• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1061-1065
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• 1996

The charge transfer compounds of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) with the general formula of (TTF)mMCln, (M=Au, Pt, Ir, Os) were prepared by the direct reaction using excess HAuCl4·3H2O, H2PtCl6·xH2O, H2IrCl6·xH2O and H2OsCl6 respectively. The powdered electrical conductivities (σrt) at room temperature are given as follows; (TTF)3AuCl2, 4.53×10-3; (TTF)3.5AuCl2, 6.37×10-3; (TTF)3PtCl4, 5.51×10-4; (TTF)2IrCl4, 2.40×10-5; (TTF)OsCl4·1/2C2H5OH, 4.46×10-7 Scm-1. Magnetic susceptibility, electronic (UV-Vis.), vibrational (IR) and EPR spectroscopic evidences indicate that there is incomplete charge transfer from the TTF donor to gold, platinum, and iridium respectively, and that there is essentially complete charge transfer to osmium, thereby resulting a relatively low electrical conductivity in osmium compound. The EPR and magnetic susceptibility data reflect that the metals are in diamagnetic Au(Ⅰ), Pt(Ⅱ), Ir(Ⅲ), and Os(Ⅱ) oxidation states, and the odd electrons are extensively delocalized over the TTF lattices in each compound.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2012

For initiation of resistance breeding program of the red pepper, 21 PR ($Phytophthora$ resistance) cultivars, 36 cultivars collected from USA and 'Supermanitta' which is a susceptible cultivar against phytophthora blight were assayed against phytophthora blight, powdery mildew, and anthracnose. For seedling assay of phytophthora blight, three different mating type strains of $Phytophthora$ $capsici$ were used (A1, A2, Sterile). The result showed that most of the pepper of PR cultivars were resistance or moderately resistance at each mating type. 'Yeokganghongjanggun' was resistant to all three $P.$ $capsici$ strains and 'PR-Datta' and 'PR-Manitta' were resistant or moderately resistant at each type. In case of the collected cultivars, 'NuMex J.E.Parker', 'Omni Color', and 'SCM334' were resistant to all the three types and some cultivars including 'Sweet Banana' and 'Tabasco' were moderately resistant to each type fungi. 'Orange Habanero' and 'Black Cuban' were resistant to powdery mildew and 'Supermanitta' and 'PR Keumdong' were moderately resistant, while 'Santa Fe Grande', 'NuMex Pinata' and 'Puya' were very susceptible. In the case of anthracnose, 'Aji Limon' and 'Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum 3-4' were resistant and 'Pobalno', 'Omni Color', 'Negro', 'Mesilla', 'Mulato', 'Bhut Jolokia', 'Big Dipper', 'Black Cuban', 'NuMex Pinata', and 'NuMex Big Jim' were moderately resistant. The most PR cultivars except 'Taesan' were susceptible or very susceptible. These resistant individuals identified through this experiment can be used as sources of resistance to pepper pathogens in the future breeding programs.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.2C
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• pp.95-112
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• 2007

Spatial Multiplexing techniques, which is a kind of Multiple antenna techniques, provide high data transmission rate by transmitting independent data at different transmit antenna with the same spectral resource. OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is applied to MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system to combat ISI (Inter-Symbol Interference) and frequency selective fading channel, which degrade MIMO system performance. But, orthogonality between subcarriers of OFDM can't be guaranteed under high-mobility condition. As a result, severe performance degradation due to ICI is induced. In this paper, both ICI and CAI (Co-Antenna Interference) which occurs due to correlation between multiple antennas, and performance degradation due to both ICI and CAI are analyzed. In addition to the proposed CIR (Channel Impulse Response) estimation method for avoiding loss in data transmission rate, HIC (Hybrid Interference Cancellation) approach for guaranteeing QoS of MIMO-OFDM receiver is proposed. We observe the results on analytical performance degradation due to both ICI & CAI are coincide with the simulation results and performance improvement due to HIC are also verified by simulation under SCM-E Sub-urban Macro MIMO channel.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.299-310
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• 2012

This article describes the synthesis of a novel N-substituted pyrrole monomer containing an azobenzene group. The 2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(4-nitrophenyl) azo]-phenyl] amino] ethyl-3-chloropropionate (RedII) compound was synthesized via reaction of 4-nitro-4'-[N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino] azobenzene (RedI) and 3-chloropropionic acid. RedII was reacted with the potassium salt of pyrrole then 2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(nitro phenyl) azo] phenyl] amino] ethyl-N-pyrrolyl propionate (Py-RedII) was prepared. Chemical polymerization of Py-RedII and copolymerization of Py-RedII with pyrrole carried out using $FeCl_3$. Poly (2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(nitro phenyl) azo] phenyl] amino] ethyl-N-pyrrolyl propionate) (PPy-RedII) was characterized by UV, IR, $^1HNMR$, $^{13}CNMR$ spectroscopies. Electropolymerization of Py-RedII and electroco-polymerization of Py-RedII and pyrrole were studied using conventional three electrodes system, Ag/AgCl reference electrode, platinum counter electrode and GC disk working electrode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for thermal and rheological studies. The TGA curve of PPy-RedII demonstrated a high thermal stability up to 200°C and its DSC thermogram showed two endothermic peaks at 88 and $122^{\circ}C$. The glass transition temperature of the polymer was found to be above the room temperature. Electrical conductivities of PPy-RedII and it's copolymer with pyrrole (PPy-RedII-co-Py) were studied by the four-probe method and produced conductivities of $7.5{\times}10^{-4}$ and $6.5{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.486-490
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• 2012

