• Title/Summary/Keyword: bunker-C oil

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Emission Evaluation of Emulsion Fuel Prepared from Bunker C Oil (벙커 C유를 사용한 에멀젼 연료유의 배기가스 특성)

  • Lim, HeungKyoon;Lee, MyungJin;Chi, Gyeong-Yup;Lim, JongChoo
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.186-192
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    • 2017
  • In this study, water in oil (W/O) emulsion fuel was prepared with surfactant mixture of OIMS90 and NP12 by varying ratio of water to bunker-C oil, surfactant concentration and composition, emulsification time, stirring intensity, temperature and mixing time. Diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions were measured and analyzed with prepared emulsified fuel and compared with those measured using bunker Coil. The results indicated that bunker C emulsion fuel stabilized by surfactant mixture of OIMS90 and NP12 is efficient in reducing emissions of particulate matter, $NO_2$, CO, $CO_2$ and $SO_2$. The biggest reduction in exhaust emission was achieved by using emulsion fuel prepared by OIMS90/NP12 = 4 : 6, 500 ppm of total surfactant concentration and 10% water content at $80^{\circ}C$. Boiler efficiency test measured with emulsion fuel showed excellent energy efficiency compared with bunker C oil.

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine by Mixing DME and Bunker Oil

  • Ryu, Younghyun;Dan, Tomohisa
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.36 no.7
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    • pp.885-893
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    • 2012
  • DME (Dimethyl ether) is regarded as one of the candidates of alternative fuels for diesel engine, because of its higher cetane number suitable for a compression ignition engine. Also, DME is a simple chemical structure, colorless gas that is easily liquefied and transported. On the other hand, Bunker oil (JIS C heavy oil) has long been used as a basic fuel in marine diesel engines and is the lowest grade fuel oil. In this study, the combustion and emission characteristics were measured experimentally in the direct injection type diesel engine operated with DME and Bunker oil mixed fuel. From our experimental results, it is induced that DME and Bunker oil blended fuel would be an effective fuel which can reduces the concentration of harmful matter in exhaust gases.

Biodegradation of Bunker-C Oil by the Mixed Enrichment Culture of Marine Bacteria (혼합배양 해양세균에 의한 Bunker-C유의 생물분해)

  • PARK In-Sick;PARK Jung-Youn;SUH Kuen-Hack;HONG Yong-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.152-156
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    • 1987
  • A mixed population of marine bacteria was obtained to catalize the biodegradation of bunker-C fuel oil by means of the enrichment culture technique. Samples used for the enrichment culture were collected from sea water and sediments in the vicinity of Pusan, Chungmu, and Ulsan in Korea. As the biodegradation of bunker-C oil proceeded, the number of bacteria increased from $1.1\times10^6\;to\;8.7\times10^8$ cells per ml when pH was bufferized by 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer to 7.6, then oil dispersion increased to $OD^{540}$ 2.2 and approximately $48\%$ of the oil was biodegradated in 10 days. Oil dispersion was absolutely dependent on the addition of nitrogen and phosphate sources in sea water. High and low sulfur-containing bunker-C and crude oil could be dispersed similarly. Bunker-C oil was dispersed rapidly at the pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.0 and dispersed to the amount of 7.5 g per liter of sea water medium.

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Isolation and Characterization of Oil Degrading Bacteria from Southern Sea of Korea (남해안 해수로부터 원유 분해 세균의 분리 및 특성)

  • 김학주;김봉조;공재열;구헌서
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2000
  • A marine bacterium having a high oil-degrading activity was isolated form the oil-polluted southern sea of Korea, and was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was named Pseudomonas aeruginosa BYK-2. The optimal tmeperatur, culture time, pH and NaCl concentration for biosurfactant production and cell growth showed $25^{\circ}C$, 48h, 7.0 and 0%(w/v), respectively. After cultivation at $25^{\circ}C$, 180 rpm in 250 mL erlenmeyer flask for 7days, 1%(w/v) arabian light crude oil and bunker C oil which are considered to be hardly degradable compounds were degraded 92.1%(w/w) and 76%(w/w) respectively. And then, cell adherence was measured on various carbon sources. The cell adherence indicated over 80% on hydrocarbons(arabian light crude oil, kuwait curde oil, bunker C oil, n-paraffine, n-hexadecane, n-tetradecane) as carbon sources. Lecithin among fatty acids(oleic acid, olive oil, lecithin) showed highest cell adherence of 91.5%. The cell adherence of sugars(arabinose, trehalose, dextrose, galactose, lactose, fructose, maltose, sorbitol, sucrose) observed to be less than 70% except for arabinose, galactose, sorbitol and sucrose.

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Properties of Bunker-C Residual Oil (번커-C 重油의 性狀)

  • Hong Sung Taik
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.17-21
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    • 1967
  • For utilization of Bunker-C residual oil produced at KOCO., the auther tested the properties of vacuum fraction and blown asphalt, and as the result of it, (1) Vacuum fraction had so broad range of viscosity and high flash point that could be produced all kind of lublicating oil, but had to be dewaxed for high pour point, (2) Urea dewaxing was suitable to lighter fraction but not to heavier fraction, so, for heavier fraction, solvent dewaxing was needed. (3) Blown asphalt produced from vacuum residue had uniform relation between softening point and penetration in spite of broad change of blowing condition and adding of catalyst.

