• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 1983

To elucidate the effect of ginseng butanol fraction on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia, ginseng butanol fraction was administered before and after injection of streptozotocin(50mg/kg, i.v.), and glucose, insulin, and cholesterol levels in serum were determined at 96 hours after streptozotocin injection. Serum glucose, insulin levels were significantly decreased by administration of ginseng butanol fraction (100mg/kg, p.o.) at 7 hour and 7, 4, 1, hour(three times) before streptozotocin injection. The glucose levels were significantly decresed by administration of ginseng butanol fraction at 1 hour (100mg/kg) after strcptozotocin injection, and also serum glucose levels in groups of continuous administration of ginseng butanal fraction(100mg/kg) for 3 days after streptozotocin injection were markedly decreased than in group of single dose of ginseng butanol fraction. Ginseng butanol fraction has the protective and relieving action against streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.174-185
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of five fractions on cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Methods : This study employed MTT assay, Cell cycle analysis, Cpp32 protease assay, DNA fragmentation assay and Quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results : In MTT assay, the butanol fraction of Injinsaryung-San has showed magnificent viability, while the $H_2O$ fraction and ethylacetate fraction also showed higher viability than the control group. The $H_2O$ fraction of Injinsaryung-San has showed magnificent viability, and butanol fraction and ethylacetate fraction of Injinsaryung-San with etoposide have also showed higher viability than the only etoposide group. Cell cycle analysis showed that each fraction of Injinsaryung-San had no significant effect on the cell cycle. DNA fragmentation assay showed that the butanol fraction, $H_2O$ fraction and ethylacetate fraction carried inhibitory effects on apoptosis induction. Cpp32 protease activity assay showed that the butanol fraction, $H_2O$ fraction and ethylacetate fraction decreased Cpp32 protease activity, with the butanol fraction displaying greater effects. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the butanol fraction, $H_2O$ fraction and ethylacetate fraction suppressed Fas and Bax genes, the butanol fraction increased BcI-2 gene, however no effect on Cpp32. Conclusions : The data shows that the butanol fraction of Injinsaryung-San increases the hepatocyte viability and has the heptocelluar protective effect by the suppression of apoptosis through gene regulation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.331-335
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• 1997

In a preliminary screening of plant extracts for the antigastritic and antiulcer actions in rats, the methanol extracts of Taheebo showed positive activity in HCI . ethanol-induced gastric lesion. Among the systematic fractions of hexane, chloroform, butanol and water, the most potent $H_2O$ fraction reduced significantly HCI . ethanol-induced gastric lesion at the oral dose of 300 mg/kg. In pylorus ligated rats chloroform and butanol fraction showed decreases in the volume of gastric secretion and acid output of which effects were stronger in chloroform fraction. Further assays with hexane butanol and $H_2O$ fraction disclosed that it significantly suppressed the aspirin-induced ulcer. The butanol fraction reduced significantly acetic acid induced ulcer at the dose of 400 mg/kg. The butanol and $H_2O$ fraction reduced the malondialdehyde level in HCI . ethanol-induced gastric lesion. In pylorus ligated rats, chloroform and butanol fraction reduced the malondialdehyde level and in aspirin-induced ulcer, chloroform fraction reduced that levle. These results might suggest that the butanol and $H_2O$ fraction of Taheebo had inhibitory action in gastric lesion and ulceration through inhibition of gastric acid secretion and the decrease malondialdehyde level.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.167-170
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• 1991

Radiation protective fraction was Isolated and partially purified from Korean white ginseng. The effect of the fraction was studied on the cell survival of W-damaged CHO-Kl cells. As a result, it was found that the fraction increased the survival rate of damaged cells significantly within the dose range of which cytotoxicity did not appear This fraction was separated into two parts by adding butanol, namely the precipitated protein component and the butanol extract. Damaged cells were treated with each of these components and their survival rates were measured. The protein component demonstrated significant increase in the survival rates, while the butanol extract showed no such increment. These results suggest that the radiation protective effect of the ginseng fraction is originated from the butanol-precipitated protein component, not from the butanol-soluble compounds.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

From our previous result that Panax ginseng head extract had inhibition of gastric damages, the extract was fractionated. Among the hexane, chloroform, butanol and water fractions, butanol fraction Showed the most potent inhibition of HCl.ethanol-induced gastric lesion, aspirin-induced gastric ulcer, acetic acid-induced ulcer and Shay ulcer. Butanol fraction showed significant increase in mucin secretion, and inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA) and $H^{+}/K^{+}ATPase$ activity in the stomach. This results indicate that the effectiveness of the fraction on gastric damages might be related to inhibition of acid secretion, increment of mucin secretion and antioxidant property.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 1985

