• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3017-3021
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• 2013

Background: Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an important aspect in identifying cancer patients' perceptions of being diagnosed with cancer and the assessment of treatment outcomes. The present study aimedto assess the profile and predicators of HRQoL of Malaysian oncology patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study adopting the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) was conducted. All cancer patients attending Penang General Hospital between August-November 2011 were approached. Descriptive statistics were used to assess demographic and disease related characteristics of the patients. All analyses were performed using SPSS v 16.0. Results: Three hundred and ninety three cancer patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 53.9 ($SD{\pm}13$) years. The cohort was dominated by females (n=260, 66.2%). Nearly half (n=190, 48.3%) of the participants were of Malay ethnicity, practicing Islam as their religion (n=194, 494%). Two hundred and ninety six (n=296, 75.3%) had beene diagnosed with cancer within six months to 3 years previously. The most common primary cancer site was breast (n=143, 36.4%). The mean Global Health Status (GHS) score was 60.7 (SD=21.3). Females (mean GHS score of 62.3, p=0.035) with Malay ethnicity (mean GHS score of 63.8, p=0.047), practicing Islam as their religion (mean GHS score of 63.0, p=0.011) had better GHS scores. Patients having medical insurance had good scores (mean 65.6, p-0.021). Marital status was significantly associated with GHS scores (p=0.022). Bone cancer patientshad the lowest mean GHS score of 49.2 (p=0.044). Patients at very advanced stages of cancer featured a low GHS mean score of 52.2 (p<0.001). Conclusions: The present study identified many demographic and disease related factors which may contribute to the HRQoL of cancer patients, pointing to the necessity for improved management of disease symptoms and provision of psychological and financial support.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.512-525
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• 2003

The relationship between dietary practices and juvenile delinquency was studied using a dietary survey. Subjects were selected from juvenile delinquents who were under the supervision of the Seoul Probation Office of the Ministry of Justice. The study group consisted of 52 male and 52 female delinquents. As a control group, 104 exemplary high school students were selected in Seoul. A questionnaire was designed to find out the subjects' general characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle, eating behavior, food frequency, and nutrient intake using the 24-hour recall method. Compared to the exemplary students, the juvenile delinquents were significantly different in education level, family status, monthly allowance, residence status, breast fed, parents' education level, parents' concern. In dietary habits, fifty-eight percent of the juvenile delinquents ate 2 or fewer meals per day, preferred to eat with friends, and liked hot tasting foods. The juvenile delinquents consumed more ion drinks (OR = 9.26 CI: 3.83 -22.37), rameon (OR = 7.67 CI: 3.21 - 18.33), cola (OR = 6.75 CI: 2.91 - 15.69), soft drinks (OR = 6.12 CI: 2.53- 14.81), steamed korean sausage (OR = 5.34 CI:2.31 - 12.32), hamburger (OR = 5.15 CI: 1.91 - 13.87), kimbab (OR = 3.63 CI: 1.76-7.46), ddokbokgi (OR = 3.17 CI: 1.58-6.38), candy (OR = 3.08 CI: 1.41-6.73), white rice (OR = 2.59 CI: 1.19-5.64), hotdog (OR = 2.52 CI: 1.31-4.86), and less rice mixed with grains (OR = 0.02 CI: 0.01-0.05), tangerine (OR = 0.06 CI: 0.02 - 0.20), milk (OR = 0.29 CI: 0.14 - 0.60), roasted fish (OR = 0.32 CI: 0.28-0.99, anchovy (OR = 0.35 CI: 0.17 - 0.72), seaweed (OR = 0.37 CI: 0.16 - 0.83), and tofu (OR = 0.48 CI: 0.23-0.99) than the exemplary students. With respect to the juvenile delinquents, the nutrient intakes lower than 75％ of the Korean RDA were for riboflavin (75.0％) and calcium (47.9％) among the boys, and calcium (46.9％) and iron (60.4％) among the girls. To prevent juvenile delinquency, nutritional education and well-balanced school food service meals should be emphasized so as to improve the management of dietary practices. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 512∼525, 2003)

