• ALGAE
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2023

The oomycete pathogens Pythium porphyrae, causing red rot disease, and Olpidiopsis spp. causing Olpidiopsis-blight, cause serious economic losses to Pyropia sea farms in Korea. During the washing step for Pyropia processing, these pathogens proliferate rapidly, significantly reducing the quality of the final product. To develop non-acidic treatments for these pathogens, various calcium salts were tested against the infectivity of P. porphyrae and Olpidiopsis pyropiae on Pyropia gametophytes, and calcium propionate was the most effective. When Pyropia blades were immersed in 10 mM calcium propionate for 1 h after inoculation with the oomycete pathogen, infection rate of both oomycete pathogens on day 2 was significantly lower (7.1%) than control (>95%). Brief incubation of Pyropia blades in calcium propionate also reduced the spread of infection. The infected area of Pyropia thallus was reduced to 14.3% of the control in 2 days after treatment with 100 mM calcium propionate for 30 s. In field experiments conducted in actual aquaculture farms, it has been shown that a brief 30 s wash every two weeks with 100 mM calcium propionate can effectively reduce the spread of oomycetes throughout the entire culture period. The above results suggest that calcium propionate can be a useful means for controlling the spread of oomycetes not only during laver processing but also during aquaculture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.495-504
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• 2017

Objective: Manipulating the fermentation to improve the performance of the ruminant has attracted the attention of both farmers and animal scientists. Propionate salt supplementation in the diet could disturb the concentration of propionate and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcium propionate supplementation on the ruminal bacterial community composition in finishing bulls. Methods: Eight finishing bulls were randomly assigned to control group (CONT) and calcium propionate supplementation (PROP) feeding group, with four head per group. The control group was fed normal the total mixed ration (TMR) finishing diet, and PROP group was fed TMR supplemented with 200 g/d calcium propionate. At the end of the 51-day feeding trial, all bulls were slaughtered and rumen fluid was collected from each of the animals. Results: Propionate supplementation had no influence the rumen fermentation parameters (p>0.05). Ruminal bacterial community composition was analyzed by sequencing of hypervariable V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The most abundant phyla were the Firmicutes (60.68%) and Bacteroidetes (23.67%), followed by Tenericutes (4.95%) and TM7 (3.39%). The predominant genera included Succiniclasticum (9.43%), Butyrivibrio (3.74%), Ruminococcus (3.46%) and Prevotella (2.86%). Bacterial community composition in the two groups were highly similar, except the abundance of Tenericutes declined along with the calcium propionate supplementation (p = 0.0078). Conclusion: These data suggest that the ruminal bacterial community composition is nearly unchanged by propionate supplementation in finishing bulls.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1233-1238
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• 2003

Chloride염 및 유기산 칼슘염을 농도별로 첨가하여 배양할 때 6종의 식중독 미생물에 대한 증식 억제 효과를 Bioscreen C(600 nm)를 이 용하여 시험 하였다. E. cereus는 sodium chloride 7% 또는 potassium chloride 9% 처리시 증식이 관찰되지 않았다. Calcium chloride는 3% 농도에서 E. coli O157:H7과 S. aureus의 증식이 관찰되지 않았다. Magnesium chloride는 5% 농도에서 B. cereus, S. Typhimurium 및 S.aureus의 증식을 억제하였다. 유기산 칼슘염의 식중독 미생물에 대한 증식 억제 효과는 calcium propionate>calcium acetate>calcium lactate 순으로 나타났다. S. Typhimurium은 calcium chloride 단독 처리 할 때는 5% 이상 농도에서 증식이 관찰되지 않았으나, calcium chloride 3%와 젖산 0.01%를 병용할 때 같은 효과가 나타나 단독 사용할 때 보다 병용에 따른 상승효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.487-493
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• 1995

