• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.728-742
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• 1993

The effects of dietary calcium levels on the blood pressure and calcium metabolism were investigated. Nine normotensive female college students having hypertention family history were participated in 4-week dietary expeiments. They were provided with either high Ca diet (HCa, average 797mg/day) or low Ca diet(LCa, average 225mg/day) during two weeks, each, consecutively. Sodium amounts of the body diets were 3566~4022mg/day, which were ordinary sodium intake levels in Korea. After the HCa, systolic blood pressures(SBR) in both seated and isogrip-seated postitions were decreased by about 2.5mgHg, comparing with those after the LCa(p<.05). Diastoilc blood pressures(DBP) were not changed by dietary calcium levels. Serum total Ca, ionized Ca, Mg and P levels and Ca/Mg ratio were not different between the HCa and the LCa. Serum parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels were similar between two diets, but individually in seven of nine subjects, the slightly lower values of PTH were observed after the HCa than after the LCa. Urinary excretion of Ca(p<.01), Mg(p<.05) and P(p<.1) were increased after the HCa comparing with the LCa, but Ca/Mg ratio were not different between the two diets. SBP was in positive correlations with boty urinary excretion of Ca(supine, r=.7356, p<.05) and urinary Ca/Mg ratio(isogrip-seated, r=.7483, p<.05). SBP was also negatively correlated with serum P level(supine, r=-.6930, p<.05) and DBP was in negative correlation with urinary P excretion(seated, r=-.8586, p<.01). Serum total and ionized Ca, Mg, Ca/Mg ratio were not significantly correlated with blood pressures.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 1993

This study was carried out to estimate the dally intake of lead and the relationship among dietary In take, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium In 30 healthy adults living In rural area of Korea (12 males and 18 females). Analyses for the nutritional status of the subjects were performed by 3-day dietary intake record, duplicated diet collection, 24-hour urine collection, and venous blood sampling. The results were as follows The mean daily intake of energy was 2,176.3kcal and 1,613.9kcal in males and (tamales of 20∼49years, and 1,914.8kcal and 1,517.9kcal in males and females of 50∼59years, respectively The ratio of carbohydrate : fat : protein was 73.4:13.6:13.0 in males and 76.4:10.3:13.3 In females. The mean daily intake of lead was 277.2Pg in males and 192.0ug in females. The mean daily intake, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium were 491.1mg, 8.9mg/dl, and 80.7mg in males and 426.7mg, 8.8mg /dl, and 80.3mg in females, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the daily lead intake and the dietary intake, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium. It was concluded that the daily lead intake was lower than the acceptable daily lead intake of FAO/WHO but a little higher than that of other investigations. And the daily lead intake was not level that relate to calcium status seriously.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1993

본 연구는 16~18세 여자 고등학생 7명을 대상으로 평상시와 같은 생활양식과 적정 체중을 유지시키면서 4주간 각 대상자들이 섭취한 모든 식이와 배설한 대변 및 소변 중 단백질 및 칼슘의 함량을 측정하여 1일 1인당 섭취량과 배설량을 측정하였고, 이로부터 흡수율과 평형상태를 관찰하였다. 1일 1인당 평균 단백질 섭취량은 58.15$\pm$1.15g, 대변을 통한 단백질 손실량은 7.65$\pm$0.27g으로 평균 소화흡수율은 86.5$\pm$0.6% 이었다. 소변을 통한 질소 배설량은 7.39$\pm$0.16g으로 0.70$\pm$0.22g의 양성 평형상태를 보였다. 1일 1인당 평균 칼슘 섭취량은 395.0$\pm$13.0mg, 대변을 통한 칼슘 손실량은 233.6$\pm$15.9mg으로 평균 소화흡수율은 40.1$\pm$4.0% 이었다. 소변을 통한 칼슘 배설량은 145.7$\pm$7.6mg으로 15.7$\pm$15.0mg의 양성 평형상태를 보였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.612-620
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• 2008

골다공증의 위험율이 높은 폐경 후 여성을 대상으로 이소플라본 보충과 운동의 단독 또는 복합적인 중재가 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연배설량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 $45{\sim}67$세의 폐경 후 여성 67명을 연령, 체질량 지수와 Base line 골밀도에 차이가 없도록 대조군 (16명), 보충군 (19명), 운동군 (16명), 보충 + 운동군 (16명)으로 나누어 연구를 수행하였다. 보충 + 운동군과 보충군에게는 8주 동안 매일 이소플라본 90 mg을 보충하였으며 운동군과 보충+운동군에게는 함께 운동을 실시한 후 중재 전후의 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연 배설량 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 소변의 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리의 배설량은 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 식이 아연의 섭취량이 운동과 이소플라본 보충을 실시하는 동안 변화가 없었음에도 불구하고, 이소플라본 보충군에서 소변 아연의 배설량이 유의적으로 감소하여 이소플라본의 보충이 골대사에 중요한 역할을 하는 아연 보유량을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 폐경 후 여성에서 운동과 이소플라본의 동시 중재가 각각의 중재방법보다 골대사의 향상에 유의적인 상승 작용이 없음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 이소플라본의 단독 보충군에서만 소변의 아연 배설량을 감소시키는 다소 미미한 연구 결과가 제시되었다. 그러나 본 연구는 연구 기간이 짧고, 이소플라본의 보충량이나 운동의 중재방법이 다양하지 못하다는 많은 제한점을 가지고 있으므로, 추후 효과적인 투여 농도와 운동중재 방법을 모색하고, 또한 운동과 기능성 식이성분의 효과적인 복합 중재 방법을 결정 할 수 있는 계속적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1006-1015
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• 1996

