• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1102-1108
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• 2002

In this study, a topological design sensitivity of the ai. bearing surface (ABS) is suggested by using an adjoint variable method. The discrete form of the generalized lubrication equation based on a control volume formulation is used as a compatible condition. A residual function of the slider is considered as an equality constraint function, which represents the slider in equilibrium. The slider thickness parameters at all grid cells are chosen as design variables since they are the topological parameters determining the ABS shape. Then, a complicated adjoint variable equation is formulated to directly handle the highly nonlinear and asymmetric coefficient matrix and vector in the discrete system equation of air-lubricated slider bearings. An alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme is utilized for the numerical calculation. This is an efficient iterative solver to solve large-scale problem in special band storage. Then, a computer program is developed and applied to a slider model of a sophisticated shape. The simulation results of design sensitivity analysis (DSA) are directly compared with those of FDM at the randomly selected grid cells to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The overall distribution of DSA results are reported, clearly showing the region on the ABS where special attention should be given during the manufacturing process.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.2543-2551
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• 2000

Precision injection molding is an important technology for improving productivity and lowering costs in the fields of medical components, lenses and electrical connectors. The quality of injection molded parts is affected by various processing conditions such as filling time and packing pressure profile. It is difficult to consider all the variables at the same time for prediction of the quality. In this study, the genetic algorithm was used to obtain the optimal processing conditions for minimizing the volumetric shrinkage of molded parts. For a higher convergence rate, the method of design of experiments was used to analyze the relationship between processing conditions and volumetric shrinkage of molded parts, which served as analysis tool for the capability of searching optimal processing conditions but also greatly reduces the calculation time by utilizing the information of searching area. As a practical example, compact disks that require micron-level precision were chosen for the study.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.609-616
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• 2005

While the SIMPLE algorithm is most widely used for the simulations of flow phenomena that take place in the industrial equipments or the manufacturing processes, it is less adopted for the simulations of the free surface flow. Though the SIMPLE algorithm is free from the limitation of time step, the free surface behavior imposes the restriction on the time step. As a result, the explicit schemes are faster than the implicit scheme in terms of computation time when the same time step is applied to, since the implicit scheme includes the numerical method to solve the simultaneous equations in its procedure. If the computation time of SIMPLE algorithm can be reduced when it is applied to the unsteady free surface flow problems, the calculation can be carried out in the more stable way and, in the design process, the process variables can be controlled based on the more accurate data base. In this study, a modified SIMPLE algorithm is presented fur the free surface flow. The broken water column problem is adopted for the validation of the modified algorithm (MoSIMPLE) and for comparison to the conventional SIMPLE algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2012

This paper strongly addresses to the problem of the mechanical systems in which parameters are uncertain and bounded. Interval calculation is used to find sharp bounds of the structural parameters for infilled frame system modeled with finite element method. Infill walls are generally treated as non-structural elements considerably to improve the lateral stiffness, strength and ductility of the structure together with the frame elements. Because of their complex nature, they are often neglected in the analytical model of building structures. However, in seismic design, ignoring the effect of infill wall in a numerical model does not accurately simulate the physical behavior. In this context, there are still some uncertainties in mechanical and also geometrical properties in the analysis and design procedure of infill walls. Structural uncertainties can be studied with a finite element formulation to determine sharp bounds of the structural parameters such as wall thickness and Young's modulus. In order to accomplish this sharp solution as much as possible, interval finite element approach can be considered, too. The structural parameters can be considered as interval variables by using the interval number, thus the structural stiffness matrix may be divided into the product of two parts which correspond to the interval values and the deterministic value.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 1999

A theoretical study on the turbulent round jet diffusion flame impinging on the wall was carried out to predict the characteristics and structure of Impinging jet flame and heat transfer to the wall. Finite chemistry via Arrhenius equation and eddy dissipation model was adopted as a combustion model, and the Favre averaging and $k-{\varepsilon}$ model were Introduced In the theoretical modeling. The SIMPLE algorithm was applied to the calculation. All the transport properties were considered as the variable depending on the temperature and composition. For the parametric study, the distance from nozzle to impinging wall and Reynolds number at nozzle exit were chosen 88 the major parameters. As the results of the present study, the characteristics of flow fields, the distributions of main variables and each chemical species and the flame shapes were obtained. The heat transfer rate from the flame to the wall and the effective heating area were calculated to investigate the Influences of the major parameters on the heat transfer characteristics.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.831-840
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• 1999

