Purpose: Brand hearsay refers to information that can be acquired from advertisement, media publicity, and word-of-mouth prior to experiencing products or services of brands. Previous information about brands obtained through brand hearsay affects consumer behavior in choosing brands. Moreover, brand hearsay is an effective communication method in promoting brands to consumers. Thus, bakery franchises need to improve strengths and differentiate characteristics of their brand, thereby attracting more consumers. Therefore, this study investigates relationships the effect of brand hearsay on consumers' brand attitude and brand loyalty in the context of franchised bakery brands. Research design, data, and methodology: A research model was proposed to examine structural relationships between brand hearsay (advertising, publicity, word-of-mouth), brand attitude, and brand loyalty. An online survey was conducted to consumers who had an experience of visiting a franchise bakery. A total of 513 responses were used for data analysis. SPSS 22.0 was used for analyzing general demographics, and SmartPLS 4.0 was used to test validity and reliability of the proposed model. Result: Among attributes of brand hearsay, advertisement and word-of-mouth had positively significant effects on brand attitude, but no significant effect was found between publicity and attitude. Advertisement had a positively significant impact on brand loyalty, while publicity had a negative effect on brand loyalty opposite to hypothesis. Moreover, brand attitude had a statistically significant effect on brand loyalty. Conclusions: In the context of franchise bakeries, brand hearsay contents may change consumers' attitude toward brands but does not increase brand loyalty. Though media publicity does not affect consumers' attitude toward brands, it may decrease brand loyalty when consumers are too exposed to it. In addition, it is necessary to enhance brand attitude to increase brand loyalty of customers. This study provides bakery franchisors and franchisees information about which type of brand hearsay (e.g., advertisement, word-of-mouth, media, publicity) is effective in enhancing brand attitudes and loyalty of consumers. Further studies may include other variables (e.g., trust) in addition to attitude and loyalty, or compare findings based on brand characteristics (e.g., low-to-medium/high prices, store size).
Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
/
2009.04a
/
pp.361-364
/
2009
In recent, the marketing competitions that stimulates the emotions of consumers are intensifying in the domestic construction industry due to the increase of unsold new apartments. However, there is a need for brand identity establishment through which more differentiated information can be delivered to the consumers, as each brand is focusing only on idealistic image advertisements of dream, future and happiness. Accordingly in this study, the top five brand apartments according to the national brand value evaluation index (BSTI, BrandStock Top Index) were selected and analyzed their TV advertisement characteristics, and its purpose is in evaluating the brand images perceived by the consumers of their TV advertisements. The significance of the results from this study is in presenting the basic information for establishing effective communication between the corporations and consumers. The survey research of this study was conducted for the students of D University, and SPSS 14.0 program was used for the statistical data analysis.
In this paper, it is to identify the effects of differences in interpretation levels depending on the type of brand association and the brain psychological distance on the evaluation of the product of that brand through two experiments. To test our hypotheses empirically, we conducted online survey. We addressed the hypotheses involving the general and relative impact of actual and ideal self-congruence on emotional brand attachment (H1) and explored the effect of product involvement as the moderating variable (H1-1 and H1-2). The goal of this research was to validate the results from involving our basic model and to explore the impact of two additional moderating variables (self-esteem and public self-consciousness: H2). We followed the same procedure. This finding is theoretical to the extent of the interpretation level theory in brand association research by applying the interpretation level theory to the brand association, and provides the meaning that, in practice, it is necessary to utilize the message of different types of brain psychological distance depending on the brand association characteristics that the brand has in defining the brand. In particular, it was confirmed that functional brand associations and symbolic brand annals have representational harmonization, respectively, depending on the low and high levels of interpretation levels.