$La_{7.33}Bi_2(SiO_4)_6O_2$ specimens were fabricated by standard solid-state synthesis route for solid oxide electrolytes. The calcined powders exhibited uniform particles with a mean particle size of about $28{\mu}m$. The room-temperature structure of $La_{7.33}Bi_2(SiO_4)_6O_2$ specimens was analyzed as hexagonal, space group P63 or P63/m, and the unit cell volume increased with increase a sintering temperature. The specimens sintered at $1,175^{\circ}C$ showed X-ray patterns of homogeneous apatite single phase without the second phase such as $La_2Si_2O_7$ and $La_2SiO_5$. The specimen sintered at $1,175^{\circ}C$ showed the maximum sintered density of 5.49 $g/cm^3$. Increasing the sintering temperature, total conductivities increased, activation energy decreased and the values were $1.98{\times}10^{-5}Scm-1$ and 1.23 eV, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 1994.07a
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• pp.7-8
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• 1994

한국산 표고버섯 균사체를 액체배양하여 천연항암물질로 알려진 단백다당체를 추출한 후 그 물질의 특성에 대하여 검토하였다. 균사체의 최적 재양조건을 TGY배지로 조사한 바 온도 $25^{\circ}C$, 배양초기 pH4.0, 교반속도 300rpm, 균사배지 접종량을 10.0%로 하고 산소 통기량을 1.0volume of ait/volume of medium/mimute으로 하였을때 가장 양호한 조건이였으며, 대량생산 하기 위한 SCM배지에서 최적의 C/N비는 13.1오써 7일간 배양하였을때 18.8g/L의 균사령을 얻었으며, 이때 생산수율은 0.46으로 나타났다. 발효가 끝난 배양액에서 균사, 여액 그리고 배양액의 전체에서 단백다당체를 분리한 결과 각 분획에서 단백다당체가 각각 0.55%, 0.12%, 0.69%가 회수되어 배양액 전체에서 단백다당체를 추출하는 것이 바람직하며, 추출방법으로 열수추출, glass bead추출 및 cellulasa처리를 하여 단백다당체의 수율을 비교한 결과 0.25-0.5mm glass nead로 30분간 균사체를 분쇄한 다음 열수추출을 1시간을 하였을때 990mg/100ml의 단백다당체를 얻을 수 있었다. 고단백다당체를 1차 단백질 가수분해 효소로 분해하고, EDAE cellulose 및 Sepadex G-100 column chromatography로 정제한 후, TLC/FLD, ultracentrifugation한 결과 순수한 물질임을 알 수 있었다. 단백다당체의 항암효과 조사중 in vitro배양에서 $P_{388}$과 $L_{1210}$에 대한 단백다당체의 활성단위 1 unit는 1mg정도였으며, 인체의 장암세포인 HCT-48, HRT-18, HT-29 밀 간암세포인 Hep G2 대한 생육저해 단위는 각각 4.4, 3.6, 6.6, 2.6mg이었다. HCT-48과 Hep G2 세포의 크기 분포도는 대조군에 비하여 시간이 경과함에 따라, 그리고 단백다당체의 농도가 증가함에 따라 peak가 작은 size 쪽으로 이동하였다. 또, 단백다당체를 첨가 배양한 HCT-48과 Hep G2세포의 현미경 관찰에서 본래의 암세포 형태가 변형되고 크기가 감소하며 세포사이의 경계막이 흐트러지면서 세포수가 감소하고 사멸하였다. In vivo실험에서는 대조군보다 단백다당체를 첨가한 군에서 항체 형성능력이 대조군에 비하여 형질세포가 2배로 증가하였다. 단백다당체의 화학적 성분 분석에서 다당함량은 46.1%이면 구성다당류는 glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose로 구성되었고 단백질의 함량은 7.28%이며, 구성아미노산은 15종의 아미노산으로 되었다. 또 무기물은 Na, K, Zn, Ca등의 순으로 이루어 짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.82-89
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose a simple model to evaluate the compressive strength development of concrete with various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and cured under different temperatures. For the generalization of the model, the ACI 209 parabola equation was modified based on the maturity function and then experimental constants A and B and 28-day compressive strength were determined from the regression analysis using a total of 265 data-sets compiled from the available literature. To verify the proposed model, concrete specimens classified into 3 Groups were prepared according to the SCM level as a partial replacement of cement and curing temperature. The analysis of existing data clearly revealed that the 28-day compressive strength decreases when the curing temperature is higher and/or lower than the reference curing temperature ($20^{\circ}C$). Furthermore, test results showed that the compressive strength development of concrete cured under $20^{\circ}C$ until an early age of 3 days was marginally affected by the curing temperature afterward. The proposed model accurately predicts the compressive strength development of concrete tested, indicating that the mean and standard deviation of the ratios between predictions and experiments are 1.00 and 0.08, respectively.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.987-1003
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• 2006

