• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.83-90
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• 2014

Purpose - Increasing sales of PB rice products can hinder the growth of domestic brands of rice, notwithstanding that the government is promoting domestic brands of rice. This analysis evaluated the influencing relationship among the variables of PB image, product credibility, and purchase intention of consumers who have never bought PB rice, to know the factors influencing consumers' decisions to purchase PB products. Research design, data, and methodology - PB products' brand image was analyzed as the factor that has a direct effect on purchase intention. The mediation effect of credibility on PB products is also analyzed, in terms of influencing the relationship between PB products' brand image and purchase intention. The analysis is performed on consumers that have not purchased a PB product and consumers who have purchased PB products from major distributors. Data is collected through questionnaires, from 389 of responders, and the AMOS 19.0 statistics package is used as a statistical tool. Results - It is proven that brand image has direct effects on the credibility of the product, and the credibility of product has a direct effect on purchase intention. However, it is revealed that brand image does not directly affect purchase intention, but that brand image indirectly affects it through the credibility of the product. Although the customers' recognition about PB image is low, the result shows that PB products' external attributes have effects on customers' purchase intention relating to the PB product. Therefore, it is important to establish the credibility of the PB product more than other products in terms of marketing. Conclusions - The following are the implications of the study. First, in a rice brand promotion, the credibility of the product should be ensured by a uniform brand image. To ensure the credibility of a product, the RPC brand and other brands should be unified, and the unified brand image should be applied to every product. Second, the package must possess a design as well as contents that could build consumers' perception of product credibility. Products' external attributes contribute to their credibility, which leads the consumers to purchase the products, including those consumers who have never bought PB rice products. Therefore, the products' credibility and sales can be reinforced by applying information about consumers' considerations when buying the PB rice product in different colors, font sizes, and packaging designs. This study is meaningful in two ways. First, it seeks to identify an NB revitalization strategy by exploring the purchasing behavior of customers who have no experience in buying PB rice products. Second, the results of previous studies about general brands are considered and applied in this study in order to investigate the influencing relationship among different factors of PB products. However, this study is a consumer awareness investigation; therefore, its results only have limited meaning to the relationship between brand image and purchase intention.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2024

This study aims to examine the structural relationship between consumers' health-related lifestyle. purchasing attitude and purchase intention in the rice-based bakery products market. Data were collected from 397 consumers in their 20 years old and more. Results showed that purchasing attitude positively affected nutrition, trends and taste, and it was a key variable in explaining the intention to purchase rice-based bakery products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and cultivate rice flour varieties containing various nutrients and develop products by capturing the food trends among consumers to induce them to purchase rice-based bakery products. Purchasing attitude fully mediated the relationship between taste and purchase intention, which suggests that it is necessary to hold tasting or sampling events and carry out promotional activities for consumers to perceive that rice-based bakery products taste good, which may lead to positive purchasing attitude.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2013

The use of agricultural by-products as alternative nutrient sources in crop production had gained popularity in order to reducing the rate of chemical fertilizer application in the field. This study was conducted to determine whether the application of rice milling by-products treated with yeast inoculants could substitute, or reduce the rate of chemical fertilizer application. The results of agronomic measurements showed that the effect of incorporated materials was not immediate, as compared to 100% chemical fertilizer application. However, grain yield and quality was either the same or greater than 100% chemical fertilizer application. It was found out that expanded rice hull (treated with yeast or not) could reduce the rate of applying chemical fertilizers by half. Also, yeast treatment was only favorable only to expanded rice hull and not with rice bran, and was already found to be a potential material in reducing chemical fertilizer application in rice production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.624-630
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine antioxidant compounds and antioxidative activities of by-products including rice bran and half-crashed rice by rice milling. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activities and reducing power have been used to investigate the relative antioxidative activities of 70% EtOH extracts from by-products. The contents of total polyphenol, total flavonoid and $\gamma$-oryzanol in EtOH extracts were measured by spectrophotometric methods, and vitamin E was carried out by HPLC. Ethanol extract from rice bran showed markedly antioxidative activity than that from half-crushed rice. Among EtOH extracts from milling by-products, rice bran of 'Hongjiju' tended to have the most effective antioxidative activity compared to the others. These results suggested that by-products of rice milling have the potent antioxidative activity and these activity are partly due to the antioxidative compounds present in by-products including rice bran and half-crushed rice.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2013

To investigate Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in rice samples from rice processing complexes (RPCs), paddy rice and rice-milling products such as husks, brown rice, blue-tinged rice, broken rice, rice bran, discolored rice, and polished rice were collected from nationwide in 2012. Three hundred seventy one samples of rice and its by-products were analyzed for three trichothethenes including nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA) by LC/MS. Discolored rice samples were found to have the highest contamination of DON, NIV or ZEA, followed by broken rice. Polished rice samples were largely free from mycotoxins, except three samples which were contaminated with NIV or DON at safety level. The rice byproduct samples were contaminated at higher level and frequencies than polished rice samples.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.872-879
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• 2016

Demand of natural interior finishing material has been widely sprayed in nowadays because many weak people as children, pregnant women, and elder people are being struggled with sick house syndrome due to volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, toluene, benzene, etc. Our research group developed a no-added formaldehyde adhesive for wood-based panels from mainly rice powder and some additives in the previous study for abating sick house syndrome. Since the rice powder adhesive provides a good source of nutrients with microorganisms, it was suspected a susceptibility of the rice powder adhesive to fungal and sapstain attack. We evaluated anti-sapstain activity of the rice powder adhesives modified by adding wood preservatives. We modified the rice powder adhesive by adding three different types of anti-sapstain preservatives at three different concentrations to assess their anti-sapstin activity. The bonding strengths of the modified rice powder adhesives were still outstanding performance on all samples. Moreover, the plywood manufactured with the modified rice powder adhesive satisfied outdoor use requirement for ordinary plywood (KS F3101, Korean Standard). The results obtained showed that at least 3% of preservative should be added to the rice powder adhesive to obtain effective anti-sapstain activity.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2007

