• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 The Third Asian Fuzzy Systems Symposium
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• pp.489-494
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• 1998

This paper describes a design of graphical user interface for a simulated breeding tool with multifield. The term field is used here as a population of visualized individuals that are candidates of selection. Multi-field interface enables the user to breed his/her favorite phenotypes by selection independently in each field, and he/she can copy arbitrary individual into another field. As known on genetic algorithms, a small population likely leads to premature convergence trapped by a local optimum, and migration among plural populations is useful to escape from local optimum. The multi-field user interface provides easy implementation of migration and wider diversity. We show the usefulness of multi-field user interface through an example of a breeding system of 2D CG images.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1508-1516
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• 2023

Objective: To carry out a comprehensive production planning of the existing Rongchang pig population from both environmental and genetic aspects, and to establish a closed population with stable genetic diversity and strict pathogen control, it is necessary to fully understand the genetic background of the population. Methods: We genotyped 54 specific pathogen free (SPF) Rongchang pigs using the Zhongxin-1 Porcine Breeding Array PLUS, calculated their genetic diversity parameters and constructed their families. In addition, we also counted the runs of homozygosity (ROH) of each individual and calculated the value of inbreeding coefficient based on ROH for each individual. Results: Firstly, the results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the effective population size (N_e) of this population was 3.2, proportion of polymorphic markers (P_N) was 0.515, desired heterozygosity (H_e) and observed heterozygosity (H_o) were 0.315 and 0.335. H_o was higher than H_e, indicating that the heterozygosity of all the selected loci was high. Secondly, combining the results of genomic relatedness analysis and cluster analysis, it was found that the existing Rongchang pig population could be divided into four families. Finally, we also counted the ROH of each individual and calculated the inbreeding coefficient value accordingly, whose mean value was 0.09. Conclusion: Due to the limitation of population size and other factors, the genetic diversity of this Rongchang pig population is low. The results of this study can provide basic data to support the development of Rongchang pig breeding program, the establishment of SPF Rongchang pig closed herd and its experimental utilization.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.772-779
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• 2013

Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plays an important role in genomic selection and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, the pattern of LD and effective population size ($N_e$) were investigated in Chinese beef Simmental cattle. A total of 640 bulls were genotyped with IlluminaBovinSNP50BeadChip and IlluminaBovinHDBeadChip. We estimated LD for each autosomal chromosome at the distance between two random SNPs of <0 to 25 kb, 25 to 50 kb, 50 to 100 kb, 100 to 500 kb, 0.5 to 1 Mb, 1 to 5 Mb and 5 to 10 Mb. The mean values of $r^2$ were 0.30, 0.16 and 0.08, when the separation between SNPs ranged from 0 to 25 kb to 50 to 100 kb and then to 0.5 to 1 Mb, respectively. The LD estimates decreased as the distance increased in SNP pairs, and increased with the increase of minor allelic frequency (MAF) and with the decrease of sample sizes. Estimates of effective population size for Chinese beef Simmental cattle decreased in the past generations and $N_e$ was 73 at five generations ago.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.622-626
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• 2006

Molecular characterization of Hallikar, the native cattle breed of Karnataka, was undertaken using 19 cattle specific, highly polymorphic microsatellite markers recommended by FAO. The genomic DNA was subjected to PCR amplification and alleles were resolved through six per cent denaturing PAGE with a 10 bp DNA ladder followed by silver staining. Genotyping of animals was done based on allele size. The number of alleles ranged from three to nine with allele sizes ranging from 102 bp to 294 bp. These alleles were distributed in the frequency range between 0.0306 and 0.8673 in the population. The mean observed number of alleles was $6.368{\pm}1.4225$. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were $0.7515{\pm}0.1734$ and $0.7850{\pm}0.1381$, respectively. The high heterozygosity observed implies presence of higher genetic variability within Hallikar breed. The PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) values ranged from 0.2322 (ETH152) to 0.8654 (ETH225). The percentage of polymorphic loci obtained was 100 as all the 19 microsatellite markers were found to be polymorphic. Except for ETH152, all the other loci had high PIC values, indicating that these markers are highly informative for characterization of Hallikar breed. The population was tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at 19 microsatellite loci, and at 74 per cent of the loci the population was found to be in disequilibrium.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

