• Title/Summary/Keyword: butterfly Effect

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Development of Surface-mount-type Crown-shaped Lens for Reducing Glare Effect of Light-emitting Diode Light Source (LED 광원의 눈부심 현상을 감소시키기 위한 표면 실장형 CR 렌즈 개발)

  • Park, Yong Min;Bang, Hyun Chul;Seo, Young Ho;Kim, Byeong Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.64-68
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    • 2014
  • This paper introduces the use of a crown-shaped (CR) lens to effectively diffuse the light from a light-emitting diode (LED) without any loss in the light intensity, in contrast to polymer-bulb-type diffusers. The diffusion lens was designed based on the Snell's law, which describes the physical path of a ray passing through the boundary between different media. CR lenses were fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) casting and UV-embossing processes, which used a pre-designed metal mold and UV-curable resin, respectively. Through experiments and optical evaluations, it was verified that the newly proposed CR lens not only decreased the vertical light strength and glare effect from an LED light source but also improved the diffusion characteristics while maintaining the quality of the LED's light intensity.

Larval growth and the effect of temperature on head capsule size in Atrophaneura alcinous (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

  • Kim, Seong-Hyun;Park, Haechul;Park, Ingyun
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.50-53
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    • 2016
  • The size of head capsule is one of the most important factors for identifying developmental stage. In order to understand the developmental characteristics of the butterfly Atrophaneura alcinous, we examined fluctuations in larval head capsule size under three different temperature conditions (20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$) and 60% humidity. As a result, larvae developed to the fifth instar at all three temperatures. The head capsule size of larvae tended to be larger at the lowest temperature and smaller at the highest temperature. The development rate showed a regular change, consistent with Dyar's rule regarding head capsule size development. Furthermore, the development of head capsule size was found to correspond to a second degree polynomial regression better than to a linear regression. On the basis of these results, it would appear to be possible to perform an accurate assessment of instar status during the development of A. alcinous.

On the Strategic Alliance between Libraries and Publishers (도서관계와 출판계의 전략적 제휴방안 모색)

  • Yoon Hee-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.139-161
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    • 2005
  • This study aims to suggest a strategic alliance between libraries and publishers in Korea. When it considers the linear distribution channel of current publications and the entity and a butterfly effect of knowledge communication crisis, the publishers as production agency and the library as consuming subject must search a strategic cooperative plans. In order to achieve this goal, the study analysed the four issues(fixed book prices, library infrastructure, book and library supply policy of government, legal deposit system) which is important.

Application to Understanding and Counter Terrorism Corresponding field of Complex System Theory (복잡계 이론의 이해와 테러대응 분야에의 적용)

  • Kwon, Jeonghoon
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.542-547
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    • 2015
  • This study is discussing with respect to the access sector for terrorism response based on the thinking and methodology of complex systems theory, which is mainly used in many disciplines today to effectively respond to complex multi-environment change its purpose there. As a result, Butterfly Effect, fractal & self-similarity, self-organization, emergence, coevolution, edge of chaos the applicability of the corresponding field of terrorism through the complex system theory as metaphorical will be able to navigate.

The Applicability to Terrorism Corresponding field of Complex System (복잡계 관점의 테러대응 분야 적용가능성)

  • Kwon, Jeong-Hoon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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    • 2015.11a
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    • pp.305-306
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문은 복잡다단한 환경변화에 효과적으로 대응하기 위하여 오늘날 여러 학문 분야에서 주로 이용되고 있는 복잡계 이론의 사고와 방법론을 기반으로 테러대응을 위한 분야별 제 접근에 대하여 논하는데 그 목적이 있다. 우리는 수많은 테러조직 및 테러환경 요인들과 연결된 복잡한 시스템 속에서 활동하고 있기 때문에 이 모든 것을 이해하고 통제하며 예측하면서 대응한다는 것은 사실상 애초부터 불가능한 일일지도 모른다. 테러대응 역시 테러대응 관계 기관간, 관계 기관 전담 부서 내의 구성원들의 상호작용뿐만 아니라 넓게는 정부, 민간단체, 산업체, 학계, 언론 등 나아가서는 국가간의 이해 관계자, 국제기구 등 테러대응 분야의 다양한 조직들의 참여하에 이들의 상호작용으로 공식적, 비공식적 의사 결정을 통한 방안들을 모색하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 이에 따라 초기조건의 민감성, 프랙탈과 자기유사성, 자기 조직화, 창발, 공진화, 혼돈의 가장자리의 복잡계 이론을 통하여 테러대응 분야의 적용가능성을 은유적으로 탐색할 수 있을 것이다.

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The Study on Technique and Design Appeared in Textile of Miaos in China (중국내 묘족의 직물에 나타난 기법과 문양 고찰)

  • 부애진;홍정민
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.37
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    • pp.149-162
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    • 1998
  • This study is thed Embroidery, Cross-stitchery, Weaving, Wax-Printing of technique and design appeared in textile of Miaos dwells in south-west among the minority people of china. The study is as follows. First, the technique of textile1) satin stitch, couching stitch, french-knot stitch, etc. using anther silk thread or cotton thread color 2) cross-stitchery 3) hand-weaving technique which is shaped other warp or weft using simple loom 4) the technique of dyeing of pattern using effect with wax. These methods are singly used mixing together, therefore doubled beauty. Second, these technuque of ornament have other independence, specially ornament apron, sling, sleeve borders, slack borderss, edge of upper garment, take off and put on easily, heighten effect of various ornament, can preserve many years. Third, Maker, female born in this country fashion by need of herself, used liberal method shown in unique creativity of life. This texture make standards capable female proud of intelligent and skill of herself. Fourth, Design appeared in textile like as pattern flying bird in the sky, strolling beast in the field, lion rolling gem, laughing dragon winding snake at gem, birks, flowers, fish, butterfly is used as the wish of long life, a lucky sign. They expressed creativity and unique conception using formation : the technique transform other shape using by omitting or adding or overestimating. Geometric pattern of tartan, revealing, Fifth, composition structure having balance and symmetry or contradiction towards center and circumstance of the center harmonized repeatedly method, expressed unique artful attraction by full composition.

