• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.606-610
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• 2011

'Jungmo1001' is an early maturing intermediate breeding line developed from a cross between Cheolweon52 and SR14694-57-4-2-1-3-2-2 by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA) in 1994. 'Jungmo1001' has about 107 days duration from seeding to heading in mid-northern inland plain, southern alpine area and north-eastern coastal areas. It has about 73 cm in culm length with semi-erect plant type and good canopy architecture. This variety has 13 tillers per hill and 90 spikelets per panicle. Its 1,000 grain-weight of brown rice is 21.2 g which is less than 26.3 g of 'Odaebyeo'. Milled kernels are translucent with non-glutinous endosperm, low amylose content (18.1%) compared with 'Odaebyeo' palatability of cooked rice is very good. This variety shows strong resistance to cold treatment, lodging, premature heading and wilting. This variety shows moderately resistant to blast disease but susceptible to bacterial blight, stripe virus and insect pests. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.45 MT/ha by ordinary culture in local adaptability test for three years. This variety may be highly adaptable to the mid-northern inland plain, southern alpine area and north-eastern coastal areas of Korea.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.232-242
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• 2017

The goal of marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB) is to significantly reduce the number of breeding generations required by using genome-based molecular markers to select for a particular trait; however, MAB systems have only been developed for a few vegetable crops to date. Among the types of molecular markers, SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) are primarily used in the analysis of genetic diversity due to their abundance throughout most genomes. To develop a MAB system in Chinese cabbage, a high-throughput (HT) marker system was used, based on a previously developed set of 468 SNP probes (BraMAB1, Brassica Marker Assisted Backcrossing SNP 1). We selected a broad-spectrum TuMV (Turnip mosaic virus) resistance (trs) Chinese cabbage line (SB22) as a donor plant, constructing a $BC_1F_1$ population by crossing it with the TuMV-susceptible 12mo-682-1 elite line. Foreground selection was performed using the previously developed trsSCAR marker. Background selection was performed using 119 SNP markers that showed clear polymorphism between donor and recipient plants. The background genome recovery rate (% recurrent parent genome recovery; RPG) was good, with three of 75 $BC_1F_1$ plants showing a high RPG rate of over 80%. The background genotyping result and the phenotypic similarity between the recurrent parent and $BC_1F_1$ showed a correlation. The plant with the highest RPG recovery rate was backcrossed to construct the $BC_2F_1$ population. Foreground selection and background selection were performed using 169 $BC_2F_1$ plants. This study shows that, using MAB, we can recover over 90% of the background genome in only two generations, highlighting the MAB system using HT markers as a highly efficient Brassica rapa backcross breeding system. This is the first report of the application of a SNP marker set to the background selection of Chinese cabbage using HT SNP genotyping technology.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2012

$Tomato$ $spotted$ $wilt$ $virus$ (TSWV)-infected $Capsicum$ $annuum$ plants were collected from open fields during June to July in 2010. The TSWV isolates were designated as Gneung, Ghang-Kjj, Gchang-Njc, Ghae, and Pap. The nucleotide sequence of the nucleocapsid protein (N) and movement protein (NSm) of the five isolates was determined. The pathogenicity of the five isolates was determined on 14 $C.$ $annuum$ cultivars two times by using mechanical inoculation. The five isolates induced different response: Both Gneung and Gchang-Kjj did not infect any of the cultivars in the 2nd trial, while Gchang-Njc, Ghae and Pap infected 11, 6 and 13 of 14 cultivars, respectively. The five isolates also were tested on $Solanum$ $lycopersicum$ breeding line TGC09-71 and three $Nicotiana$ species. $S.$ $lycopersicum$ showed a similar response to the five isolates as did $C.$ $annuum$. Both Gchang-Njc and Ghae infected systemically all three $Nicotiana$ species tested. While both Pap and Gneung did not infect any of the $Nicotiana$ species tested. In conclusion, five TSWV isolates induced different infection spectra in $C.$ $annuum$ cultivars, $Nicotiana$ species and an $S.$ $lycopersicum$ breeding line. Amino acid sequence analysis of the NSm gene could not support or explain the different infection spectra of the five isolates. This study indicated that various isolates must be used as virus inocula for evaluation of $C.$ $annuum$ and $S.$ $lycopersicum$ cultivars in breeding programs for TSWV resistance.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.209-214
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• 2012

