• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2009

Embryogenic callus was obtained from bulb segments of Iris pseudacorus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with kinetin. When early globular somatic embryos were subcultured onto MS medium with $4.52{\mu}M$ 2,4-D, high frequency of somatic embryogenesis was obtained. Deprivation of 2,4-D was required for maturation. Mature somatic embryos had an elongated scutellum with a notch on the base of scutellum. Separation of embryos from embryo clusters was necessary to enhance the frequency of germination. Germination was stimulated by separation of embryos from embryo clusters and transfer onto fresh half-strength MS medium with 3% sucrose. After acclimation in artificial soil in greenhouse for 2 months, 96.4% of plantlets survived.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2007

Distributions of physiological inhibitors of a tau-type pumpkin glutathione S-transferase(CmGSTU3) have been investigated in different organs of pumpkin plants, including the onion bulb and water hyacinth root. Inhibitory effects were observed in alcoholic extracts of all plant parts, but the extracts prepared from the roots of either water hyacinth or pumpkin plant showed the highest effect on CmGSTU3 toward 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene(CDNB). Results of various chromatographies indicated that a number of inhibitory substances were present in the alcoholic extract of each plant organ. Some macromolecules in the plant extracts exhibited inhibitory effects; however, the extracts might contain a large number of unknown low-molecular-weight inhibitory substances. Some of the low-molecular-weight inhibitors in water hyacinth root extract showed characteristics fluoresce under UV light.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.996-1000
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• 2010

In order to apply VLC (visible light communication) in harsh environment of nuclear power plant in-containment building, the high luminance LEDs, which are key components of the VLC system, have been gamma irradiated at the dose rate of 4 kGy/h during 72 hours up to a total dose of 288 kGy. The radiation induced coloration effect in the high luminance LED bulb made of acryl or plastic material was observed. In the VLC wireless data transmission experiment using the high luminance LEDs irradiated by high dose rate gamma-ray, the radiation induced coloration effect of the high luminance LED bulb extended the communication distance compared to non-irradiated LEDs.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.537-540
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• 2008

'Honghwa' an Asiatic hybrid lily was released in 2001 at National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), and Suwon, Korea. The cross was made in 1994 between Lilium Asiatic 'Avignon', a scarlet red colored, and L. Asiatic 'Connecticut King', bright yellow colored. It was preliminarily selected as 'A96-3' in 1996. Multiplication and bulbing, and characteristic tests were performed from 1997 to 2000. The evaluation of characteristics was made investigated as 'Wongyo C1-31' in 2001 at Suwon. 'Honghwa' flowers at the beginning of June and grows to 111.4 cm stem length. Flowers are upward-facing, unspotted with orange petals. Year-round flowering is possible by storing the bulb at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. It is necessary to add calcium to the fertilizer or remove side scales to prevent leaf scorch. It is needed to control Botrytis disease during wet season.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2005

This experiment on intercropping system of Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ, using safflower, young radish, sesame, and periller as intercrops, had been carried out to increase the productivity of natural resources to the fullest and to use farm land most efficiently for 3 years from 2001 to 2003. Every intercrop could be grown up without any harmful effect on the growth of Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ. There was little difference in bulb yield plant of Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ. per among intercropping systems, but there was more bulb yield per the unit area in single cropping than in intercropping system. The income of cropping system containing Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ. was higher $45\%$ and $35\%$ in Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ.+young radish and Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ.+safflower+perilla than in Fritillaria thunbergii MIQ. mono-crop system respectively.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2007

Ethanolic extracts of twenty-one plant species were tested in vitro for their fungitoxic properties against leaf spot causing pathogen of mulberry Myrothecium roridum by poisoned food technique. Ethanolic extracts of twenty-plant spp. reduced mycelial growth of M. roridum significantly except E. pulcherrima. Highest inhibition of M. roridum colony growth observed in 10% extracts of E. citriodora (49.45%) followed by D. metel (39.45%), Chromolaena odoratum (25.56%) and A. sativum (25.00%). Among the concentration tested, 10% concentration was found significantly higher effective on reducing colony growth followed by 5 and 2.5%. Aqueous extract fresh leaves/bulb of seven short-listed plant spp. (inhibition>15% in ethanolic extracts) revealed that D. metel inhibited (23.43%) followed by E. citriodora (14.66%), C. odoratum (13.53%). On dry leaf extracts D. metel was found more effective than E. citriodora. The results indicated that D. metel, E. citriodora, C. odoratum and A. sativum having high fungitoxicity against M. roridum and ethanolic extract found more effective than aqueous extract.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2015