Eighteen new polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the Korean mi-iuy croaker ($Miichthys$ $miiuy$, Perciformes, Sciaenidae), and allelic variability was compared between a wild population in Mokpo, Korea, and a hatchery population in Tongyeong, Korea. All loci were amplified readily and demonstrated allelic variability, with the number of alleles ranging from 5 to 37 in the wild population, and from 4 to 12 in the farmed population. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were estimated, respectively, to be 0.74 and 0.78 in the hatchery population samples, and 0.79 and 0.86 in the wild samples. These results indicate lower genetic variability in the hatchery population compared with the wild population, and significant genetic differentiation between the wild population and the hatchery samples ($F_{ST}$=0.058, P<0.001). These microsatellite loci may be valuable for future population genetic studies, monitoring changes in the genetic variation within stocks in a commercial breeding program, conservation genetics, and molecular assisted selective breeding of the mi-iuy croaker in the future.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.720-734
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• 2023

In Korea, Korea Proven Bulls (KPN) program has been well-developed. Breeding and evaluation of cows are also an essential factor to increase earnings and genetic gain. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cow breeding value by using three methods (pedigree index [PI], pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction [PBLUP], and genomic-BLUP [GBLUP]). The reference population (n = 16,971) was used to estimate breeding values for 481 females as a test population. The accuracy of GBLUP was 0.63, 0.66, 0.62 and 0.63 for carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back-fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS), respectively. As for the PBLUP method, accuracy of prediction was 0.43 for CWT, 0.45 for EMA, 0.43 for MS, and 0.44 for BFT. Accuracy of PI method was the lowest (0.28 to 0.29 for carcass traits). The increase by approximate 20% in accuracy of GBLUP method than other methods could be because genomic information may explain Mendelian sampling error that pedigree information cannot detect. Bias can cause reducing accuracy of estimated breeding value (EBV) for selected animals. Regression coefficient between true breeding value (TBV) and GBLUP EBV, PBLUP EBV, and PI EBV were 0.78, 0.625, and 0.35, respectively for CWT. This showed that genomic EBV (GEBV) is less biased than PBLUP and PI EBV in this study. In addition, number of effective chromosome segments (M_e) statistic that indicates the independent loci is one of the important factors affecting the accuracy of BLUP. The correlation between M_e and the accuracy of GBLUP is related to the genetic relationship between reference and test population. The correlations between M_e and accuracy were -0.74 in CWT, -0.75 in EMA, -0.73 in MS, and -0.75 in BF, which were strongly negative. These results proved that the estimation of genetic ability using genomic data is the most effective, and the smaller the M_e, the higher the accuracy of EBV.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.939-945
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• 2003

Seventeen Chinese indigenous pig breeds and three introduced pig breeds had been carried out by means of vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). According to the results, eight serum protein loci were highly polymorphic except Pi-2 and Cp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of Hpx was the highest (0.5268), while that of Cp was the lowest (0.0257). The population genetic variation index showed that about 84% genetic variation existed in the population, and the rest of 16% distributed between the populations. The genetic variation of Yimeng black pig and Duroc were the highest and the lowest, respectively. The genetic variation of Chinese indigenous pig breeds was much more than that of exotic groups. Genetic distance results showed that Chinese indigenous pig breeds were classified into four groups with the three introduced pig breeds clustered into another group. The results also supported the geographic distribution of Chinese indigenous pig breeds in certain extent.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2014

