• Mycobiology
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.343-346
• /
• 2015

In 2006~2010, leaf spot symptoms, that is, small, yellow spots that turned into dark brown-to-black lesions surrounded by a yellow halo, were observed on Cymbidium spp. in Gongju, Taean, and Gapyeong in Korea. A Fusarium species was continuously isolated from symptomatic leaves; in pathogenicity testing, isolates caused leaf spot symptoms consisting of sunken, dark brown lesions similar to the original ones. The causal pathogen was identified as Fusarium subglutinans based on morphological and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequence analyses. This is the first report of F. subglutinans as the cause of leaf spot disease in Cymbidium spp. in Korea.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.60-63
• /
• 2023

During disease surveys from 2019 to 2021, the authors frequently encountered leaf spot symptoms on Fischer's ragwort plants growing at fields at six locations of Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms displayed brown to dark brown, circular or irregular spots on the plant leaves. The disease surveys at the six locations revealed 1-90% of diseased leaves of the plants. Phoma sp. was dominantly isolated from the diseased leaf lesions. Seven single-spore isolates of the fungus were selected and identified as Didymella ligulariae by investigation of their cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics. Artificial inoculation test to Fischer's ragwort leaves was conducted with three isolates of D. ligulariae. The inoculation test revealed that the tested isolates cause leaf spot symptoms in the plants similar to the natural ones. The fungal pathogen has never been reported to cause leaf spot in Fischer's ragwort. Leaf spot of Fischer's ragwort caused by D. ligulariae is first reported in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.367-372
• /
• 2022

Leaf spot symptoms were observed in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) plants growing in fields in Ansan and Hongseong, Korea, during disease surveys in 2019 and 2020. The symptoms appeared as brown to dark brown circular or irregular spots on the leaves of the plants. The disease incidence on the plant leaves in the fields investigated at the two locations ranged from 1% to 20%. Five single-spore isolates of Phoma sp. Were obtained from lesions of the diseased leaves. All the isolates were identified as Ectophoma multirostrata based on their cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as molecular analysis. Two isolates of E. multirostrata were tested for pathogenicity on water spinach leaves using artificial inoculation. The tested isolates caused leaf spot symptoms in the inoculated plants. These symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the investigated fields. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. multirostrata causing leaf spot in water spinach.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.383-385
• /
• 1995

Occurrence of white scab of tea (CAmellia sinensis) showing numerous, small, circular, reddish or yellowish brown spots on young tea leaves was observed at a tea plantation of Boseung, Chonnam, from May to June in 1992-1994. At the late growth stages, the center of the spot became light gray. The causal fungus of the white scab was identified as Sphaceloma theae Kurosawa. Symptoms were produced 5∼6 days after inoculation by the artificial inoculation of s. theae conidia, which was similar to those on naturally infected leaves.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.340-342
• /
• 2010

One specimen of Epinephelus areolatus, belonging to the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae, was collected by a hook from commercial longline fisheries in the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea. This species is mostly similar to E. chlorostigma, but the former is distinguished from the latter by having larger brown spots and a white posterior margin on the caudal fin. We propose a new Korean name "Dae-moon-ba-ri" for E. areolatus.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.545-547
• /
• 1998

Scab disease of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seemann occurred severely in Kangwon province, Korea. First, brown spots were formed on leaves and enlarged along vein. The infected leaves including petiole and midrib were twisted forming scab and died eventually. Also the disease infected twigs and trunks of the tree forming scab. Conidia, ascospores and asci developed in locule were observed in the infected tissue. The causal organism of the scab disease of Araliae elata was isolated and identified as Elsinoe araliae Yamamoto (imperfect stage: Sphaceloma araliae Jenkins) based on the morphological and cultural characteristics, and pathogenic test.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.26-28
• /
• 1995

Anthracnose of tea tree, Camellia sinensis, occurred severely at tea plantation of Boseung, Chonnam. Irregular, dark brown spots appeared on tips and margins of mature leaves in early stage. As the disease progresses, the lesions were covered with numerous, small, black, slightly raised pustules (acervuli). The causal fungus of anthracnose was identified as Colletotrichum theae-sinensis (Miyake) Yamamoto. Symptoms by C. theae-sinensis appeared around 20 days after artificial inoculation.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2010

Melasma is a common disorder that causes dark colored patches. It generally causes brown spots on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks, and upper lips. The pattern of patches has bilateral symmetry in yellowish-brown to gray-brown colors. It is much more common in women than in men. Melasma is considered to be caused by environmental and physical constitutional factors and often occurs when a woman's hormone changes by pregnancy or the use of oral contraceptive pills. It is important to combine oriental medicine and Sasang constitutional medicine for treatment of Melasma. Normal treatment of Melasma includes warming oneself, removal of the emotional stress factors, and good nutrition.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 1984

As a series of studies to clarify clonorchicidal substances in body surface mucus of some freshwater fishes, the substance in the epidermal mucus of Cyprinus carpio was isolated by silica gel column and thin layer chromatography and analysed for its chemical nature. Wormicidal trial was done in vitro, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: The mucus was extracted by ethyl ether and separated into 4 fractions by column chromatography using benzene as solvent. The second fraction with yellowish red colour among them showed the strongest clonorchicidal effect. The yellowish red fraction obtained by column chromatography was then fractionated into 6 spots by thin layer chromatography with petrol/ etherjchloroform (30/70, v/v), and the Rf. 0.714 spot among the 6 spots showed the strongest effect. The Rf. 0.714 spot was further fractionated into 6 spots by thin layer chromatography with benzene/acetone (90/10, vlv), and the Rf. 0.800 spot among the later 6 spots revealed the strongest effect. The Rf. 0.800 spot was chromatographed on column with benzene and 2 fractions were obtained. The second fraction of light brown colour represented the final purified fraction. By these Purification Procedures, clonorchicidal substance was Purified 15-fold with 0.035 yield from the mucus of C. carpio, and 10mg of the final fraction killed the cercaria in 26 min, the metacercaria in 115 min, and the adult in 443 min. Infra red and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometric analysis of the purified substance revealed that the substance belongs to an ethyl ester of unsaturated fatty acid with 2 double bonds, 15 methylene groups and 1 methyl group.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.125-127
• /
• 2003

Rust disease was occurred on Iris in several farmer's fields fields located in Hoehwa-myon, Goseong-gun, Gyeong-nam province in Korea. The typical symptoms of the disease appeared first as small, yellowish spot on leaves. The spots then turn brown, their edges rised slightly, and powdery mass of yellowish brown spores revealed on the lesions. Severely infected leaves were blighted and eventually died. Urediniospores were yellowish brown to reddish brown in color, obobid to obovoid in shape and 22~30 ${\times}$ 21~25${\mu}m$m in size. Teliospores were chestnet-brown in color, oblong or clavate in shape and 32~54 ${\times}$ 12~22${\mu}m$ in size. The causal fungus was identified as Puccinia iridis, based on morphological characteristics. This is the first report on the rust of Iris nertschinskia by Puccinia iridis in Korea.