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Critical current densities of bicrystalline HTSC film under various magnetic fields

  • Lim S.M.;Jung Y.;Jang K.;Lee S.M.;Jung Y.H.;Youm D.
    • Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2006
  • Critical current densities were measured for a bicrystalline $(Sm_{0.8}Dy_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_7$ film under various magnetic fields $({^{\rightarrow_{H}}}_a)$. The fields were varied from -0.7KOe to +0.7KOe for various orientations with respect to the film surface. The curves of the critical current densities $(J_{cb})\;vs\;{^{\rightarrow_{H}}}_a$ showed the well known butterfly-like hysteretic curves. Our data could be analyzed for the two components of field, which are normal and parallel to the film surface, respectively. We combined the effect of $H_\perp$ deduced from the data for the normal field $(\theta=90^{\circ})$ and the effect of $H_\parallel$ deduced from the data for the almost parallel field $(\theta=2^{\circ})$. Our analyses indicate that $(J_{cb})$ depends on the two components of flux density at the grain boundary. All the experimental data for various ${\theta}s$ fit well to this new formula which was obtained by multiplying the factors deduced from the field dependences of these two components.

Effect of temperature on the development of the Common Grass Yellow, Eurema hecabe

  • Kim, Seonghyun;Park, Haechul;Park, Ingyun
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2015
  • The developmental responses of insects to temperature are important considerations in gaining a better understanding of their ecology and life histories. Temperature-dependent phenology models permit examination of the effects of temperature on the geographical distributions, population dynamics, and management of insects. Measurements of insect developmental and survival responses to temperature pose practical challenges that depend on the chosen modality, variability among individuals, and high mortality rates near the lower and upper threshold temperatures. Different temperature levels can significantly affect larval development of Eurema hecabe. The development of E. hecabe reared on leaves of Lespedeza cuneata was investigated at three temperature regimes (20, 25, and 30℃), a relative humidity of 60%, and a light:dark photoperiod of 14:10 h. The developmental time from larva to adult was 34.3, 20.6, and 17.9 d at temperatures of 20, 25, and 30℃, respectively. Pupal rate was 47.6%, 47.6%, and 61.9% at temperatures of 20, 25, and 30℃, respectively. The developmental threshold temperature estimated from larva to pupae was 8.1℃ with 381.7 degree-days. There is an increasing need for a standardized manual for rearing this butterfly species based on adequate knowledge of its ecology.

Effects of Herbicide on the Environmental Ecosystem in Subtropics

  • Wang, Yei-Shung
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 1998
  • Herbicides play a very important role in modern agriculture. However, the herbicide applied to the agricultural field may accumulate in the field, converting the advantages to environment pollution. Many small animals in the ecosystem such as alderfly, earthworm, butterfly, loach, frog, firefly, some birds and aquatic organisms have been known to disappear gradually. In addition, several behavior of herbicides including adsorption by soil, movement by water, photodecomposition, volatilization to air, absorption by plant, metabolism by soil microorganisms and so on, are proceeded while the herbicide remained in the environment. In this review, fate and behavior of herbicides in the environment and their effect on ecosystem after their application are focused on four aspects : the first is the absorption and metabolism of herbicides by plant; the second is the residues of herbicides in soil and water environments: the third is the accumulation and release of herbicides in aquatic organisms and the fourth is the translocation of herbicides in model agricultural ecosystem. Many factors may affect the behavior and fate of herbicides after their application, climatic conditions and soil properties seem to be the most important. Therefore, the fate and behavior of herbicide in Taiwan, located on subtropical region, may differ from those in Korea.

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Subacute Oral Toxicity Assesment of Ethanol Extract of Mariposa christia vespertilionis Leaves in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

  • Nurul, Syahirah Ahmad Sayuti;Hazilawati, Hamzah;Mohd, Rosly Shaari;Mohd, Farhan Hanif Reduan;Noordin, Mohamed Mustapha;Norhaizan, Md Esa
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2018
  • The term Butterfly tea refers to decoction of Mariposa christia vespertilionis leaves which is widely consumed by cancer patients throughout Malaysia and has gained a huge popularity among Malaysians, not only cancer patients but also researchers to discover the real potential of this plant. Herein, the study is aimed at evaluating the possible toxicity in 28-day subacute oral toxicity of ethanolic extract M. christia vespertilionis in male Sprague Dawley rats. The 28-day subacute toxicity study was conducted to detect the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL). In this study, a total of 30 rats were divided into the control, 5% DMSO (vehicle), low dose (75 mg/kg), medium dose (125 mg/kg) and high dose (250 mg/kg) groups. The extract was administered daily from day 1 until day 28. At the end of the study, the animals were humanely sacrificed and assessed for the effect extract of Mariposa christia vespertilionis leaves on body weight and relative organ weights and haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters. The haematological and serum biochemical parameters for the assessment of kidney and liver injuries were carried out. Results of haematological and serum biochemistry results showed no changes in the control and treated groups. In the histopathology, evaluation of kidney tissues in all treated groups showed no significant (p > 0.05) lesions. In contrast to kidney, liver tissues showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in lesions observed in low dose (430 mg), medium dose (700 mg) and high dose (1480 mg) groups with very mild, mild and mild to moderate lesion of hepatic necrosis, in the respective groups, and very mild hepatic degeneration and hepatitis were scored in all three groups.