멸종위기야생생물 II급이며 한국고유종인 묵납자루 Acheilognathus signifer를 대상으로 2011년과 2013년 4~6월 동안 산란숙주로 곳체두드럭조개를 선호하는 충북 괴산군 청천면 달천 일대 (괴산집단)와 작은말조개를 이용하는 충북 단양군 어상천면 가대천 일대(단양집단)에서 조개 내 산란양상을 조사하였다. 괴산집단의 곳체두드럭조개가 단양집단의 작은말조개보다 각장이 크고 묵납자루의 알 및 자어도 더 많이 보유하고 있었다. 또한, 괴산집단 묵납자루의 산란관 길이가 단양집단보다 길었고 인공 채란 수도 단양집단보다 많았다. 곳체두드럭조개는 4장의 반새 모두를 보육낭으로 사용하였고 작은말조개는 2장의 외반새만을 보육낭으로 사용하였다. 괴산집단 묵납자루는 보육낭이 없는 곳체두드럭조개가 보육낭이 있는 곳체두드럭조개보다 알 및 자어 수가 많았으나 단양집단에서는 보육낭이 없는 작은말조개가 보육낭이 있는 작은말조개보다 알 및 자어 수가 적게 보유하는 상이한 결과를 보였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1980

영남작물 시험장에서는 우리 나라 남부지방의 답이작에 적합한 조숙 안전 다수성 보리 신품종을 보다 효율적으로 육성하기 위하여 1975년부터 보리의 웅성불임을 이용한 누환선발육종을 실시한 결과 1978년에 보리의 순환선발집단인 RSPYB#1을 육성하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 갈다. 1. 집단육성에 이용된 재료는 미국 California 와 Idaho 및 Montana 지방에서 육성된 Composite cross F_2 집단과 우리 나라 육성계통의 혼합집단을 사용 하였다. 2. 집단육성 과정에서 각 Cycle의 F_1 세대에서는 종자증식만 하고 F_2 세대에서는 웅성불임과 웅성임성을 인공교배 하였다. 3. 웅성불임 재료에 우리 나라 육성계통의 혼합집합이 2회 교잡되므로서 이론적으로 75%의 적응률을 가졌으며 남부지방의 답이작하에서 그 Cycle 이 반복되어 왔으므로 답이작에 대한 적응도가 높은 것으로 인정된다. 4. 각 Cycle의 F_2 세대에서는 우량개체를 주별로 선발하였고 선발된 계통은 계통 육종법에 따라 재배하였으며 유망한 계통은 생산력 검정시험에 공시하여 수량과 특성을 검정하였다. 5. 보리순환선발집단 RSPYB# 1에서 선발된 계통들은 기존장여 품종들에 비하여 조숙 다수성으로 답이작에 적응도가 높은 경향이었다. 6. 보리순환선발집단 RSPYB# 1은 Cycle이 진전될수록 답이작에 더욱 우수한 계통들이 선거될 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1359-1365
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• 2009

We performed a genome-wide linkage and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to confirm the existence of QTL affecting Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) induced tumor regression, and to estimate their effects on phenotypic variance in an F2 resource population. The F2 population comprised 158 chickens obtained by crossing tumor regressive White Leghorn (WL) and tumor progressive Rhode Island Red (RIR) lines was measured for tumor formation after RSV inoculation. Forty-three tumor progressive and 28 tumor regressive chickens were then used for genome-wide linkage and QTL analysis using a total of 186 microsatellite markers. Microsatellite markers were mapped on 20 autosomal chromosomes. A significant QTL was detected with marker LEI0258 located within the MHC B region on chromosome 16. This QTL had the highest F ratio (9.8) and accounted for 20.1% of the phenotypic variation. Suggestive QTL were also detected on chromosomes 4, 7 and 10. The QTL on chromosome 4 were detected at the 1% chromosome-wide level explaining 17.5% of the phenotypic variation, and the QTLs on chromosome 7 and 10 were detected at the 5% chromosome-wide level and explained 11.1% and 10.5% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. These results indicate that the QTLs in the non-MHC regions play a significant role in RSV-induced tumor regression. The present study constitutes one of the first preliminary reports in domestic chickens for QTLs affecting RSV-induced tumor regression outside the MHC region.