본 실험은 콩나물 재배과정 중에 일어나는 부패문제를 해결하기 위하여 사용이 허가된 산성 식품 첨가제들을 대상으로 그 이용 가능성을 찾아보고자 수행되었다. 다소 노화된 은하콩을 재료로 콩나물 배축의 부패에 관여하는 균(부패균)을 순수 분리하여 그 특성을 조사하였고, propionic acid 등 8가지 약제처리가 부패균의 증식 억제효과를 인왕배지상에서 검토하였다. 또한 1% 이하의 약액처리가 콩나물 발아와 유묘생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 약해유발의 가능성도 검토하였으며 그 결과들을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 부패균으로 확인된 3종류의 균계를 대상으로 Gram stain등 8가지 미생물학적 검정을 통하여 분석한 결과 상호 약간의 특성 차이는 있었으나 Pseudomonas속의 균계로 판단되었으며, 분리된 곰팡이류 중에는 부패균이 없었다. 2. 5% 이상의 농도에서는 공시약제 중 sodium hypochlorite의 부패균 증식억제 효과가 가장 컸으나 발아를 극심하게 저해하여 실용성이 없다고 판단되었다. 3. Propionic acid, acetic acid, calcium propionate, sodium propionate등의 약제 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났는데 propionic acid와 acetic acid의 효과가 상대적으로 더 뚜렷하였다. 4. Propionic acid, acetic acd, calcium propionate, sodium propionate 등의 선발된 4가지 약제는 1.0% 및 그 이하의 농도에서도 다소의 부패균 증식억제 효과가 나타나 부패경감제로서의 충분한 이용 가능성을 보였다. 5. 1%이하의 용액에 콩종자를 침지처리 하였을 때 무처리에 비해 선발된 4가지 약제처리에서 모두 발아율, 초기생육 및 비정상발아 개체율에서 차이를 나타내지 않아 약해는 문제시 되지 않을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2010

This study was conducted to increase the keeping quality of the minimally processed pear slices during the cold storage. Korean pears, 'Shin-go (Niitaka)', 'Chu-hwang' and 'Won-hwang’ were immersed in 1% ascorbic acid, 0.1% calcium propionate, 1% citric acid, 0.2% N-acetyl cysteine and 0.5 M 4-hexylresorcinol solution for 3 three minutes and then stored at $1{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. We have also examined into the firmness and the color difference of pears slices as affected by the application of the anti-browning agents. The firmness of pears slices which that were immersed in 0.1% calcium propionate and 0.2% N-acetyl cysteine solution were not significant at did not differ significantly after 10 days after of cold storage. However, the ${\Delta}E^*$ values of 'Shin-go' slices which that were treated with 0.1% calcium propionate and 0.2% N-acetyl cysteine solution and stored for 10 days decreased by 3.18 and 3.83, when compared with that in of the control, which decreased by 6.36. The ${\Delta}E^*$ values of 'Chu-hwang' slices which that were treated with 0.2% N-acetyl cysteine and 0.1% calcium propionate solution had the slight difference by differed by only 2.09 and 2.14, when compared with that in of the control, which differed by 3.04. The ${\Delta}E^*$ values of 'Won-hwang' slices which that were treated with 1% citric acid and 0.5 M 4-hexylresorcinol were 4.49 and 5.83, respectively, while that in of the control decreased by 8.95. It was assumed that the anti-browning agent treatment had the different activities among varieties of the pear varieties slices, however, application of 0.2% N-acetyl cysteine and 0.1% calcium propionate application had greater the higher antibrowning activity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2017

Objective: To assess the potency of calcium propionate (CAP) used as silage additive, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of CAP on the nitrogen transformation, fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silages. Methods: Alfalfa was ensiled with four levels of CAP (5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg of fresh weight [FW]) in laboratory silos for 30 days. After opening, the silages were analyzed for the chemical and microbiological characteristics, and subjected to an aerobic stability test. Results: The increasing proportion of CAP did not affect pH, lactic acid (LA) concentrations and yeast counts, while linearly decreased counts of enterobacteria (p = 0.029), molds (p<0.001) and clostridia (p<0.001), and concentrations of acetic acid (p<0.001), propionic acid (p<0.001), butyric acid (p<0.001), and ethanol (p = 0.007), and quadratically (p = 0.001) increased lactic acid bacteria counts. With increasing the proportion of CAP, the dry matter (DM) loss (p<0.001), free amino acid N (p<0.001), ammonia N (p = 0.004), and non-protein N (p<0.001) contents were linearly reduced, whereas DM (p = 0.048), water soluble carbohydrate (p<0.001) and peptide N (p<0.001) contents were linearly increased. The highest Flieg's point was found in CAP10 (75.9), represented the best fermentation quality. All silages treated with CAP improved aerobic stability as indicated by increased stable hours compared with control. Conclusion: The addition of CAP can suppress the undesirable microorganisms during ensiling and exposure to air, thereby improving the fermentation quality and aerobic stability as well as retarding the proteolysis of alfalfa silage. It is suggested that CAP used as an additive is recommended at a level of 10 g/kg FW.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제9권
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• pp.105-109
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• 1968