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.405-416
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate correlation between total body weight loss and local sweat rate and to find out any possible method that can estimate total body weight loss judging from local sweat rate. Twelve adult females were kept at 44 $\pm1^{\circ}C$, 50 ${\pm}5\%$ R.H. (1) Physiological responses such as total body weight loss, local sweat rate, rectal temperature, skin temperature, blood pressure and pulse, (2) micro climate inside garment and (3) subjective sensation were examined. Two types of garment such as long-sleeves with long pants (Type I) and half·sleeves with short pants (Type II) were used to observe the effect of garment types on sweating response. Both clothing weight was equal (132$\pm$3 g/$m^{2}$). The results were as follows: 1. Regardless of the different types, total body weight loss was more interrelated with the sweat rate on forehead than any other parts of the body. Except the forehead, different parts of body with different types of garment influenced on body weight loss quite differently. 2. Total body weight loss was more interrelated with the weight gain of garment than the local sweat rate. 3. Under the environment of 44$\pm1^{\circ}C,\;50{\pm}5\%$R.H., body weight loss during 1 hour of subject clothed and silted was 275.2 g/hr and weight loss per body surface area was 178.9 g/$m^{2}/hr$ Garment types have no influences on total body weight loss. 4. Local sweat rate (mg/7.07 $cm^{2}/hr$) was 208.0,191.0, 133.0, 115.0,81 0, 75.1 and 66.3 on scruff, breast, forehead, forearm, thigh, upper arm, leg respectively No evidence has been found that garment types influenced on local sweat rate (p<0.1). 5. No interrelationships between rectal temperature and total body weight loss, local skin temperature and total body weight loss, and local skin temperature and local sweat rate were found. From this study, some possible method that we can estimate total body' weight loss judging from weight loss of garment. But considering the fact that clothing design factor, the physical characteristics of fabric and environmental factor such as humidity and wind velocity should be concerned in weight loss of garment, it should be studied further whether the total body weight loss can be estimated properly from the weight loss of garment. This experiment suggest that different parts of body with different types of garment can influence on body weight loss quite differently. Therefore, in order to get more precise results, more studies under the diversity of garment types should be done in the near future.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2017

죽염은 우리나라에서 전래되어온 전통적 민간 의방의 하나로서 소화기 장애의 치료제로 사용되었다. 또한 염증, 당뇨, 순환기 질환, 바이러스성 질환 및 암 등 여러 가지 병의 치료에 효과적이라고 알려져 있다. 죽염은 여러 가지 광물질을 함유하고 있어 가축의 사육과정에서 생산성 향상에 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 시험은 3회 구운 생활죽염을 사료에 첨가 급여할 때 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 기초사료에 죽염을 0.1%, 0.2% 및 0.3% 수준으로 첨가 급여하여 육계의 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율, 도체성분 및 혈액 성분에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 사양시험을 실시하였으며, 본 시험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 육성전기에 생활죽염 첨가에 의한 증체량의 차이가 나타났으며 0.3% 첨가구인 T3구가 대조구에 비하여 9.6% 향상된 증체성적을 보였다. 사료요구율은 대조구에 비하여 죽염 0.3% 첨가구인 T3 처리구가 유의적으로 낮게 나타나, 약 2.6% 향상된 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 음수량과 분변 중 수분함량은 0.3% 죽염을 첨가 급여할 경우, 대조구에 비해 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가하였으나, 닭가슴살의 일반성분, 복부지방함량 비율 및 혈액 성분은 죽염 첨가에 의한 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the reproducibility of a questionnaire concerned with reproductive history and to ascertain which characteristics of the subjects (age, the visit-revisit intervals, education and chronic disease) are associated with good reliability in the Korean Multi-Center Cancer Cohort (KMCC) study. Materials and Methods: A total of 19,688 participants were enrolled between 1993 and 2004. Among them, we selected 386 participants who were aged 40 or more and who re-visited within 8 years after the first visit. Reliability was measured by the percent agreement according to error range for the continuous variables and the percent agreement and kappa statistics for the categorical variables. Results : The pregnancy histories were reliable (kappa=0.67) and the reasons for being menopausal among the postmenopausal women were also reliable (kappa=0.92). The percent agreement of the breast-feeding history was high (96.1%), although the kappa statistic was low. For the continuous variables, when the error range of one variable was considered to be reliable, the percent agreement of the age at menarche and the age at the first full term pregnancy was good (69.4% and 83.6%), whereas that of the age at menopause was low (51.5%). The factors associated with high reliability were a younger age, the presence of chronic disease and a short visit-revisit time interval. Conclusions : The agreements for parity, the reasons for menopause, and the breastfeeding history in the reproductive history questionnaire used in the KMCC were relatively good. The questionnaire for the menarche age and the menopausal age might have lower reliability due to the difference between Korean age and American age. To obtain reliable information, more attention should be given to the items in questionnaire-based surveys, and especially for surveying old-aged women.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2006

