential to aquaculture. Recently, yeast, dhlorella and plankton have been studied and development as the feed of the fry fishes, But, these biological feeds cause the nutritional unbalance to fry fishes, rotifer or artemia. Therefore, to solve these problems, microcapsules with micron sizes were prepared for enhancing the nutritional values of artemia and rotifer which are used as the feed of fry fishes. Microparticle oil capsules were prepared by the complex coacervation technique. The method to make the optimal size of microcapsule which the artemia and rotifer can be easily taken was wvaluated. The size of oil microcapsule in the range of 5-70$\mu$m was obtained by the agitation conditions during coacervation. Capsule size and size distribution were dependent on the agitation speed and agitation time, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5581-5585
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• 2012

Objective: To explore the relationship between computed tomography (CT) manifestations of thymoma and its WHO pathological classification. Methods: One hundred and five histopathologically confirmed cases were collected for their pathological and CT characteristics and results were statistically compared between different pathological types of thymoma. Results: Tumor size, shape, necrosis or cystic change, capsule integrity, invasion to the adjacent tissue, lymphadenopathy, and the presence of pleural effusion were significantly different between different pathological types of thymomas (P<0.05). Type B2, B3 tumors and thymic carcinomas were greater in size than other types. More than 50% of type B3 tumors and thymic carcinomas had a tumor size greater than 10 cm. The shape of types A, AB, and B1 tumors were mostly round or oval, whereas 75% of type B3 tumors and 85% of thymic carcinomas were irregular in shape. Necrosis or cystic change occurred in 67% of type B3 thymomas and 57% of thymic carcinomas, respectively. The respective figures for capsule destruction were 83% and 100%. Increases in the degree of malignancy were associated with increases in the incidence of surrounding tissue invasion: 33%, 75%, and 81% in type B2, type B3, and thymic carcinomas, respectively. Pleural effusion occurred in 48% of thymic carcinomas, while calcification was observed mostly in type B thymomas. Conclusions: Different pathological types of thymic epithelial tumors have different CT manifestations. Distinctive CT features of thymomas may reflect their pathological types.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.281-285
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• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the gross anatomical features and microscopical structures of the hemal nodes and the hemolymph nodes in the sheep. The hemal nodes and hemolymph nodes were observed mainly in periphery of the thoracic and abdominal aortae of the animals. The size of hemal nodes was generally smaller than that of the hemolymph nodes, and the shape of the both organs was spherical or ovoid. The color of the hemal nodes was red, while that of the hemolymph nodes was grary with red bands. The hemal nodes were surrounded by a relatively thick connective tissue capsule and there were extensive subcapsular sinuses distended by a great number of erythrocytes. Although a few number of lymphatic nodules and small areas of diffuse lymphatic tissues were observed in the parenchyma, no typical cortex and medulla were defined in the hemal node. Small numbers of blood vessels were found at the connective tissue capsule but lymph vessel was not observed microscopically in this organ. The hemolymph nodes were covered by a relatively thick connective tissue capsule and there was a hilus in each node. The parenchyma was divided into cortex and medulla. The cortex was composed of a few numbers of lymphatic nodules and some diffuse lymphatic tissues. The medulla comprised medullary sinuses and cords. Afferent and efferent lymph vessels were observed at the periphery of the capsule adn the hilus, respectively. The subcapsular and medullary sinuses were not extensive but filled with small numbers of erythrocytes. The stroma of hemal node and hemolymph node was composed of reticular cells and fibers, and the capsule and trabecula consisted of collagenous fibers with smooth muscle fibers.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2003

