• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2020

The descendants of Jang, Chang-woo(張昌雨) reconstructed the Mangwijung (晩歸亭), which is currently located at Seha-dong, Seo-gu, Gangju Metropolitan City, in the context of succeeding the work of their ancestor. This study investigated the management viewpoint of Mangwijung that has been altered in going through the reconstruction and repairs processes, and examined the chronological history for a landscape of the Mangwijung Garden. First, in the Mangwijung Garden, three gazebos such as Mangwijung, Seubhyanggag(襲香閣) and Mukamjeongsa(墨庵精舍) stand in a row with three bridges between each of them in the middle of a wide pond. This is a group of gazebos that is a quite unique structure. Second, Hyowoodang(孝友堂) Jang, Chang-woo (張昌雨) built Mangwijung as a role of thatched cottage in order to teach younger students and enjoy the arts in his later life. The Mangwijung was reconstructed by the descendants of Jang, Chang-woo at the collapsed place later on in order to commemorate the achievements of their ancestor. By the way, it was revealed that the management of Mangwijung has been altered during the process of reconstruction. Third, when comparing the current appearance with those depicted in the 8 scenic views(八景) by Jang, Chang-woo and the literary works of his descendants, it was confirmed that the landscape and shape of the pond were damaged due to a road expansion caused by a construction of Seubhyanggag and Mukamjeongsa as well as an advancement of the city. Fourth, it is speculated that the pond of Mangwijung Garden is probably a spring not a reservoir to store the water stream that flows in.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.5D
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• pp.507-517
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study is to address flooding resilient land use management strategy based on the distributional characteristics of storm damage areas in Gyeonggi-do. The employed methods are 1) Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) to understand the spatial patterns of storm damage areas occurred from 2005 to 2009, 2) Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) to examine spatial autocorrelation existed in storm damage areas for the year of 2009. The results show that 1) crop land damage is very sensitive to heavy precipitation, 2) damaged buildings are found in all over the Gyeonggi areas, but relatively more damages are in the regions closed to the City of Seoul, 3) damaged roads-bridges, streams, and reaches are found in mostly rural areas, 4) building and crop land damage occurs mostly in lowlands with different spatial patterns. These findings imply that 1) it will be useful to consider the average distances and slopes of damaged building and crop lands from streams for the decision making of land use management strategy, 2) further management efforts are required in the north, east, and south regions of Gyeonggi areas to prevent roads-bridge, stream, and reach damages, 3) the present land use pattern needs to be carefully investigated by considering the damage clustered areas for the year of 2009 based on watershed and municipality boundaries.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.38-46
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• 2014

The Global's top five Design Firms selected from BauNetz a German architectural magazine in 2007 designed free form building design which was 25% of the overall design by 2006-2010. Free form building is a landmark of the city and the country so its social and economic impacts are very large. In case of Korea, free form buildings such as Tribowl in Incheon, KINTEX Exhibition hall 2 and Dongdaemun Design Plaza have increased. However, those the increase in design trends and, the needs due to the lack of free form building design and construction management experience, free form building projects can't be expected to profitability and have a number of problems after completion. Especially, there are many excessive quality problems and the rising cost due to design changes frequently and lack of experience and data. Thus an initial plan regardless of considering of free form building's characteristics can be a huge risk because of the difference with the plan and actual projects, yet there aren't free form building project's performance data and case studies related to productivity. In this study, through selection of low-construction productivity works and an analysis of the work process and productivity data, hope to propose an actual field productivity of free form building and the ways to improve productivity.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Recently, localized heavy rainfall has led to increasing flood damage in urban areas such as Gangnam, Seoul ('12), Busan ('13), Ulsan ('16) Incheon and Busan ('17) etc. Urban flooding occurs relatively rapidly compared to flood damage in river basin, and property damage including damage to houses, cars and shopping centers is more serious than facility damage to structures such as levees and small bridges. In Korea, heavy rain warnings are currently announced using the criteria set by KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). However, these criteria do not reflect regional characteristics and are not suitable to urban flood. So in this study, estimated the flooding limit rainfall amount based on the damage records for Seoul and Ulsan. And for regions that can not estimate the flooding limit rainfall since there is no damage records, we estimated the flooding limit rainfall using a Neuro-Fuzzy model with runoff characteristics. Based on the estimated flooding limit rainfall, the urban flood warning criteria was set. and applied to the actual flood event. As a result of comparing the estimated flooding limit rainfall with the actual flooding limit rainfall, the error of 1.8~20.4% occurred. And evacuation time was analyzed from a minimum of 28 minutes to a maximum of 70 minutes. Therefore, it can be used as a warning criteria in the urban flood.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.533-542
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• 2016

The periodic maintenance of bridges is necessary once they have been constructed and its cost depends on various factors, such as their condition, environmental conditions and so on. To make a decision support system, it is essential to establish a basic reconstruction cost model. In this study, a regression model is suggested for calculating the reconstruction cost for typical cases and influential factors, depending on the type of bridge and its components, by analyzing the basic bridge specifications based on the data of the Bridge Management System (BMS). The details for each case were estimated in consideration of the cost calculation variables. The details for each case were estimated in consideration of the cost calculation variables. The cost model for the new construction of the superstructure, substructure and foundation and the temporary bridge construction and demolition costs were drawn from the regression analysis of the estimation results of typical cases according to the cost calculation variables. The reconstruction costs for different types of bridge were obtained using the cost model and compared with those in the literature. The cost model developed herein is expected to be utilized effectively in maintenance decision making.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.260-264
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• 2006