목 적: 로타바이러스는 영유아 급성 설사증의 대표적인 원인 병원체로써 전 세계에 걸쳐 분포한다. 신생아에서의 로타바이러스 감염은 1975년에 Chrysite 등에 의해 처음 보고된 후 원내 장염의 중요한 원인체로 알려졌으며, 신생아는 영유아와 다른 임상 양상을 보이는 경우가 많다. 신생아의 로타바이러스 감염증의 임상적 고찰에 대한 연구가 부족하여 저자는 로타바이러스 감염으로 입원한 신생아와 영유아를 대상으로 임상 양상의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2001년 2월 1일부터 2003년 1월 31일까지 순천향대학교 부천병원에 장염으로 입원하여 시행한 로타바이러스 항원 검사 양성인 신생아 104명, 영유아 250명을 대상으로 성별, 계절별 분포, 임상 증상, 동반된 질환, 수유 방법에 따른 발생 빈도 등을 비교하였다. 결 과: 계절별로 보면 영유아에서는 2~6월 사이에, 신생아는 10~12월 사이에 발생률이 높았다. 임상 증상은 영유아에서는 설사, 구토, 발열이 가장 흔했고, 경련이 발생한 경우가 있었으며, 신생아에서는 발열과 설사 증상 외에 탈수와 동반된 대사성 산증, 황달, 보챔, 무호흡, 혈변, 위 잔류, 끙끙거림의 비특이적인 증상이 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 그밖에 통계학적인 유의성은 없으나 수유량 감소, 기면, 구토 등의 증상도 보였다. 동반된 질환으로 영유아는 상기도 감염, 폐렴, 기관지염 등의 호흡기 질환이 많았으며, 그밖에 요로감염, 장중첩증, 출혈성 위염, 간염, 가와사키병이 동반되었다. 신생아에서는 괴사성 장염이 의미 있게 동반되었고, 그밖에 상기도 감염, 폐렴, 요로감염이 있었다. 수유 방법에 있어서는 로타바이러스 감염 환아 중 신생아와 영아 모두 분유 수유아가 모유 수유아보다 많았으나 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 결 론: 신생아에서의 로타바이러스 감염은 영유아와 달리 황달, 보챔, 무호흡, 혈변, 위 잔류, 수유량 감소, 기면 등의 비특이적인 증상이 발생하는 경우가 많으므로 염두에 두고 진단하려고 노력해야 한다. 로타바이러스는 영유아는 물론 신생아에서도 중요한 원인체로 밝혀지고 있으므로 향후 로타바이러스 감염의 보다 쉽고 간편한 진단 방법, 병원체 분리, 감염 경로, 면역 반응 및 예방과 치료에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

Although the road construction in forest is increasing and there is a need for development ecological restoration on deforest area, no consideration has been given to individual trees in there. This study analyzed aerial photographs of deforest area before and after road construction for determining the degree of forest destruction by extracting individual trees. Study area was selected in the sites where are damaged by road construction in GongJu-si, YuSung-gu, and YeongDong-gun. The aerial photograph taken 1979 before construction is panchromatic image of 80cm in GSD (Ground Sample Distance) and other photograph taken 2016 after construction is multi-spectral image of 10cm in GSD. In order to minimize the difference of GSD, we conducted image re-sampling process for setting to same GSD for the two photographs. After that we carried out visual interpretation method for determining to change of individual tree. The result found that for GongJu-si of the number of individual tree was 1,014 in 1979 and 886 in 2016, which decreased by 128 (12.6%) and the average width of those decreased from 5.77m to 5.75m by 0.47%. In case of YoungDong-gun, the number of it was 761 in 1979 and 746 in 2016, which decreased by 2.0% and the average width of it decreased from 8.99mm to 8.90m by 1.1%. Lastly in case of YuSung-gu, the number of it was 1,578 in 1979 and 988 in 2016, which decreased by 37.4% and the average width of it decreased from 7.09m to 6.65m by 6.21%. these result imply that road construction causes destruction of forests. Since there are limitations such as errors due to researcher, it is necessary to construct a quantitative analysis method for the change of the deforest area. It is need to study the method of extracting individual tree in deforest area more accurately using high-resolution image of GSD 10cm or more as well. This study can be used as a basic data for the ecological restoration of the deforest area considering characteristics of individual tree such as height, diameter at breast height, and biomass.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2019