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The Estimation of heat transfer effect of Bunker C-oil Combustion by emulsified water addition (기술사 마당 - C-중유와 물의 에멀젼 연료화 장치의 효율예측)

  • Mun, Sung Su
    • Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.54-57
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    • 2012
  • Usually the combustion of Bunker-C oil limited in a special area and achieved certain clean air effect. Water added oil combustion has the ability enhance the effect by the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient. Every water adding step dedicated to reach an increase of the heat transfer effect. So, we can use this system and achieve reasonable energy consumption.

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Characterization of Bunker Oil-Related Compounds Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Pusan Coastal Waters (부산근해에서 분리한 Bunker Oil 관련화합물 분해세균의 특성)

  • Choi, Jin;Kim, Jong-Goo;Park, Geun-tae;Son, Hong-Joo;Kim, Hee-Gu;Lee, Sang-Joon
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.451-456
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    • 1999
  • Microorganisms utilizing petroleum as substrate were screened from the seawater in Pusan coastal area. Among them, fifty strains utilized bunker-A oil as a sole carbon and energy source. Five of these fifty strains were selected to experiment this study. According to the taxonomic characteristics of its morphological, cultural and biochemical properties, the selected stains were named Pseudomonas sp. EL-12, Flavobacterium sp. EL-15, Acinetobacter sp. EL-18, Enterobacter sp. EL-27 and Micrococcus sp. EL-43, respectively. The optimal medium compositions and cultural conditions for assimilation of bunker-A oil by the selected strains were 1.5-2% bunker-A oil, 0.1% $NH_4NO_3$, 1-1.5% $MgSO_4$.$7H_2O$, 0.05-0.15% KCl, 0.1-0.15% $CaCl_2$.$2H_2O$, 2.5-3.5% NaCl, initial pH 8-9, temperature 3$0^{\circ}C$ and aeration, respectively. The utilization and degradation characteristics on the various hydrocarbons by the selected stains were showed that bunker oil, n-alkane and branched alkane compounds were highly activity than cyclic alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.

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Remediation of Bunker Fuel Oil C Contaminated Soil with Microwave Radiation and Heating Elements (마이크로파 조사와 발열체를 이용한 벙커C유 오염토양의 복원)

  • Oh, Da-kyung;Lee, Tae-jin
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.37 no.8
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    • pp.458-464
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    • 2015
  • Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal and temperature variations in bunker fuel oil C contaminated soil were investigated by using microwave radiation in the presence of triiron oxide or activated carbon as a heating element. Temperature increments of $1.4{\sim}1.6^{\circ}C/Watt$ were observed, when 100~500 watt of microwave radiation was applied for the contaminated soil in the presence of triiron oxide or activated carbon. Temperature variation of the soil was more rapid in the presence of triiron oxide than activated carbon. 10% or 25% of heating element content was required to reach the temperature of thermal desorption for triiron oxide and activated carbon respectively. After radiation, 44.1% and 89.4% of initial TPH in soil was removed in the presence of triiron oxide and activated carbon respectively. It was observed that activated carbon was more reactive than triiron oxide for the removal of high molecular carbon of bunker fuel oil C.

Effects of stranded oils and dispersant clean-up on intertidal gastropods (유류오염과 유처리제를 이용한 전화작업이 조간대에 서식하는 고둥류에 미치는 영향)

  • 제종길;강성현
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.350-357
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    • 1991
  • An experimental approach was applied to test the effects of stranded oils and dispersant cleanup on marine gastropods, Nodilittorina exigua, littorina brevicula and Purpura clavigera. They were exposed to Labuan crude, Dubai crude and Bunker C fuel oil. Direct oil contact caused death of gastropods within 96 hours. N. exigua and L. brevicula were more sensitive than P. clavigera at the exposure of Bunker C fuel oil. Toxic effects of Bunker C oil was slower than crude oils. direct contact to concentrated dispersant killed gastropods, while clean-up with diluted dispersant still gave severe damage. P. clavigera could escape from dispersed crude oil below 250 ppm. Oiling and dispersant clean-up may have severe effects on marine gastropods by rendering them washed out to sea.

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A Study on the Nondimensional Analysis for the Recovery Rate of Oil Using a Belt Type Skimmer (벨트식 유회수기의 유회수율 데이터의 무차원화 과정에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon Kyunghwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.34-39
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    • 1999
  • Removal of spilled oil over the sea and the river has become one of the urgent problems in these days. Removing oil using mechanical devices by adhesion method is known to be closely related with the problem of estimating the thickness of film remaining on the surface of solid withdrawn from a quiescent liquid. In the present study a series of experimental results are compared with the analytic estimation for the thickness of film remaining on the solid surface using non-dimensional analysis. For the case of pure water both results show the remarkable agreement. However, discrepancy has been found for the case of Bunker C oil and diesel oil. The analytic estimation over-predicts the experimental value for the case of Bunker C oil and under-predicts it for the case of diesel oil. Further study is required to investigate the real situation including a contact angle and the property difference between oil and water.

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