Talaromyces flavus mediates the transmission of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) to several host plants. The ASGV-F carried by T.flavus was partially purified from the fungus. Based on sequence analysis and homology searches, this is closely related to other ASGV strains isolated from host plants. The partially purified viral coat protein (CP) was separated on a 12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel and analyzed by Western blotting with an ASGV anti-serum. A single band at 28 kDa reacted with the ASGV anti-serum. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF-l showed conserved domains, including an NTP-binding helicase motif, GFAGSGKT. The amino acid sequences of the helicase and CP showed strong homology to other ASGV strains (98%). All ASGV isolated from plants and fungi had salt bridges composed of the CP and the GFAGSGKT motif of the helicase, which are commonly conserved in plant viruses. These results suggest that ASGV-F is one of ASGV strains isolated from T.flavus based on sequence similarity as well as the serological analysis of CP.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.363-377
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• 2018

The proper functioning of critical points on transport infrastructure is decisive for the entire network. Tunnels and bridges certainly belong to the critical points of the surface transport network, both road and rail. Risk management should be a holistic and dynamic process throughout the entire life cycle. However, the level of risk is usually determined only during the design stage mainly due to the fact that it is a time-consuming and costly process. This paper presents a simplified quantitative risk analysis method that can be used any time during the decades of a tunnel's lifetime and can estimate the changing risks on a continuous basis and thus uncover hidden safety threats. The presented method is a decision support system for tunnel managers designed to preserve or even increase tunnel safety. The CAPITA method is a deterministic scenario-oriented risk analysis approach for assessment of mortality risks in road tunnels in case of the most dangerous situation - a fire. It is implemented through an advanced risk analysis CAPITA SW. Both, the method as well as the resulting software were developed by the authors' team. Unlike existing analyzes requiring specialized microsimulation tools for traffic flow, smoke propagation and evacuation modeling, the CAPITA contains comprehensive database with the results of thousands of simulations performed in advance for various combinations of variables. This approach significantly simplifies the overall complexity and thus enhances the usability of the resulting risk analysis. Additionally, it provides the decision makers with holistic view by providing not only on the expected risk but also on the risk's sensitivity to different variables. This allows the tunnel manager or another decision maker to estimate the primary change of risk whenever traffic conditions in the tunnel change and to see the dependencies to particular input variables.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.290-293
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• 2015

Recently, a lot of interest has been shown in structural maintenance managements of civil infrastructures. Many researchers have been conducted on various maintenance techniques and repair materials. Among other fiber materials the carbon fiber materials are especially focused on maintenance management of Highway Bridges. Extensive work has been done on Carbon Fiber Sheet (CFS). Nevertheless, Carbon Fiber Strand Sheet (CFSS) is a newly developed material, on which limited work has been done until now. Therefore, in this study bonding the CFSS to RC slab specimen and fatigue resistance evaluation has been conducted. The results demonstrated an increase of 25.3 times more reinforcement of RC slab compared to non-reinforced RC slab. Moreover, compared to CFS-bonded RC slab, The CFSS-bonded RC slab showed 1.2 times greater reinforcement.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2014

The construction of roads, tunnels, and bridges results in changes to the local terrain that may influence the ground safety factor, which represents the stability of geotechnical structures. In this study, we assessed construction sites that had collapsed as a result of terrain change, and then simulated variation in the ground safety factor with respect to terrain change caused by road construction. We assumed steep slopes to simulate changes in terrain in a mountainous area and assumed that earthworks took place for road construction by cutting a platform into the slope and altering the slope angle of the terrain both above and below the road. We calculated values of the ground safety factor through a stability analysis of the slope both above and below the road, and examined the variation in the safety factor of the above- and below-road slopes with respect to changes in road width. We found that if the slope angle was the same above and below the road, then the change in the ground safety factor during/after road construction occurred in the slope below the road, and if the slope angle above the road differed from that below, then the change occurred in both the above- and below-road slopes. Furthermore, the ground safety factor was essentially constant for road widths exceeding 2-6 m, depending on both above- and below-road slope angle. The findings of this study can be used to guide the management of construction sites and to assess changes in ground stability during road construction work, particularly in the early stages of earthworks, when the road width is narrow.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2008

Recently, large scale natural disasters such as floods and typhoons due to climate change have been occurring all over the world causing severe damages. Among the various efforts to reduce and recover damages, recently, advanced information technology and remote sensing techniques are applied in disaster management. In this study, a real-time automated damage estimation system using information technology and spatial imagery was developed to accomplish prompt and accurate disaster damage estimation. This system is able to estimate the damage amounts of public facilities such as roads, rivers, bridges automatically through spatial imageries including ground based digital images, aerial photos, satellite images of disaster sites. Based on these spatial imageries, the damage amounts are analyzed in the Web-GIS based analysis system. Consequently, the digital damage reports such as digital disaster information sheets and damage maps can be made promptly and accurately. This system can be a useful tool to carry out prompt disaster damage estimation and efficient disaster recovery.