본 연구는 폐경 후 여성에게 식이 칼슘염 형태, 에스트로겐 및 에스트로겐/칼슘 혼합요법이 칼슘, 인 및 질소 대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 난소절제쥐를 이용한 총 9군으로 분류하여 6주간 사육한 후, 섭취량과 배설량을 측정하였고, 이로부터 흡수율과 평형상태를 구하였다. 난소를 절제한 군과 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에서의 칼슘 섭취량은 비슷하였으나 소변으로의 칼슘 배설이 난소를 절제한 군에서 유의하게 높았다. 난소절제 후 estrogen투여 및 estrogen/칼슘 혼합 투여군에서의 소변으로의 칼슘 배설량은 낮은 경향을 보였다. 대변으로의 칼슘 배설량은 난소를 절제한 군이 난소를 절제하지 않은군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 난소절제 후 estrogen을 투여한 결과 대변으로의 칼슘 배설량은 감소하였다. 고칼슘을 투여한 군들 모두에서 대변으로의 칼슘 배설량이 현저히 높았다. 칼슘의 외견적 흡수율은 난소를 절제한 군에 비해 난소를 절제하지 않은 군이 유의하게 높았다. 난소절제 후 고칼슘을 투여한 군들에 비해 난소절제 후 estrogen을 투여한 군이 난소절제 군에 비해 외견적 흡수율이 증가하였다. 칼슘 평형은 난소절제 후 고칼슘을 투여한 군들에서 난소를 절제한 군 보다 유의하게 높은 양의 칼슘 평형상태를 보였다. 난소를 절제한 군과 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에서의 소변으로의 인 배설은 난소를 절제한 군이 다소 증가하였다. 난소절제 후에 고칼슘 투여, estrogen 투여, estrogen/칼슘 혼합 투여군에서의 소변으로의 인 배설이 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01). 난소를 절제한 군과 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에서의 대변으로 인 배설량은 난소를 절제한 군이 많았으며 난소절제 후 estrogen 투여군에서는 대변으로의 인 배설량이 다른 군 보다 적었다. 난소절제 후 고칼슘 투여군에서는 대변으로의 인 배설이 다소 증가한 경향이었다. 인의 평형상태도 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에서 유의하게 높았다. 난소절제 후 고칼슘 투여, estrogen 투여, estrogen/칼슘 혼합 투여 및 estrogen점진적 감소와 고칼슘 투여에 의한 효과로는 인의 평형이 다소 증가하였으나 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에 비해서는 평형이 현저히 낮았다. 난소를 절제한 군과 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에서 소변으로의 질소 배설량은 난소를 절제한 군에서 유의 하게 높았으며 난소절제 후 estrogen, estrogen/칼슘 혼합 투여, estrogen 점진적 감소와 칼슘 점진적 증가군에서 각각 배설량이 감소하였다. 대변으로의 질소 배설량은 난소를 절제한 군에서 유의하게 높았다. Estrogen투여에 의해 대변으로의 질소 배설이 감소하였다. 고칼슘 투여군들은 대변으로의 질소배설이 높았다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 난소절제로 인해 칼슘, 인, 질소 평형이 난소를 절제하지 않은 군에 비하여 낮아졌다. 난소를 절제한 군에 비해 난소절제 후 고칼슘 투여, estrogen/칼슘 혼합, estrogen 점진적 감소와 칼슘 점진적 증가군에서 칼슘 평형을 증가 시켰다. 그러나 인과 질소 평형에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1982

This study was designed to observe the effects of nutritional supplementation of general Korean diet on calcium metabolism and bone growth in rats. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The bone weight and the concentration of ash and calcium in femurs tended to be increased by calcium supplementation. It seemed that supplemental calcium feeding promoted bone calcification through increasing the amount of calcium retained in the body. 2. There were no differences in calcium absorption rates, retention rates in the body, urinary excretion, and serum calcium concentration, between calcium supplemented groups and the other cereal-vegetable groups. 3. The casein, vitamin B2, or vitamin A supplementation of cereal-vegetable diets did not have any significant effects on calcium metabolism and bone growth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1178-1182
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• 2008