아고산 지역에서 지형은 바람과 일사, 토양수분함량 등에 영향을 주며 식물의 생장과 발달에 중요한 영향을 미친다. 아고산 지역에서 바람막이 지형이 가문비나무의 수관 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 서식지를 사면과 미지형에 따라 구분하고, 수고와 수관생장을 조사하였다. 아고산 지역의 가문비 나무는 서식지 내 바람의 영향과 미지형에 따라 수고 생장과 수관 생장이 다르게 나타났다. 바람맞이 사면에서 수고 생장과 수관생장률이 낮았고, 바람맞이 사면의 홀로 돋아져 바람과 같은 외부 환경에 노출된 미지형에서 자라는 나무는 바람의지 사면의 주변식생과 함께 자라는 나무보다 수관 생장이 절반 수준으로 낮았다. 바람의 영향이 강한 곳에서는 바람이 불어오는 방향으로 수관 생장이 억제되어 수관이 깃발형으로 발달하였다. 바람맞이 사면에서도 바람에 노출된 미지형 1 유형은 바람막이 역할을 하는 지피물이 존재하는 미지형 3 유형에 비해 수관의 기형이 심하였다. 본 연구는 바람이 심한 아고산 지역의 지형과 생장의 관계를 분석하여 가문비나무의 분포와 생장에서 바람막이 지형의 역할이 중요함을 보여주었다. 아고산 서식지 관리와 복원을 위해서 바람의 영향을 고려한 사면과 지형별 분포에 대한 분석이 필요하다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.196-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify Korean adolescents' sexual harassment conditions and patterns in schools as well as their psychological reactions when they are under sexual harassments or they committed sexual harassments. The subjects were 475 middle and high schoolers in Pusan and Gyeong Sang Nam-Do. The survey was executed from July 1 through Dec. 31, 2000. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS WIN 8.0 using percentage, mean. The results of this study were as follows: 1. the linguistic sexual harassment such as 'lewd jokes or dirty talks' was the major pattern(35.4%), The body touching such as 'kiss or embracing', 'internet transmission of pornography', 'sexual harassing of body characteristics', touching breast', 'grasping of hands or body touching', 'body touching in secret place', 'urging to sit in touch or on knees', 'exposing of special body areas', and 'showing pornography' followed in a row. 2. The eighteen point three percents of subjects had the experience to commit sexual harassment. The forty four point seven percent of above subjects committed it against their classmates. The first time to commit sexual harassment was their middle school period (38.4%). Their motives to commit it were as under: 'killing time'(48.8%), 'annoying', 'attracting attention from the other sex', 'expressing lovely emotions', 'urging of their friends', 'misunderstanding that the other partners felt good when they experienced sexual harassment, 'showing their strength' etc. their with committing harassments they felt as under ; 'joyful'(61.6%), 'funny,' 'desirous to try again', 'thrilling', 'breaking stress', very pleasant', 'exciting', 'regretful', 'guilty', and 'feeling fear' etc. 3. Twenty four point two percents of the population exposed to sexual harassments. The sexual harassers were almost their classmates (42.7%). And then unknown people', 'boy or girl friends and school staffs' followed in a row. The places where harassments happened were 'inside classroom'(69.8%), 'school bus and subway', 'outside school', etc. The feelings when experienced harassments were 'anger' (51.3%), 'hurting self-respect', 'embarrassing', 'rejection', 'insulting', 'shame', 'fear', 'dislike', 'anxiety', 'melancholy' etc. The reasons not to have consultations after sexual harassments were 'worrying to be well-known'(49.6%), 'believing not helpful enough', 'regarding simple mischief', 'trying to revenge directly', 'understanding their mistakes', 'worrying retaliation' etc.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2002

배 경 : 폐는 악성 종양이 흔히 전이되는 장소로 흔히 폐실질, 흉막, 혹은 임파선으로 주로 전이되며, 기관지내 전이는 흔하지 않아 악성 종양의 기관지내 발생율은 2%정도로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 굴곡성 기관지경 검사로 확인된 증례들을 대상으로 기관지내 전이암에 대한 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 1991년 6월부터 2001년 5월까지 10년 동안 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스병원에서 굴곡성 기관지경 검사로 폐외 악성 종양의 기관지내 전이가 확인된 27예를 대상으로 임상 양상, 치료, 경과 등을 조사하였다. 연구결과 : 평균연령은 53세이고, 남자가 17예, 여자가 10예이었다. 원발 종양은 대장암이 가장 많았으며, 자궁경부암, 위암, 유방암의 순서이었다. 원발 종양의 진단에서부터 기관지내 전이를 발견할 때까지의 기간은 평균 45.5개월이었으며, 유방암이 85.3개월로 다른 종양들에 비해 길었다. 임상 증상은 기침이 가장 많았고, 흉부 X-선 소견은 폐문부 종괴음영, 단일결절, 무기폐가 많았다. 치료는 수술, 항암 화학요법, 방사선치료 등을 시행하였고, 생존기은 평균 12.3개월이었다. 결 론 : 기관지내 전이암은 임상에서 흔한 질환이 아니며, 증상, 방사선 소견, 기관지경 소견 등이 원발성 폐암과 유사하다. 따라서 악성 종양의 병력이 있으면서 지속적인 증상이 있거나 비전형적인 병리소견을 보일 때에는 기관지내 전이암의 가능성을 염두에 두고 접근하여야 한다.