• 원예과학기술지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.252-264
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• 2017

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and the relatively high levels polyphenols is benefit for health. In this study, we developed an efficient system for proliferation of callus from 'Anji Baicha', a cultivar of tea (Camellia sinensis). Callus tissue was initially induced by culturing leaf explants on medium containing different plant growth regulators. For callus induction, thidiazuron (TDZ) was more effective than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), ${\alpha}-naphthalene$ acetic acid (NAA), and $N^6-benzyladenine$ (BA). The frequency of callus induction from leaf explants reached 90.21% on $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and the developed callus was reddish and friable. We also tested the effect of different concentrations of NAA, 2,4-D, indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), BA, and TDZ, alone and in combinations, on callus proliferation. Medium supplemented with TDZ in combination with IAA was suitable for callus proliferation and accumulation of tea polyphenols. The growth index value and tea polyphenol content of callus cultured on MS medium containing $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA was maximally 1,351% and 23.24%, respectively, and the relative abundance of epicatechin was as high as 17.449%. We also measured the antioxidant activity of all samples and the callus with the highest tea polyphenol content also exhibited high potential radical scavenging activity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.171-175
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• 1994

The effects of medium, hormones, and PFP on the proliferation of red callus in leaf tissue cultures of Garden orach(Atriplex hortensis L.) was investigated. As a result,88% of leaf tissues formed eallus on MS nledium containing 2mg/$\ell$ 2,4-D. Fresh weight of callus was higher on MS medium than on Bsand NN media. It was also found that 2, 4-D was more effective than Dicamba and Picloram. The op-timum concentrations of hormones for callus proliferation depended on culture media. Isolated red cal-lus grew markedly both on MS medium supplemented with 1-2mg/$\ell$ 2, 4-D and Bs medium contain-ing 2-4111g/$\ell$ 2,4D. Callus proliferated on B5 and NN media containing Dicabma Img/$\ell$ as well as onthe same media containing 2mg/$\ell$ Picioram. The addition of PFP concentrations of 2, 5, and 40mg/ $\ell$rcspectiely to culture medium caused increase of callus fresh weight, especially under light condition.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.447-451
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• 2000

나리‘Gelria’의 인편에서 캘러스를 유도, 증식시키고, 증식된 캘러스에서 식물체를 재분화하여 캘러스를 통한 재분화 기술체계를 확립하고자 실험한 결과, 인편에서 캘러스의 유도는 생장조절제가 전혀 첨가되지 않은 배지에서도 유도되었고, kinetin 0.5 ∼ l.0 mg/L와 NAA 0.1 ∼ l.0 mg/L가 첨가된 배지에서는 유연성이 높은 캘러스가 100%유도되었다. 생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 배지에서도 캘러스의 증식이 양호하였으며, 생장조절제가 첨가된 배지에서는 증식률이 높아 캘러스가 왕성하게 증식되었다. 또한 캘러스로부터 신초가 발생하여 캘러스의 증식과 신초의 재분화가 동시에 발생하였다. 캘러스는 암배양보다는 명배양에서, 액체배양보다는 고체배양에서 더 잘 증식하였다. 생장조절제가 첨가된 배지에서는 캘러스가 왕성하게 증식하였고 신초의 재생은 생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 배지에서 높았고, 다음으로 1.0mg.L의 BA와 NAA가 첨가된 배지에서 높았다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1999

본 연구는 글라디올러스 Topaz'를 재료로 액체진탕배양에 의한 캘러스의 증식효율을 향상시키기 위하여 수행되었다. 캘러스는 2,4-D 10mg/L가 첨가된 MS고체배지에 목자 외식체를 배양하여 유도하였다. 액체진탕배양에 의한 캘러스의 증식은 2,4-D 0.05 mg/L가 첨가된 MS배지를 사용하여 2$0^{\circ}C$, 16시간 일장하에서 배지를 100 mL 삼각플라스크에 20 mL 분주하고, 수평회전식 진탕배양기의 회전속도를 75 rpm으로 하였을 때 증식속도가 가장 빨랐다. 또한 동일 배지에서 캘러스의 계대배양 역시 가능하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2004

Callus induction and somatic embryogenesis are fundamental to cotton tissue culture biotechnology. An efficient protocol for callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and their maturation have been developed to regenerate plantlets from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety coker 312. Embryogenic callus was initiated from hypo-cotyl region that was used as an explant at seedling stage when it was about 7-8 days old. Callus induction was achieved through culturing hypocotyls (5-7mm) on $MS_{1a} medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.1 mg/L) and KT (0.5 mg/L) for six weeks. A friable, colorless, bulky and well proliferating callus becomes greenish with the addition of NAA (2.0 mg/L), ZT (0.1 mg/L) and removal of 2,4-D (M $S_{1b}$) cultured for two weeks then again transferred to $MS_{1a}. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) promoted the proliferation of embryogenic callus, but had a negative effect on the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos. ZT (0.1mg/L) and activated charcoal (2g/L), both hormones play an important role in differentiation and germination of somatic embryos in hypocotyls derived embryogenic callus but in case of cotton, such a capability have been observed on MS medium with 1.92 g/L $KNO_3$, but it is considered to attain somewhat more improvement. High embryogenesis frequency was achieved through nutrient deficient stress treatment. The frequency of globular embryogenesis (two-three folds) was achieved when well proliferating callus was (from $MS_{1a}$ media) cultured on MS (1/5 strength) medium for four weeks. Here the development of anthocyanins is the best indicator for somatic embryogenesis. However, when embryoid callus was cultured on MS (full strength) medium, the globular embryos were developed into normal plantlets immediately. In this procedure 27.49% cotyledenary embryos were developed. Of that 70% cotyledenary embryos were developed not only into normal plantlets but rooted simultaneously, when cultured on MS (with 0.05 mgg/L giberrelic acid) medium. So complete plants could be regenerated through somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl explants within 6 months.s.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to optimize the condition for induction and proliferation of callus from Rhus chinensis Mill. and investigate the skin-brightening effect of Rhus chinensis callus (RCC). It was confirmed that the most proper plant growth regulator (PGR) for callus induction is 1.0 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The most optimal condition of PGR, medium and additives for callus proliferation were 2,4-D (1.0 mg/L), MS medium and citric acid, respectively. Inhibitory activities of tyrosinase were higher at 50 and 100 ㎍/mL of RCC extracts (41.86 and 75.56%, respectively) than arbutin (27.32%). As the results of measuring melanin inhibition in B16F1 melanocyte and B16F10 melanoma cell, RCC extracts increased its inhibitory activities concentration-dependently, and were found to have higher whitening effect than arbutin at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. Therefore, it is suggested that RCC can be used as an effective material for skin-brightening cosmetics.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2010