1. Bacillus subtilis var. M-181이 생산(生産)한 amylase에 내열제(耐熱劑)를 첨가(添加)하지 않았을 때의 작용(作俑) 최적온도(最適溫度)는 $50^{\circ}C$였으며 $75^{\circ}C$로 10분(分)간 가열(加熱) 했을 때는 완전(完全)히 실활(失活)되었다. 2. 내열제(耐熱劑)로서 sodium 염(鹽)은 그 종류(種類)에 따라 영향(影響)이 각각(各各) 다르며 유기염(有機鹽)으로서 monosodium glutamate, sodium acetate, sodium propionate 등(等)의 효과가 현저(顯著)하였다. 3. Sodium sulfate 는 효소액(酵素液) 1 ml$(D_{30'}^{40^{\circ}}\;1250/ml)$에 10mg 첨가(添加)했을 때를 정점(頂點)으로 하여 약간(若干)의 효과를 나타내었으며 그 이상(以上)의 농도(濃度)에서는 점차(漸次) 내열효과가 저하(低下) 되었으나 400mg 이상(以上)의 농도(濃度)에서는 다시 내열성(耐熱性)이 증대(增大)되었다. 4. Sodium acetate와 calcium acetate가 공존(共存)할때는 상승적(相乘的) 효과가 인정(認定)되었으나 음(陰) ion으로서 $Cl^{-}$의 공존효과는 인정(認定)하기 어려웠다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.704-710
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• 1988

본 실험은 여러 가지 보습제 및 방부제(Sodium lactate, Glycerol, Propylene glycol, sorbitol, Mannitol, Sodium benzoate, Potassium sorbate 및 Calcium propionate)처리를 한 중간수분식품 모델의 보수력을 등온흡습 곡선으로 처리하였다. 중간수분식품의 모델은 오징어를 재료로 사용하였고, 제조된 모델식품의 저장성도 검토하였다. 저장요인으로서는 지질산패, 색깔변화 및 곰팡이 번식을 관찰하였다. 보습제의 보수력은 mannitol

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 1993

Effect of Ca2+ on the conversion of 1-aminocycloprophane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene was studied with 2.5 day-old mung bean hypocotyl segments. The conversion of ACC in these tissues was inhibited by plasmolysis and sulfosuccinimidyl (hydroxyphenyl) propionate (sulfo-SHPP). The ACC induced ethylene production in HC (high calcium)-tissue grown on the Ca2+ added medium was greater than that in N (normal)-tissue. HC-tissue had a lower inhibition rate of ACC conversion by EGTA and Ca2+ -channel blockers than N-tissue. The rates of the ACC conversion by both kinds of tissues were stimulated by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. From these results, we suggests a mechanism for the stimulative effect of Ca2+ on the conversion of ACC to ethylene as follows; in some tissues where ACC conversion is linked with plasma membrane, Ca2+ may be transported from apoplast through Ca2+ -channel into the cytoplasm ad stimulate ACC-oxidase activity.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2000

소르빈산등 14종류의 보존료가 사용된 식품소비량과 식품첨가물의 최대허용량을 이용하여 보존료 섭취에 대한 안전성을 평가하고, 보존료 중 더욱 정밀한 섭취량 조사가 필요한 품목을 선별하였다. 가장 섭취량이 많은 보존료는 안식향산 및 안식향산나트륨으로 총 섭취량은 안식향산으로서 85.65mg이며 1일 섭취허용량에 대한 1일 추정섭취량의 비율은 31%이며 특히 청량음료로부터 안식향산의 섭취량이 가장 많은 것으로 추정되었다. 소르빈산 및 소르빈산칼륨으로 총 추정 섭취량은 76.61mg이며 1일 추정섭취량은 1일 섭취허용량의 5%이다. 나머지 보존료의 1일 추정섭취량은 1일 섭취허용량에 대한 비율이 2%이하로 현재 사용되고있는 보존료의 섭취수준은 안전한 것으로 평가할 수 있었다.