Indigo crop, Persicaria tinctoria H. Gross is an annual plant containing natural colorant, the blue dye indigo, and local cultivars had been cultivated to produce natural indigo for textile dyeing in Korea since ancient times. Naju No. 2 is a new mass-selected line from the mother population, Naju Local cultivar. In this study, two breeding lines of Naju Local and Naju No. 2, have been cultivated in four different locations, the South regions of Korea, to compare plant growth and yield characteristics between two lines. Naju No. 2 was higher in plant height, and Naju Local has more 1st branches. Naju No. 2 has larger leaf area and higher width/length ratio of leaf, showing the round leaf type as morphological stable character without regional differences. Though there was considerable regional variation in fresh and dry top weight of harvested plant, the significant difference of plant weight between two lines were not shown. The ratio of leaf to total shoot of dry weight of Naju No. 2 was higher than one of Naju Local, indicating that Naju No. 2 has better yielding of colorant which is synthesized mostly in leaf. Naju No. 2 contained more Niram (crude indigo extract) and indigo, and showed much blueness at dyeing of silk using fresh leaves than Naju Local. We concluded that a new line, Naju No. 2 could be a superior cultivar due to having higher leaf yield and better quality of natural colorant than Naju local cultivar.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.509-512
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• 2011

A FA intersectional hybrid lily cultivar 'Golden Center' was developed in 2008 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Korea. The cross was conducted between female parent Lilium FA hybrid 'Migreen (FA97-30)' and male parent L. Asiatic hybrid 'Sanzio' by a cut style pollination method (CSM) and immature embryo rescure at Suwon in 1999. The first selection was done and the line name was tentatively given as 'FA04-24' in 2004. After in vitro multiplication, bulb-producing ability, line, growth and flowering characteristic of 'FA04-24' were evaluated from 2005 to 2007. The evaluation of characteristics and consumer preferences were surveyed at a lily flower show of NIHHS in 2008. 'Golden Center' flowers in the middle of June and grows up to 144 cm high in length. Flower blooms facing upward, with light yellow petals (RHS, GW157C). The pollen of 'Golden Center' is sterile. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulb under $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. It is needed to control Botrytis disease in wet season.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.2
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• pp.291-296
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• 2012

Triploids are a useful tool for biomass production and molecular breeding of trees with a long life span. Triploids of the poplar 'Hyunsasi' (Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa) have been developed by crossing between female diploids and a male tetraploid. The tetraploid was developed around the 1970s at Korea Forest Research Institute by colchicine-induced chromosome doubling. Seedlings of the $F_1$ generation were analyzed using flow cytometry to verify their ploidy status. The mean relative fluorescence index of 3 F1 poplars, labeled as Line- 1, Line-17, Line-18, were approximately 1.5 times higher than those of diploid poplars, and the results clearly indicated that they were triploids. The phenotype of the F1 poplars included larger leaves and thicker stem than diploids, and abnormal leaf morphology, especially in the triploid 'Line-18'. Three triploid lines developed roots more slowly and had less roots than diploid. However, 3 poplar cytotypes (2x, Line-1, Line-17) rooted within 10 days on MS medium. In contrast, compared with the 3 cytotypes, the Line-18 showed about 80% and 70% in the rooting rate and the number of roots. The triploid poplars could be directly utilized for biomass production and with their sterility, they could serve as basic material for genetic transformation. In addition, flow cytometric analysis proved to be an effective and reliable method for screening forest trees for their ploidy level.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.512-516
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• 2008