The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible effect of ginseng butanol fraction on the hepatic acetaldehyde metabolism. Experimental animals were used for the subject of the study. When, in case of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (Ald DH), ginseng butanol fraction was added, enzyme activity was increased in a small dose, while, in a large dose, it showed inhibitory effect. In terms of kinetic aspect, ginseng butanol fraction has the effect to decrease the Km values of Ald DH. In vivo studies, the activity of Aid DH increased by induction of acute intoxication of ethanol was further increased through pretreatment with ginseng butanol fraction. When ginseng butanol fraction was given to mice fed with 5% ethanol instead of water for 60 days, the activity of Ald DH in mitochondrial fraction decreased to about 35% in chronic alcoholism, but after pretreatment of ginseng butanol fraction the activity was restored to the control level. By the pretreatment with disulfiram, the Ald DH activity was inhibited in normal and alcohol-treated groups, but after the treatment with ginseng butanol fraction the activity was restored to the control level. The results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction enhance the Ald DH activity inhibited by the treatment of disulfiram with no relation to NAD. It was observed that ginseng butanol fraction markedly decrease the acetaldehyde levels in plasma and liver. All these observations suggested that reduction of acetaldehyde in blood and liver should be dependent upon increased activity of mitochonclrial Ald DH. It is concluded that the recovery from alcohol intoxication should be prompted by treatment with ginseng.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 1997

This study was carried out to develop antitumor effect of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens on (KB cells) human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. The cytotoxictty of methanollc extract of Perilla frutescens on KB cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay. The antitumor activity of various fractions obtained from n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens was evaluated in human oral epithelold carcinoma cells. The antitumor acavity of the n-butanol soluble fraction on human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells was evaluated by MTT assay of colorimetric method. The light microscopic study was carried out to observe morphological changes of cultured human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. These results were obtained as follows; 1. The fractions 1,2 and 3 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens were shown significant antitumor activities. 2. The number of human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells were decreased and tend to form cell cluster by treatment with fractions 1,2,3 and 4 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perilla frutescens. 3. The fraction 1 of the n-butanol soluble fraction of Perllla frutescens showed the highest antitumor activity on Perilla frutescens. It has been selected as a lead fraction for further examinations.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 1996

In a preliminary screening of plant extracts for the antigastritic and antiulcer actions in rats, the extracts of head of Panax ginseng Radix showed positive activity in HCl ethanol-induced gastric lesion. Among the systematic fractions of hexane, chloroform, butanol and water, the most potent butanol fraction reduced significantly HCl ethanol-induced gastric lesion at the oral dose of 500 mg/kg. In pylorus ligated rats, hexane and butanol fraction showed decreases in the volume of gastric secretion and acid output, of which effects were stronger in butanol fraction. Further assays with butanol fraction disclosed that it significantly suppressed the aspirin-induced and Shay ulcer. The butanol fraction at the intraduodenal dose of 500 mg/kg showed significant stimulation of mucus secretion.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.1 s.17
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• pp.7-13
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• 1975

In Chinese medicine, it is said that Aconiti tuber has cardiotonic, diuretic and analgesic effects. Kim et al reported that alkaloid free part of Aconiti tuber, $CHCI_3$ insoluble fraction, showed inotropic effect on isolated frog heart and inotropic effect is potenciated by n-butanol fractionation. To investigate the effect of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction on the mechanical and electrical properties of heart, change of active tension, excitability and refractory period of isolated rabbit atrium in the presence of butanol fraction were measured and the comparison with that of ouabain and quinidine was done. The observed results are as follows. 1. $5{\times}10^{-4}g/ml$ concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction showed approximately same effect with therapeutic concentration of ouabain on the increment of contractile force, and the effect of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$ was greater than that of $1{\times}10^{-5}g/ml$ of ouabain. 2. Acceleration of rate of contractile force increment in the presence of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction was greater than in ouabain, and the time to maximum tension was shorter in Aconiti tuber butanol fraction than in ouabain. 3. The excitability of isolated atrium was slightly increased at low concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction, while decreased at higher concentration. 4. Aconiti tuber butanol fraction slightly prolonged refractory period of isolated right atrium at the concentration of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 1985

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effect of ginseng butanol fraction on ethanol induced hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity in rat. Ginseng butanol fraction increased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is inhibited by ethanol addition in the enzyme assay system, whereas not shown the ginseng effect in ethanol absence condition in vitro. It was found that ginseng butanol fraction improved the affinity of aniline hydroxylase under presence of ethanol in the reaction mixture. On the contrary ginseng butanol fraction showed significant decreasing effect on aniline hydroxylase activity induced by ethanol administration. These results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction regulate the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is induced by ethanol consumption.