The present study was designed to assess the influence of caeca on the availability of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and copper from soybean, sunflower, rapeseed, sesame, fish and meat cum bone meal in adult roosters. The excretion of endogenous origin minerals viz., copper, magnesium, manganese and calcium was significantly (p<0.001) higher in caecectomized than in normal roosters. The difference in the endogenous excretion was 50; 60.45; 40.35 and 29.63 per cent for copper, magnesium, manganese and calcium, respectively, in caecectomized roosters. The caeca played a pivotal role in the reabsorption of endogenous origin calcium, magnesium, manganese and copper. The mechanism of phosphorus absorption by the caecal epithelium was negligible. The caecectomized roosters underestimated the bioavailability of copper in sunflower meal and manganese in almost all the test feedstuffs. The present investigation revealed that the caeca played a critical role in the absorption of minerals from vegetable protein feedstuffs which escape digestion and absorption in the small and large intestinal segments.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1985

In the present studies, the effects of dietary high-potassium and high-urea on the metabolism of magnesium, calcium and potassium were checked as an aid to clarify the pathogenesis of hypomagnesaemia(so-called grass tetany) in ruminant. A total of 5 Korean native female goats kept in metabolic cage were received high-potassium(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94%, K: 5.41%), high-urea(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94%, K: 0.72%) or control(Mg: 0.25%, Ca: 0.94, K: 0.72%) ration for 15 or 21 days. Daily intakes, fecal and urinary excretions and serum concentrations of magnesium, calcium and potassium were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In high-potassium group, absorption, urinary excretion and serum concentration of magnesium were significantly (p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively) decreased compared with the control group. On the other hand, the body retention was significantly (p<0.01) increased. However, no clinical symptom of hypomagnesaemic tetany was observable throughout the experimental period. No significant effects on the metabolism and seurm content of calcium were detected in the high-potassium group. In the high-potassium group, significant increase in absorption (p<0.01), urinary excretion (p<0.05) and body retention (p<0.01) of potassium were recognized. However, no significant difference in the concentration of serum was observable between the two groups. In high-urea group, no significant difference in the metabolism of magnesium and potassium or in the serum content were recognized compared with the control group. In high-urea group, tthe absorption, urinary excretion, body retention and serum content of calcium were decreased compared with the control group.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.325-327
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• 2013

Objective: To differentiate between benign and malignant hyperparathyroidism on the basis of excretion of HCG and its malignant isoforms in urine. Materials and Methods: This hospital based study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in Manipal Teaching Hospital from $1^{st}$ January, 2008 and $31^{st}$ August, 2012. The variables collected were urinary HCG and HCG malignant isoform, calcium and parathyroid hormone. Preceding the study, approval was obtained from the institutional research ethical committee. Analysis was by descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis. A p-value of <0.05 (two-tailed) was used to establish statistical significance. Results: Out of the 20 cases, 10 were primary hyperparathyroidism and the remainder were parathyroid carcinomas. The urinary HCG $6.1{\pm}0.6$ fmol/mgCr was with in normal range in benign hyperthyroidism but was markedly elevated in three cases of malignant hyperparathyroidism (maximum value of excretion in urine for HCG was 2323 fmol/mgCr). The excretion of malignant isoform of HCG in urine was 0 in benign hyperparathyroidsm and in four cases of malignant hyperparathyroidism which fell into the category of persistantly low HCG. The maximum excretion of the malignant isoform of HCG in urine was 1.8, in the category of very high HCG. Calcium and parathyroid hormone were mildly raised in benign parathyroidism, while parathyroid hormone was markedly elevated in cases of malignant hyperparathyroidism falling into the category of very high HCG. Conclusions: The excretion of urinary HCG in urine has the ability to distinguish between parathyroid adenomas and carcinomas and thus has potential to become a marker of disease progression in malignant parathyroid disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 1992

It was hypothesized that variations within the range of usual calcium(Ca) and sodium(Na) intakes of Korean influence bone mineral density(BMD) in healthy premenopausal women The relationship of nutrient intake urinary excretion physical activity and circulating IGF-1 level with spine({{{{ { L}_{2 } }}}}-{{{{ { L}_{4 } }}}}) and femur BMD was determined in 47 normal premenpausal women. There was a positive relationship between BMD of the lumbar spine and body weight. The BMD of femoral neck was positively correlated with Ca and protein intakes from animal source and circulating IGF-1 level. There was a negative relationship between femur BMD and both Na intake and urinary excretion. The complex interrelations between femur BMD regression analysis, From this analysis. Ca intake from animal origin was the only significnat Premenopausal women of femur BMD. In the basis of femur BMD three groups were divided Premenopausal women of femur BMD$\leq$0.84g/cm2 showed depressed Ca intake of animal origin in later and early life and enhanced urinary Na excretion compared to women of femur study suggests that dietary Ca is a major constituent affecting femur BMD because of a decrease in net Ca absorption and an increase in urinary Ca loss.