• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2014

종합건설사업관리 발주의 대형화, 복합화로 사업관리 비용산정을 위하여 보다 정확하고 신속한 기법이 요구되나, 대부분의 경우 사업비 추정을 위한 대가산정을 유사사례를 기준으로 사업관리비 산정을 추정함으로써 사업별 특성을 반영할 수 없으며, 사업관리비 산정에 대한 정확성도 떨어지고 그에 따른 정책 및 예산을 반영하기가 어려운 것이 사실이다. 따라서 종합사업관리의 사업비 추정을 위한 프로젝트 기준모델을 개발하여 프로젝트별 특성을 반영한 인자를 적용하여 사업관리 인력 및 비용 산정을 쉽게 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 종합사업관리용역 비용 산정을 위하여 기획단계에서 실시설계 입찰단계까지의 기본모델 작성에 대한 각 단계별 세부업무 패키지를 분류하고, 각 패키지의 상세 과업내용에 대한 분야별, 등급별 투입인력을 산정하여 보다 상세하고 객관적인 사업관리 비용을 산정하는 방법론에 대하여 연구하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과물은 발주자와 사업관리 용역업자 간의 분쟁을 사전에 예방할 수 있으며, 발주자 입장에서는 투명한 사업관리용역 비용산정이 가능해지고, 용역업자 입장에서는 업무성과에 대한 합리적인 대가를 지급받을 수 있는 근거를 제시할 수 있을 것이라고 기대한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.693-697
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• 2010

Biomass expansion factors that convert the timber volume (or dry weight) to biomass are used to estimate the forest biomass and account for the carbon budget on a national and regional scale. This study estimated the biomass conversion and expansion factors (BCEF), root to shoot ratio (R), biomass expansion factors (BEF) and ecosystem biomass expansion factor (EBEF) of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forests based on direct field surveys and publications in Korea. The mean BCEF, BEF, and R was 0.6438 Mg $m^{-3}$ (n = 7, SD = 0.1286), 1.6380 (n = 27, SD = 0.1830), and 0.2653 (n = 14, SD = 0.0698), respectively. The mean EBEF, which is a simple method for estimating the understory biomass in Korean pine forest ecosystems, was 1.0218 (n = 6, SD = 0.0090). The values of the biomass expansion factors in this study estimated the Korean pine forest biomass with more precision than the default values given by the IPCC (2003, 2006).

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.51-68
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• 2015

As interests in the quality of data in database systems are growing recently, analysis and improvement of data quality in databases have been an important issue. However, there has yet to be a clear agreement on how to reasonably calculate the total cost of such project. In this paper, based on real project data and budget statistics, we develop a model to estimate the cost for quality analysis and improvement project of a database. We first conduct statistical analysis to build our basic model. Throughout this analysis, we have identified factors that determine the scale of works required to conduct the project and eventually determine the cost. In addition, we have identified factors that determine the complexity of the project. These factors can adjusts the cost determined by the scale of works. Our model is verified and improved by surveys on experts. We apply our model to newly conducted projects and observe that our model estimates the cost of each project reasonably well.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2007

This study is designed to estimate an appropriate level of patient's cost-sharing for oriental medical services in the Korean National Health Insurance. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The current co-payment system for oriental medical services does not reflect its cost structure in clinical practice due to inconsistency of cost-sharing plan in the NHI. 2) Both oriental medical institutions and their patients, as a result, are at a relative disadvantage in financial burden, compared with other services. 3) The substantial proportion of patients' cost-sharing depends on the amount of co-payment and the range of medical cost that a flat rate is applied to. 4) The extension of the range doesn't make any substantial decrease in patient's cost-sharing. 5) The fixed amount of co-payment is more sensitive than a range to total variations of patient's cost-sharing. Based on the above, the budget impacts of a new co-payment system were estimated for each co-insurance rate, according to given scenarios. The results range from -59 billion Won (-8.5%) to 16 billion Won(2.3%).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.457-465
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to review the operation systems and estimate the food cost of the dining room(進士食堂) in Sungkyunkwan, the highest national education institute of confucianism in the Chosun dynasty. ${\ulcorner}$the true records of the Chosun dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄)$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$Taehak-Ji(太學志)$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$Banjungjabyoung(泮中雜詠)$\lrcorner$were reviewed. Because the foodservices for the students were related to the Wonjeom(圓點) regulation, the qualification for the national examination(大科), Chosun dynasty government took the much considerations for the operation of the foodservice. Especially, YangHyunGo(養賢庫) was established to support the finances for Sungkyunkwan and took an important role to procure all the supplies including food. The budget of the foodservice was on a large scale. Over 960 suks(石) of rices were needed for the 200 students, and it can be converted as 276,480,000 won for the current price and the food cost per meal can be estimated about $4,000{\sim}5,000$ won.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2004