Rice straw, produced as an agricultural by-product, is usable biomass as fuels if depolymerized to monomer unit, because the chemical structure are similar to high octane materials found in gasoline. In this study, parameters of thermochemical degradation by solvolysis reaction of rice straw such as the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and type of solvent on conversion yield and degradation products were investigated. It was found that the effectiveness of the solvent on the solvolysis reaction was as follows; acetone>cresol>butanol. When acetone was used as a solvent, the highest rice straw conversion was observed to be 91.5% at $500^{\circ}C$, 40 min. Combustion heating value of liquid products from thermochemical conversion processes was in the range of 7,380 cal/g. The energy yield and mass yield in acetone-solvolysis of rice straw was as high as 69.0% and 38.2 g-oil/100g-raw material after 40 min of reaction at $350^{\circ}C$. Various aliphatic and aromatic compounds were detected in the rice straw solvolysis products. The major components of the solvolysis products, that could be used as fuel, were 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclopentan-1-one as ketones.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

Rice is the most important crop in Korea and its annual production of 5.2 million ton is followed by over 0.5 million ton of bran as by-products of milling process. Although rice bran contains various nutritious and pharmaceutical compounds, rice brans are rarely utilized as functional food sources in Korea. In recent, tocotrienols are well known having distinctive pharmaceutical effectiveness. So tocotrienols extracted from rice bran oil were evaluated about Pharmaceutical function. The $IC_{50}$ of tocotrienols products against liver cancer, HepG2 cells were $149mg\;mL^{-1}$, indicating anticancer activity of final products. By animal feeding tests, the final products containing tocotrienols did not induce any toxicity signs in mortality, Incidence of clinical signs, body weight, etc. after a single oral administration, which proved safety of the tocotrienol products. In conclusion, tocotrienol extracted from rice bran has pharmaceutical activity without any toxic effects, which is also suggested tocotrienol products may be a good fortifying nutrition far the health and medical care.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2017

The mixing of rice and brown rice produced in different years is banned in Korea by the grain management act. However, there has been no reported method for discriminating the production year of rice. The objective of this study was to develop a method for discriminating the production year of rice and brown rice based on their phospholipids content. One hundred rice samples and 130 brown rice samples produced between 2012 and 2015 were collected. Twelve phosphatidylcholine components were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylcholine was used as an internal standard to calculate the peak intensity of the samples. A statistical analysis of the results showed that the centroid distance between the stale and new rice was 4.16 and the classification ratio was 97%. To verify the calculated discriminant, 61 and 40 rice samples were collected. The accuracy of discrimination was 82% by primary verification and 80% by secondary verification. The statistical analysis of brown rice showed that the centroid distance between the stale and new brown rice was 3.14 and the classification ratio was 96%. To verify the calculated discriminant, 10 samples of new rice and 30 samples of stale rice were collected and the accuracy of discrimination was 93%. The accuracy of discrimination for rice stored at room temperature was 57.9-92.1% and that for rice stored at a low temperature was 86.8-94.7%, depending on the storage period. For brown rice, the detection accuracy was 94.7-100% at room temperature and 92.1-100% at a low temperature, depending on the storage period. The accuracy of discrimination for rice was affected by the storage temperature and time, while that for brown rice was more than 92% regardless of the storage conditions. These results suggest that the developed discriminant analysis method could be utilized to determine the production year of rice and brown rice.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.101-110
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• 2011

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the different NaOH pretreatment concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) on enzymatic saccharification (with cellulase, and ${\beta}$-glucosidase) and fermentation (by Saccharomyces cerevisiaeKCCM 11304) for bioethanol production from rice straw and rice husk. Pretreatment of rice straw and rice husk were conducted under both natural and powder state to observe the potentiality of the biomass condition (natural and powder state). In this study, glucose and ethanol production were increased with the increase of NaOH percentage for both rice straw and rice husk (natural and powder state). For rice straw, the highest amount of glucose was obtained in 1.00% NaOH pretreatment (0.81 g $g^{-1}$ in a natural, and 0.63 g $g^{-1}$ in a powder state pretreatment). Similarly, for rice husk, the highest amount of glucose was obtained in 1.00% NaOH pretreatment (0.47 g $g^{-1}$ in a natural, and 0.46 g $g^{-1}$ in a powder state pretreatment). However, 0.75% NaOH pretreatment resulted in glucose yield near about 1.00% NaOH pretreatment for both rice straw and rice husk (natural and powder state). On the other hand, for rice straw, the highest amount of ethanol was obtained in 1.00% NaOH pretreatment (0.36 g $g^{-1}$ in a natural, and 0.31 g $g^{-1}$ in a powder state pretreatment). In addition, for rice husk, the highest amount of ethanol was also obtained in 1.00% NaOH pretreatment (0.24 g $g^{-1}$ in a natural, and 0.23 g $g^{-1}$ in a powder state pretreatment). Moreover, 0.75% NaOH pretreatment resulted in ethanol yield near about 1.00% NaOH pretreatment for both rice straw and rice husk (natural and powder state). It was confirmed that higher amount of NaOH use is cost effective. Moreover, higher amount of glucose and ethanol was observed when powder was prepared after pretreatment. So 0.75% NaOH pretreatment in a natural state is supposed to be suitable for enzymatic saccharification and fermentation for bioethanol production.