• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.175-183
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• 2023

This study examines differences in satisfaction, intention to revisit, and word-of-mouth recommendations among foreign tourists, based on their nationality and factors influencing their decision to visit Korea. The study utilizes the data collected from foreign tourists who visited Korea in 2021, including information on their country of origin, factors influencing their decision to visit, satisfaction levels, intention to revisit, and willingness to recommend Korea to others. While the survey data comprises a large sample of over 8,000 respondents, only 1,398 without missing values are used for analysis. According to the analysis results, there were significant differences in satisfaction, intention to revisit, and word-of-mouth recommendations among foreign tourists based on their nationality and factors influencing their decision to visit. Notably, leisure and sports activities and distance from their home country are significant factors in making a decision to visit Korea. Countries with relatively lower tourism decision mechanisms are Japan, Singapore, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Canada, Mongolia, and India. Based on these analysis results, this study presents strategic improvement measures to revitalize Korean tourism industry, particularly after the pandemic.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.33-45
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• 2023

The importance of play from a Children's Rights perspective has been continuously emphasized, and the need for play facilities and spaces has been reiterated. Meanwhile, in South Korea, despite the continuous increase in the number of play facilities, efforts to improve children's play spaces are required. Therefore, this study reevaluated the current regulations and policies concerning play and play spaces from the perspective of securing the right to play. An analysis of the legal concept of domestic playgrounds, related laws, construction standards, and regulations was conducted. The systems and characteristics of the related regulations in the UK, Canada, and Germany were analyzed. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, our directions for improving the system of playgrounds to ensure the children's right to play were proposed. First, a legal definition of the concept and scope of playgrounds should be established. Second, beyond safety-focused facility regulations, there is a need for institutional enhancements to ensure the right to play. Third, comprehensive management of playgrounds is required as a spatial concept rather than as individual facilities. Fourth, qualitative management is needed through specific guidelines and guidelines related to the establishment of playgrounds. These results can serve as a basis for establishing systems and promoting policy projects to ensure children's right to play in various fields, including urban planning, child welfare, and education in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2024

Pore water freezes in low-temperature compaction, which leads to different compaction characteristics compared to room temperature conditions. In regions like Alberta, Canada, where organic soils are prevalent, compaction performance is influenced by the high water retention and compressibility of organic soils, as well as their sensitivity to freezing and thawing. Alberta's strict environmental regulations demand the reuse of excavated soil for backfill, and the long winter season creates challenging conditions for civil engineering projects. In this study, a laboratory compaction test was conducted to evaluate the low-temperature compaction characteristics of organic soils with varying organic content. The results indicate that the optimum moisture content increases as the organic content increases, and the maximum dry unit weight decreases by up to 21.9%. In addition, under temperature conditions below -4℃, no optimum moisture content was observed, and the dry unit weight decreased as the moisture content increased.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.193-222
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• 2024

From a global trend, discussions on the patient's death with dignity are gradually progressing from the issue of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment to the issue of whether to allow assisted death and its requirements. Several states in the United States and Western European countries such as Canada, Belgium, and the Netherlands have institutionalized treatment to accelerate the time of death through the assistance of doctors. In France, after a long period of raising and reviewing issues, discussions on related legislation are taking place at a slower pace than in other European countries. In France, social discussions and legislative attempts on death with dignity have been actively conducted since the late 20th century. The Leonetti Act of 2005 prohibited the continuation of meaningless treatment against the will of patients, and after the Clay-Leonetti Act of 2016, it was legalized to administer intensive and continuous sedatives to patients until death. However, unlike many neighboring European countries, treatment that speeds up the time of death itself is still prohibited in France, even if the patient wants. As the existential and universal question of whether to allow dying patients to die painlessly with the help of a doctor has recently emerged as an important issue, a number of lawmakers have submitted legislation to legalize assisted death. This paper examines the legislative process developed in relation to patients' rights to dignified death in France, and compares and reviews French legislation that attempts to legalize assisted death with the amendment to the Korean Life-Sustaining Treatment Act.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.331-340
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• 2023