A new naked oat cultivar 'Choyang' (Avena sativa L.) was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2007. It was derived from a cross between 'Sikyonggwiri' and 'Gwiri23'. The cultivar, Sikyonggwiri is early heading while the breeding line Gwiri23 has a high yielding potential with large-size grain. Bulk method combined with pedigree selection program was employed in subsequent generations, and the promising line SO96025-B-303-44-2-5 was selected for agronomic performance in 2002. The line showed both high yield and good husking rate of seed in the Yield Trial tested at Suwon in 2003 to 2004, and was subsequently designated as 'Gwiri57'. Gwiri57 was evaluated for winter hardiness, earliness, and yield in four locations, Gimje, Iksan, Jeongeup and Jinju from 2005 to 2007 and was released as Choyang. Choyang headed 11 days earlier and matured 5 days earlier than the check cultivar 'Sunyang' in the paddy field condition. The new cultivar Choyang had 97 cm of culm length and 23.4 cm of spike length, 658 spikes per $m^2$, 75 grains per spike, 28.8 g of 1,000-grain weight, and 636 g of test weight. Choyang showed better winter hardiness than that of the check cultivar Sunyang, and similar seed quality to the check cultivar in respect to crude protein (12.9%) and ${\beta}$-glucan content (4.7%). However, it showed higher husking rate than the check cultivar. The grain yield of Choyang in the regional yield trial for 3 consecutive years was averaged $4.67MT\;ha^{-1}$, which was 38% higher than that of the check cultivar Sunyang. Choyang is recommended for the fall sowing cropping only in the southern area where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than $-4^{\circ}C$ in January, and is not recommended the in mountain area where frost damage is presumable.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.255-268
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• 1990

This study was carried out to investigate the time-trends of genetic parameters of the dosed flock population which selected for improving egg production. Data for two layer pure lines, Line-W (Single Comb White Leghorn) and Line-B (brown layer) which have been maintained at the Mani Breeding Farm were collected from 1980 to 1985 during 5 generations. The effective number of parents per generation ranged from 148 to 366 in Line-W and 85 to 355 in Line-B, and the cumulative expected inbreeding coefficients during 5 generations of selection were 15％ and 1.6％. So inbreeding could not be considered a critical factor on estimating the genetic parameters, heritabilities and genetic correlations Heritabilities of EN 300 and EN 400, primary two selected traits were significantly decreased during 5 generations but the estimates of the other 03its not showed the consistent decreasing pattern significantly. No time trends of probable consequence were evident in the genetic correlation coefficients of the traits studied. The reason for that situation was attributed to the fact that selection was conducted for multiple objectives and the relative importance of selection for the studied traits were not consistent by generations.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2018

The 'Hongsil' strawberry ($Fragaria{\times}ananassa$ Duch.) is a new cultivar released by Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2015. This cultivar originated from a 2011 cross between '802a312' and 'Okmae' and exhibited suitable fruit characteristics for export due to the high soluble solids content and firmness of the fruit. The breeding line '1116-74-15' was selected as an elite line after examining its characteristics and productivity from 2013 to 2014. A field trial of this line was conducted on a farm in 2015, and it was registered as 'Hongsil' thereafter. The 'Hongsil' strawberry demonstrates intermediate plant type and moderate vigor in growth. It is suitable for forcing culture due to its early flower bud differentiation and low chilling requirement. The soluble solids content of 'Hongsil' is $10.0^{\circ}Brix$, which is approximately $0.4^{\circ}Brix$ higher than that of 'Seolhyang' The Fruit firmness of 'Hongsil' is $13.1g{\cdot}mm^{-2}$, similar to that of 'Maehyang'. Fruits of 'Hongsil' are long conical having a red skin color and marketable yield is $4,269kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ which is 16% higher than that of 'Maehyang'. The 'Hongsil' cultivar is sensitive to powdery mildew, and it therefore warrants further investigation regarding disease control.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2003

To develop a new ginseng variety with good quality and high yielding, a lot of individual ginseng plant were selected in the farmers'fields in 1968. Among them, a promising line,680-83-4, has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation from local races in KT&C Central Research Institute, preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed fir 8 years.680-83-4 was designated as KG103, which was then registered as a new variety “Gopoong” with the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years (1981-1990) on December 27,2000 in Korea. Gopoong has different phenotype of a dark violet stem and dark red fruit and inverted triangle shape of berries cluster as compared with other varieties. Taproot of Gopoong was longer than local race Jakyungjong, and root yield was 4.5% higher than local race Jakyungjong. In red ginseng quality, the rates of Chun-Jeesam grade(Chun and Jee means 1 st and 2nd grade, respectively) were 16.6% and 9.4% for Gopoong and Jakyungjong, respectively. In these results, it was that Gopoong was superior ginseng line with good quality far manufacture of red ginseng.