Field application of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpncapsae, is limited by its susceptibility to UV irradiation and desiccation especially at leaf spray control. This study was conducted to develop the control technique using alginate biocapsulation of the nematodes against the beet armyworm, Spodoprera exigua and the tobacco cutworm, Sp. litura that are normally infesting hosts above ground level. The alginate capsules including infective juveniles gave significant feeding toxicities to the larvae of the two lepidopteran species. The lethality followed a typical sigmoid dose-mortality pattern with increase of the nematode densities embedded in the capsules. Moisture content in the capsule was critical to the survival of the infective juveniles. More than 80% nematodes could survive above 10% moisture content remained in the capsule. Remaining moisture content within the capsule was dependent on relative humidity, ambient temperature, and capsule size, but not on citric acid reaction time during capsule formation. More than 80% of infective juveniles in the alginate capsules could survive in distilled water at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 60 days. When these nematode capsules containing welsh onion extract as another phagostimulant were applied on the 3rd instar larvae of Sp. exigua infesting peanut plants, they resulted in about 90% control efficacy. These results indicate that the alginate capsulation can be used for leaf-spray agent of the entomopathogenic nematodes as well as for improved storage purpose.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.608-611
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• 2000

To separate chitosanoligosaccharides easily by size exclusion, an coencapsulating technology of substrate and enzyme was developed. Chitosan and chitosanase were enveloped in this membrane and the product released to medium by size exclusion. The lower limit of the alginate concentration and the agitation speed were 0.5% and 40 rpm, respectively. Membrane thickness and capsules diameter were $10{\mu}m$ and approx. 3.0mm, 1.5mm, respectively. The molecular weight difference by concentration and cps of alginate were of little significance. And also, the molecular weight of distribution according to enzyme concentration was low concentration of enzyme produced high molecular weight of oligosaccharides. At 1.5mm size of capsule, product diffusion rate to outer part was higher than other capsules. The molecular weight distribution of the released oligosaccharides ranged from 1000 to 6000 Da.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 1982

Sulfisoxazole, a chemotherapeutic agent, was microencapsulated with ethylcellulose by means of phase separation form cyclohexane by temperatture change. The size distribution was determined by use of standard sieves and the effect of core to wall ratio was noted. To examine their shapes and usrface characteristics, the microcapsules were observed with a scanning electron microscope. Release of the drug from microcapsules into pH 7.5 buffer medium was studied. The release pattern was found to have similar properties to the release of a drug from an insoluble porous matrix reported. The apparent diffusion coefficient of sulfisoxazole was measured for the transport of the drug from the core of microcapsules into the surronding sink condition. The apparent diffusion coefficient increased with increasing capsule size.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2002

This study was performed to obtain the information on fruit set, propagation and flowering habits of the exotic ornamental bottle brush tree (Callistemon citrinus). Trees have fruit capsules for four years since the fruit set and they have enlarged for three years. While 2 and 3-year-old capsules have similar seeds in number and size, 1-year-old ones have fewer and smaller seeds. Most dried capsules open when they have 75％ relative water contents. Two year old seeds which they were dried at 30％ germinated better than others. Removal of capsule bearing twigs resulted in greatly increased subsequent flower numbers (an average of 14 flowers per tree) compared with twigs where seed capsule were allowed to remain. In cutting for propagation, semi-hard wood branches dipped in 100mgι$^{-1}$ IBA for 24 hours rooted at 86.4 ％ and had an average of 12.6 primary roots.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.230.2-230.2
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• 2003

Erdosteine, an expectorant, has been known to show a very poor flowability. Furthermore, high dosing amount (300mg/cap) and bulk density make it more difficult to fill in a capsule less than No. 0 size as bulk state. We have studied the possibility of dry granulation process in purpose of getting a better flowability and manufacturing efficiency. A roller compactor was introduced for this purpose and the applicability of laboratory result into commercial scale instrument was also experimented.Roller compacting process was very favorable to obtain the granules with good flowability and improved density profiles. (omitted)

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2014

The wireless capsule endoscopy played an important role as the evolutionary medical device to solving the difficulties such as diagnosing the intestine diseases. Due to the limited size and functions, it has some drawbacks. The most obstacle thing is the disability of self-motion, it means that it cannot provide the speed problem. Hence, the characteristics of human digestion system is briefly introduced, especially the intestine, to get the information of endoscopy dynamics. Next, in order to make an abstraction of the condition, a new dynamic friction model called LuGre model is introduced and clearly analysed to get the characteristics and the usage of the model. By the consideration of parameters that are tightly related with the real situation of the capsule endoscopy. The Matlab Simulink was applied to build the model and verified by the simulation to discover the features.