Recent economic depression aggravates the difficulty in employment, and it has been expanded to a social issue. Even worse, low wage structure in the textile and fashion industry, and inferior working environment make it difficult for fashion design graduates to stably settle down in society. To tackle all these problems, the demand of a new educational model is on the rise. In responding to such economic and educational environment changes, we can actively cope with structural problems in the textile and fashion field, and a social problem of youth unemployment by vigorously using the Internet as a tool for practice. In other words, Startups are reinvigorated through hands-on education, focused on information by introducing the factor of supply chain management (SCM), which efficiently manages resources within the supply chain, and a business to customer (B2C) model, and by utilizing these for startup education.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study, for the reasons of observing the changes when using bonding agent with Ni-Cr alloy and Co-Cr alloy and using VM13 and Vintage MP ceramic which have the disparity in coefficient of thermal expansion, it is carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the bonding agent through the analysis of the interface between metal and ceramic and the analysis of bond strength by variable. Methods: The surface treatment was performed on the two kinds of alloy(Ni-Cr alloy and Co-Cr alloy) specimens, which were sandblasted and were treated with bonder application. The metal-ceramic interfaces were analyzed with EPMA in order to ionic diffusion, and the shear test was performed. Results: As a result of observation of metal-ceramic interfacial properties, it was observed that Cr atoms were spread from the alloy body to the ceramic floor in the specimen of Group B. It was also seen that Cr, W atoms were spread from the alloy body to the ceramic floor in the specimen of Group S. In consequence of observing Shear bond strength, it was calculated that the specimen of BSV was 27.75(${\pm}11.21$)MPa, BSM was 27.02(${\pm}5.23$)MPa, BCV was 30.20(${\pm}5.99$)MPa, BCM was 27.94(${\pm}10.76$)MPa, SSV was 20.83(${\pm}2.58$)MPa, SSM was 23.98(${\pm}3.94$)MPa, SCV was 32.32(${\pm}4.68$)MPa, and SCM was 34.54(${\pm}10.63$)MPa. Conclusion: In the metal-ceramic interface of Bellabond plus sample group, diffusion of Cr atoms was incurred and diffusion of C Cr atoms and W atoms in the sample group of $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ was observed. Using bonding agent showed the higher bond strength than using the sand blasting treatment. In the Bellabond plus alloys, the specimen group with the use of binding materials showed higher shear bond strength, but didn't show statistically significant differences (p>0.05). In the $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ alloys, the specimen group with the use of binding materials showed higher shear bond strength and statistically significant differences(p<0.05). In terms of VM13 ceramic, it was in the Bellabond plus alloys that the high shear bond strength was showed, but there's no statistically significant differences(p>0.05). In terms of Vintage MP ceramic, it was in the $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ alloys that the high shear bond strength was showed and statistically significant differences(p<0.05). Metal-ceramic to fracture of the shear strength measurements and an analysis of all aspects of military usage fracture of the composite, respectively.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.83-100
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• 2018

Demand for stone products used as building materials is increasing. The construction industry, the value of the stone industry is sufficient, but the domestic stone industry is very lag regarding IT utilization. However, the overseas stone industry produces high-quality products using IT. In this study, we want to offer an IT application technology priority fit for the stone industries. We identify the current status and production process of the stone industries, then set the priority of various IT, so that obtain competitiveness in the domestic stone industries, and minimize the gap between the overseas stone industries. Therefore, we used AHP method; stone industry production processes were selected as the Enterprise Operation Management, Quarrying, Manufacturing, Construction and Maintenance of first-tier. The second-tier ones are consisted of 30 factors out of IT elements. Focus group interviews were conducted to confirm the validity of each factor. As a result, most important factors of first-tier was selected as the order of Manufacturing, Quarrying, Enterprise Operation Management, and Construction & Maintenance. The top 5 of 30 factors in the second-tier were selected Smart Sensor, Mobile Device, Robot of manufacturing, GIS of quarrying, and SCM of enterprise operation management. And the factor that relatively less important was GPS of construction and maintenance. If properly applied an IT application technology for stone industry, we expect to provide efficient production lines and increase customer satisfaction, which will ultimately expand the promotion for the industry and thus act as positive factor in promoting the stone industry.