Predicting the survival time of a person in water (PIW) in maritime search and rescue (SAR) operations is an important concern. Although there have been many studies on survival models in marine-developed countries, it is difficult to apply them to Koreans in Korea's oceans because they were developed using marine distress data from the United Kingdom, United States, and Canada. Data on the survival time of a P IW were collected through interviews and surveys with a special rescue team from the Korea Coast Guard, SAR cases, press releases, and Korea Meteorological Administration data to address these issues. The maximum survival time (Korean) equation was developed by performing a regression analysis of this data, and the applicability to actual marine distress was reviewed and compared to the overseas survival model. By comprehensively using the maximum survival time (Korean), domestic SAR cases, and overseas survival models, guidelines for survival time and intensive and recommended search time were suggested. The study findings can contribute to decision-making, such as the input for search and rescue units. The findings can also help to determine the end of or reductions in SAR operations and explain policy decisions to the public and families of a PIW.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: There is limited data on the residual echocardiographic findings including strain analysis among post-coronavirus disease (COVID) patients. The aim of our study is to prospectively phenotype post-COVID patients. METHODS: All patients discharged following acute COVID infection were systematically followed in the post-COVID-19 Recovery Clinic at Vancouver General Hospital and St. Paul's Hospital. At 4-18 weeks post diagnosis, patients underwent comprehensive echocardiographic assessment. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was assessed by 3D, 2D Biplane Simpson's, or visual estimate. LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was measured using a vendor-independent 2D speckle-tracking software (TomTec). RESULTS: A total of 127 patients (53% female, mean age 58 years) were included in our analyses. At baseline, cardiac conditions were present in 58% of the patients (15% coronary artery disease, 4% heart failure, 44% hypertension, 10% atrial fibrillation) while the remainder were free of cardiac conditions. COVID-19 serious complications were present in 79% of the patients (76% pneumonia, 37% intensive care unit admission, 21% intubation, 1% myocarditis). Normal LVEF was seen in 96% of the cohort and 97% had normal right ventricular systolic function. A high proportion (53%) had abnormal LV GLS defined as < 18%. Average LV GLS of septal and inferior segments were lower compared to that of other segments. Among patients without pre-existing cardiac conditions, LVEF was abnormal in only 1.9%, but LV GLS was abnormal in 46% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Most post-COVID patients had normal LVEF at 4-18 weeks post diagnosis, but over half had abnormal LV GLS.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.78-88
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• 2024

Ship-radiated noise received by passive sonar that can measure underwater noise can be identified and classified ship using Detection of Envelope Modulation on Noise (DEMON) analysis. However, in a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) environment, it is difficult to analyze and identify the target frequency line containing ship information in the DEMONgram. In this paper, we conducted a study to extract target frequency lines using semantic segmentation among deep learning techniques for more accurate target identification in a low SNR environment. The semantic segmentation models U-Net, UNet++, and DeepLabv3+ were trained and evaluated using simulated DEMONgram data generated by changing SNR and fundamental frequency, and the DEMONgram prediction performance of DeepShip, a dataset of ship-radiated noise recordings on the strait of Georgia in Canada, was compared using the trained models. As a result of evaluating the trained model with the simulated DEMONgram, it was confirmed that U-Net had the highest performance and that it was possible to extract the target frequency line of the DEMONgram made by DeepShip to some extent.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.62-79
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• 2024

Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is a species that has devastated the United States and Canada. It is known to play a role in destroying the ecosystem. In this study, the domestic distribution of garlic mustard was confirmed and a detailed distribution map was created for the Samcheok region, where the largest population has been established in South Korea. This study investigated the growth environment, life cycle, and population dynamics of the species in the Samcheok region. Garlic mustard was found in a total of 301 locations in Samcheok, with a total distribution area of 2,957 square meters. Annual plants germinated in mid-April, overwintered in rosette form, underwent vegetative growth from April 10 to April 24 the following year, and flowered from April 24 to May 7. Individuals producing seeds began to die off from June. Both annual and biennial individuals showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing in number around April 27 (118 days). Garlic mustard grew well under favorable light conditions in early spring. They showed less growth on leaf litter, short distance from roads, lower altitude, deciduous broad-leaved forest of middle and lower parts of the slope and forest edge. Without proper control measures in the Samcheok region, it is likely to spread more rapidly in deciduous broad-leaved forests along hiking trails in the Galyasan Mountains. In particular, it is more likely to extend to oak community where light enters the site during flowering than to pine community where there is less light in the site.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.100-109
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• 2014

In stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), the accurate location of treatment sites should be guaranteed from the respiratory motions of patients. Lots of studies on this topic have been conducted. In this letter, a new verification method simulating the real respiratory motion of heterogenous treatment regions was proposed to investigate the accuracy of lung SBRT for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy. Based on the CT images of lung cancer patients, lung phantoms were fabricated to equip in $QUASAR^{TM}$ respiratory moving phantom using 3D printer. The phantom was bisected in order to measure 2D dose distributions by the insertion of EBT3 film. To ensure the dose calculation accuracy in heterogeneous condition, The homogeneous plastic phantom were also utilized. Two dose algorithms; Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA) and AcurosXB (AXB) were applied in plan dose calculation processes. In order to evaluate the accuracy of treatments under respiratory motion, we analyzed the gamma index between the plan dose and film dose measured under various moving conditions; static and moving target with or without gating. The CT number of GTV region was 78 HU for real patient and 92 HU for the homemade lung phantom. The gamma pass rates with 3%/3 mm criteria between the plan dose calculated by AAA algorithm and the film doses measured in heterogeneous lung phantom under gated and no gated beam delivery with respiratory motion were 88% and 78%. In static case, 95% of gamma pass rate was presented. In the all cases of homogeneous phantom, the gamma pass rates were more than 99%. Applied AcurosXB algorithm, for heterogeneous phantom, more than 98% and for homogeneous phantom, more than 99% of gamma pass rates were achieved. Since the respiratory amplitude was relatively small and the breath pattern had the longer exhale phase than inhale, the gamma pass rates in 3%/3 mm criteria didn't make any significant difference for various motion conditions. In this study, the new phantom model of 4D dose distribution verification using patient-specific lung phantoms moving in real breathing patterns was successfully implemented. It was also evaluated that the model provides the capability to verify dose distributions delivered in the more realistic condition and also the accuracy of dose calculation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

The data used in the study were taken from the national dairy genetic evaluation of bulls from 1986 up to 2001. It was conducted to compare the phenotypic performance and genetic merits in terms of production traits, linear traits and selection indexes of four types of dairy semen (TypeⅠ:semen from Korean proven bull, Type Ⅱ:semen from proven bull imported by National Agricultural Cooperative Federation(NACF), Type Ⅲ:semen imported from USA, Type Ⅳ:semen imported from Canada) used in Korea. The result of national dairy genetic evaluation was used to compare genetic merits. Type Ⅲ was superior in the phenotypic performance of milk yield, milk fat and milk protein and was significantly different from Type Ⅰ. Types of semen were not significantly different in fat when semen from bull born after 1991 were compared. Likewise, types of semen were not significantly different in the genetic merit for milk yield, milk fat, milk protein and milk protein %. Moreso, for profit index (MFP) and Korean type production index (KTPI) it was not statistically different. However type Ⅰ was superior in milk fat % and was significantly different from other types. Type Ⅳ was superior in Final Score of conformation test (FS) and Udder Composite Index (UDC) and significantly different from Type Ⅰ. When semen from bull born after 1991 were compared, types of semen were not significantly different in milk yield and milk protein, although type I was superior in milk fat, milk fat %, milk protein % and MFP and was significantly different from others. Moreover type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ was superior in UDC and were significantly different from others.