The software reliability growth model(SRGM) has been developed in order to estimate such reliability measures as remaining fault number, failure rate and reliability for the developing stage software. Almost of them assumed that the faults detected during testing were evetually removed. Namely, they have studied SRGM based on the assumption that the faults detected during testing were perfectly removed. The fault removing efficiency. however. IS imperfect and it is widely known as so in general. It is very difficult to remove detected fault perfectly because the fault detecting is not easy and new error may be introduced during debugging and correcting. Therefore, the fault detecting efficiency may influence the SRGM or cost of developing software. It is a very useful measure for the developing software. much helpful for the developer to evaluate the debugging efficiency, and, moreover, help to additional workloads necessary. Therefore. it is very important to evaluate the effect of imperfect dubugging in point of SRGM and cost. and may influence the optimal release time and operational budget. I extent and study the generally used reliability and cost models to the imperfect debugging range in this paper.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2016

The main objective of this research was to estimate the total mass of nitrogen discharged from various sources in paddy field area of South Korea in 2010 and 2013. Input and output budgets for nitrogen were estimated by mass balance approach. The mass balance approach reduces the effect of flow variations, and the large scale approach minimizes local effects, resulting in easier and faster establishment of strategy for nonpoint pollution problems. Nitrogen inputs were chemical fertilizer, compost, atmospheric deposition, biological fixation, and agricultural water, while crop uptake, denitrification, volatilization, and infiltration were nitrogen outputs. The estimated total nitrogen inputs for paddy field in South Korea were $266,211ton\;yr^{-1}$, $260,729ton\;yr^{-1}$, while those of total nitrogen outputs were $168,463ton\;yr^{-1}$, $164,994ton\;yr^{-1}$ in 2010 and 2013, respectively. Annual amounts of potential nitrogen outflow from paddy field were $97,748ton\;yr^{-1}$, $95,735ton\;yr^{-1}$ in 2010 and 2013. Also, annual rate of potential nitrogen outflow were 36.7%, 36.7% in 2010 and 2013, respectively.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.356-366
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• 2007

In this paper a methodology is developed to prioritize replacement of water distribution pipes according to the economical efficiency of replacement and assess the long-term effects of water main replacement policies on water distribution systems. The methodology is implemented with MATLAB to develop a computer algorithm which is used to apply the methodology to a case study water distribution system. A pipe break prediction model is used to estimate future costs of pipe repair and replacement, and the economically optimal replacement time of a pipe is estimated by obtaining the time at which the present worth of the total costs of repair and replacement is minimum. The equation for estimating the present worth of the total cost is modified to reflect the fact that a pipe can be replaced in between of failure events. The results of the analyses show that about 9.5% of the pipes in the case study system is required to be replaced within the planning horizon. Analyses of the yearly pipe replacement requirements for the case study system are provided along with the compositions of the replacement. The effects of water main replacement policies, for which yearly replacement length scenario and yearly replacement budget scenario are used, during a planning horizon are simulated in terms of the predicted number of pipe failures and the saved repair costs.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.383-387
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• 2003

현재 국내 건설산업에서의 공정계획은 합리적인 사전계획 없이 현장기술자의 경험과 능력에 따라 계약공기에 맞추는 방식으로 추진되고 있다. 또한 공정계획의 핵심인 광기산정은 업체마다 서로 차이를 보이고 있어 객관적인 공기산정이라고 할 수 없는 실정이다. 이러한 공정계획의 부실은 공정계획 현장 적응 시 공기 및 작업순서의 차이를 발생시켜 효과적인 공정관리가 이루어지지 못하는 원인이 되고 있으며, 다양한 공기지연 사유가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 제조업에서 적용중인 제약이론 기반의 CCPM(Critical Chain Project Management)의 확률적 공기산정과 공정버퍼의 개념을 건설 프로젝트에 적용하여 합리적인 공정계획 수립 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2004

This study aims at the development of a cost management system in building interior projects. Renovation and remodeling is activated and expanded much more being compared with new building construction at present. After Interior project proceeding must get out of simple estimate and assumption, then its be needed a formal work process and computerized cost management. Proceeding a building interior project management was proceed in the office and the field. Cost break down, especially, depend on the field manger and used fiend managing money because its not checked by cost manager in office manger. For this study, cost factors are defined in terms of cost break-down interior works which consist of materials and labors. A data model for cost factors was developed, and a relational database is used to realize cost data management based upon this data model. Data input and output are achieved by internet from both of wired PC and mobile phone. This system can timely display a number of needed reports for cost management that identifies cash flow and predicts budget for cost break-down works in interior projects.