In this work, an aerothermodynamic calculation model for cooled axial flow turbine blades with trailing edge ejection is suggested and a mean line performance analysis of a turbine stage with nozzle cooling is carried out. A unique model regarding the interaction between coolant and main gas is proposed, while existing correlations are adopted to predict viscous loss and blade outflow angle. The interactions considered are the heat transfer from main gas to coolant and the temperature and pressure losses by the mixing of two streams due to the trailing edge coolant ejection. For a stator blade without ejection, trailing edge loss calculated by the trailing edge analysis is compared with that calculated by loss correlation. The effect of heat transfer effectiveness of coolant passage on the mixing loss is analyzed. For a model turbine stage with nozzle cooling, parametric analyses are carried out to investigate the effect of main design variables(coolant mass flow ratio, temperature and ejection area) on the stage performance.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2397-2405
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• 2000

The remeshing is a method to replace a distorted mesh by a new mesh without interrupting the finite element calculation. The remeshing procedure in this paper refers to the rezoning, for which a sm oothing process is developed to alleviate the distortions of mesh. In the paper, an automatic finite element rezoning system with tetrahedral elements for large deformation analysis has been developed. Our smoothing process is composed of two steps, a surface smoothing and a volume smoothing. In the surface smoothing, checking the dihedral angle and projection on surface patch reduced the change of shape and nodes penetrating die. The constrained Laplacian smoothing has been employed for the volume smoothing process. The state variables are mapped from old mesh to new mesh by using volume coordinates within a tetrahedral element. All these procedures have been linked to the NIKE3D program As illustrated in the examples the overall strategy ensures a robust and efficient rezoning scheme for finite element simulation of metal-forming processes.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제47권12호
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• pp.848-855
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• 2019

최근 배기가스규제로 인하여 친환경 가스터빈연소기가 주목받고 있다. 이때 연소기 내부의 스월러는 화염안정성 및 역화에 매우 중요한 설계 인자가 된다. 기존 연구자들이 제시한 축 방향 스월러와 반경 방향 스월러의 설계방법에 대하여 고찰하고 다양한 가스터빈용 반경 방향 스월러 중 기하학적 설계변수를 고려한 스월수 계산과 유동손실을 고려한 스월수 계산의 적합성을 검토하였다. 전산유체역학을 통해 스월유동의 스월수를 계산하고 설계방법에 따라 각각 비교하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.755-761
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• 1987

본 연구에서는 익형 위에 발생하는 박리기포 주위를 사용한 박리기포 주위 유 동해석에 목적을 두고, 원시변수(primitive variable)를 사용한 부분 포물형 Navier -Stokes 방정식을 사용하여 층류유동에 관한 간단한 기본계산을 통해 비교적 박리기포 가 큰 외부유동(external flow)에도 부분 포물형 방정식이 적용될 수 있음을 보이고자 한다.수치해법은 Galpin 등 이 이차원 관유동(channel flow)에 완전 Navier-Stokes 방정식의 해법으로 사용한 CELS(coupled equation line solver) 방법을 부분 포물형 방정식에 적합하게 수정하여 사용하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 축방향 압축력을 받는 단순지지 직교보강원통셸을 구배투영법 (Gradient Projection Method)으로 최적화 하였으며, 이 과정에서 좌굴해석은 확산법 (Smeared-Out Method)으로 수행하였다. 사용한 설계변수는 최대 8개이고, 고려한 제한조건은 좌굴, 응력 및 기하학적 제한조건으로 전체 21개이다.본 연구에서 적용한 설계예는 사각형, I형 및 T형 보강재를 갖는 원통셸이다. 사각형 및 I형의 경우는 기존의 연구결과와 비교하여 본 해석의 유용성 및 정밀도를 입증하고 보강재의 형태에 따른 효율성도 아울러 검토하고자 한다.