Leaf explants of the Solanum hainanense plant, grown in vitro, were cultured in basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for callus initiation. For maintenance and proliferation, the callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D. The glycoalkaloid content in the callus was at its maximum after ten weeks of culture (188.65 mg/g), whereas that of the one-year-old control was 22.22 mg/g in the root and 5.99 mg/g in the stem. The glycoalkaloid extracted from the callus inhibited the activity of collagenase on collagen gel. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that biotransformation occurred when a callus was grown on medium supplemented with various carbon sources. These results suggest that callus of S. hainanense is a good material for production of glycoalkaloid.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2006

L. longifilorum Georgia $\times$ L. elegans Kakutanohikari 잡종 배로부터 유식물체를 분화시키고, 이때 유도된 캘러스의 증식과 이 캘러스로부터 유식물체 분화과정을 조직학적으로 관찰하였다. 잡종 배는 배양한 60개 절편 중 48개 절편에서 86개체의 배주가 발아되었으며, 1 mg/L NAA가 캘러스로부터 식물체의 재분화에 가장 효과적이었으며, 재분화를 억제한 캘러스만을 증식시키기 위해서는 0.1 mg/L NAA + 1 mg/L BA가 가장 양호하였다. 또한 Pyridoxin-HCI을 첨가하지 않은 경우에는 유식물체의 재분화가 거의 보이지 않았으며 50 mg/L의 Pyridoxin-HCI을 첨가한 배지에서 유식물체의 재분화가 가장 효과적이었다. 배에서 발생된 캘러스의 원형성층 지역으로부터 체세포배가 형성되었으며, NAA가 전형성층 부분에서 배발생적 세포 또는 전배 발생의 증식을 자극하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2003

In order to establish micropropagation system Anthurium andreanum 'Atlanta', dwarf type, shoots of A. andreanum were cultured on medium supplemented with cytokinin. Callus was formed from the base of shoots. high frequency callus induction was obtained on medium with 10.0mg/L BA or 10.0mg/L TDZ(thidiazuron) at more than 71.8%. The shoots were cultured on media with various combinations and concentrations of TDZ, BA and 2.4-D to enhance callus induction. Callus was induced at more than 72.6% and grew vigorously on media containing 10.0mg/L BA and 0.0∼0.5mg/L 2.4-D, or 1.0mg/L TDZ. Stimulation effects of cytokinin by 2.4-D did not occur in combined treatments of cytokinin and 2.4-D. Callus was cut into sections(7${\times}$10mm), and then cultured on media with BA alone or BA and 2.4-D to regenerate shoots and to stimulate the callus growth. Shoot regeneration and callus growth were effective on media with 10.0mg/L BA alone, or 10.0mg/L BA and 0.1mg/L 2.4-D. In combined treatments of BA and 2.4-D, stmulation effects of cytocinin by 2.4-D also did not occur. Callus growth was decreased, accordiong to increasing the concentration of 2.4-D. In cimbined treatments of TDZ and 2.4-D in shoot regeneration and callus proliferation, stimulated effects of cytokinin by 2.4-D did not occur entirely. Media with 0.5∼1.0mg/L TDZ ingibited the regeneration and rooting of shoots, and callus growth from callus sections. Addition of 2.4-D on medium with TDZ ingibited the regeneration and rooting of shoots, and callus growth. Rooted plantdts were acclimatized in greenhouse. The plantlets were survived more than 98% in soil of vermiculite alone or mixed perlite 1 and vermiculite 1.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2017

Background: Callus cultivation has the advantage of producing a large amount of tissue of a plant in a laboratory regardless of the environment, for extracting an active substance. In the present study, callus formation was induced in the leaves of the succulent plant Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem & Schult. After callus cultivation, anti-inflammatory activity tests were conducted, because leaves and stems of A. obesum have been reported to possess biological activity. Methods and Results: In order to induce callus formation, various concentrations of plant growth factors, such as kinetin, naphtha-leneacetic acid (NAA), 6-benzyladenine (BA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were added to MS solid medium. The maximum callus proliferation was induced by mixed medium consisting of NAA ($2mg/{\ell}$) and BA ($1mg/{\ell}$). In addition, an elicitor was added to the medium under optimal conditions for initiating suspension culture. After suspension culturing, the activities of the callus extracts were compared and analyzed. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity tests revealed that the anti-inflammatory activity of the callus extract and the content of phenolic compounds were elevated after treatment of the callus culture with the elicitior. Conclusions: A. obesum callus might be considered as potential source of biologically active anti-inflammatory material.