This study is conducted in order to select the varieties that can supplement problems related with organic cultivation of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.). 15 test varieties were selected considering rural preference, breeding line, breeding company, open-pollinated cultivar, F1 hybrid cultivar of either domestic or foreign products. Onion varieties were assessed in 5 criteria which are : growth of plants in low temperature, freezing injury resistance, resistance to physiological disorder such as bolting and doubled bulb, lodging index during harvest, and marketable yield. As a result, e-Joeun, Katamaru, Pop, Art, Singihan among F1 hybrid cultivars and Changnyeongdaego, Seouldaego, and Chunjujunggo among open-pollinated cultivars were selected as more suitable varieties for the organic cultivation. Although Sunpower cannot be selected in varieties those are suitable for organic cultivation, it showed excellent traits in the bulb characteristics. No significant differences were found between open-pollinated cultivar and F1 hybrid cultivar except growth of plants in low temperature (plant sheath diameter) and lodging index during harvest (May 24th). And no significant differences were recognized between domestic varieties and foreign varieties except missing plant ratio after wintering.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.29-33
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was carried out to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro propagation of Liliem cernum Komarov. Small bulblets were poliferated from callus explants after 2 weeks and leaf, root and bulb were formed after 4 weeks culture. Leaf differentiation was promoted vigorously by the combination of TDZ 0.1 mg/L and NAA 0.01 mg/L(87.5%). The rate of root differentiation was the greatest at BA 0.2 mg/L alone(81.8%). The rate of callus formation was the high in medium containing TDZ. The number of bulblets and leaves formed in bulb scales was the greatest at TDZ 0.1 mg/L(5.7). Also, the longest length of total length, leaf and root length were in Zeatin 1.0 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L(10.5 cm). However the longest bulblet was in TDZ 0.1 mg/L(1.4 cm).

• Plant Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.33-38
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• 2018

In this study, it was confirmed whether the cooling water bypass ratio of packing for plume abatement matched designed value during winter operation of combined cycle power plant. Designed operating wet bulb temperature of the plume abatement cooling tower with 29 Gcal/h capacity had a range from $13^{\circ}C$ to $-20^{\circ}C$, while its designed bypass ratio was from 0 % to 78%, so that increasing rate of the designed bypass ratio was $2.36%/^{\circ}C$ when the external temperature decreased. When the wet bulb temperature at cooling tower inlet had a range from $7.8^{\circ}C$ to $-11.8^{\circ}C$ in a normal operation, it was measured that actual bypass ratio of packing for plume abatement had a range from 23.8 % to 74.3%. While increasing rate of the actual bypass ratio was $2.71%/^{\circ}C$ in a range from $7.8^{\circ}C$ to $-9.55^{\circ}C$, it was $1.61%/^{\circ}C$ under $-10^{\circ}C$ in cold weather condition according to atmospheric temperature drop, therefore it was confirmed that the increasing rate of the bypass ratio for packing was lowered than its design.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.763-776
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• 2020

Onions show severe volatility in production and price because crop conditions highly depend on the weather. The government has designated onions as a sensitive agricultural product, and prepared various measures to stabilize the supply and demand. First of all, preemptive and reliable information on predicting onion production is essential to implement appropriate and effective measures. This study aims to contribute to improving the accuracy of production forecasting by developing a model to estimate the final weight of onions bulb. For the analysis, multi-level model is used to reflect the hierarchical data characteristics consisting of above-ground growth data in individual units and meteorological data in parcel units. The result shows that as the number of leaf, stem diameter, and plant height in early May increase, the bulb weight increases. The amount of precipitation as well as the number of days beyond a certain temperature inhibiting carbon assimilation have negative effects on bulb weight, However, the daily range of temperature and more precipitation near the harvest season are statistically significant as positive effects. Also, it is confirmed that the fitness and explanatory power of the model is improved by considering the interaction terms between level-1 and level-2 variables.