Many domestic and international airlines that experienced dramatic recession due to COVID-19 pandemic are carefully being ready to normalise operations as a number of governments has begun to vaccinate for COVID-19. So with the same market share from domestic to short distant international services, the competition between Full Service Carriers (FSC) and low cost carriers (LCC) is anticipated to be more intensive. To explore the concepts such as the perception, value, attitude and faith of the object, this study implements Q methodology proposed to complement the limitations of quantitative and qualitative research methodology. As a result, the consumers of airlines' brand are divided into three types - the type of utility seeking, value-oriented and task-related. Using Q samples which consist of 25 statements, this study specifically approached the traits of each type by observing the subjectivity with the comparative P sample group that is made up for 20 participants. By discovering the type of FSC and LCC's brand asset and comparing the recognition of consumers, not only does this study evoke the need for a strategic direction of the effective management of Airlines' Brand asset but also have a signification in the way that especially provide hypotheses for follow up studies.
Purpose: We conducted a study on the brand name types of optical shop in the region of Daegu to exploit the data necessary for a new brand naming. Methods: The characteristics of the names including the concept and function, phrasing compositions - whether the names are Korean words, English words or combination of the two, or others, and whether the names are descriptive, allusive or coined, alternative names, and most frequently used names were studied and analyzed. Results: For those in Korean words, the most frequently appeared consonant was 'ㅇ' then 'ㅅ'. In combination words, either in Korean and English combination or others, 57.1% of the names were in Korean, or 32.7% of the names were in English. As for number of syllables, 3 syllables consumed 30.4% and 2 and 4 syllables were in similar proportions of 29.7% and 25.0%, respectively. The proportions of allusive and descriptive names were 17.0% and 13.3%, respectively. As for alternative creation type, the type with combination of words came first, and then use of symbols came second. For other types, there were high number of brand names that contained the names of other business types and names of the districts in which the stores were located. Lastly, the most frequently used keyword was 'eye', which was used 45 times, and then came 'dang' and 'angyeong'. Conclusions: When starting a business and making an appropriate brand name, it must be easy to say and remember as well as meaningful. As such, a brand name for an optical shop should not only be creative, but also be associated with the business and emanate favorable impression.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the brand choice behaviors of male and female college students in their twenties, to examine the differences in their information-searching activity to the type of the behaviors and shopping places for purchasing apparel products. The data were analyzed by Factor analysis, Ouster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. The results are as follows: 1. With regard to the brand choice behaviors of male and female college students in their twenties, two factors were produced as 'consumers' loyalty to brand' and 'brand switching behavior'. 2. The brand choice behaviors were classified into three groups as 'a brand-switching group', 'a loyalty-to-brand group', and 'an indifferent-to-brand group'. There were significant differences between the groups. 3. The results for demographic differences in terms of the brand choice behaviors showed that there was a significant difference in 'brand switching behaviors' by gender. 4. There were significant differences in the media for information search and the places for shopping apparel products in terms of the brand choice behaviors.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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v.19
no.1
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pp.13-22
/
1995
The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the differences of evaluations of blue jean according to the level of apparel advertising acceptance, (2) to examine the differences of effect of brand Name on evaluations of blue jean, (3) and to investigate the differences of evaluations between Clothing and Textiles mojors and non Clothing and Textiles mojors. Questionnaire was comprised of 10 Likert type items of apparel advertising acceptance measure, and 11 items of 7-point scale for clothing evaluation measure. "Mcgreger" was selected for the blue jean evaluations of unrecognized brand, and "Calvin Klein" was for recognized brand. The subjects were 154 college female students in Seoul; 39 females were asked about evaluations of the blue jean of unrecognized brand name (Mcgreyer) without the brand name label, 40 unrecognized brand with the label, 41 recognized brand (Calvin Klein) without the brand name label, 34 recognized brand with the label. The data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple-range test. The results of the study were the followings: 1. Females with high scores in apparel advertising acceptance were more influenced by brand name in evaluations of blue jean than those with low scores. 2. The evaluations of blue jean was influenced by reputation of brand name in all evaluation criteria. Female group who evaluated the blue jean with recognized brand name label evaluated more positively than the other groups.an the other groups.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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v.25
no.4
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pp.685-696
/
2001
The purpose of this study was to establish the marketing strategy, that strengthens the brand royalty of their own in apparel industry and that can induce consumers brand switching against competitive brand. This study was classified into theoretical and experimental study. Experimental study was done, using the survey, to prove the models for consumers responses to brand switching by the theoretical study. It analyzed at last five hundred ninety-two women in the age of twenty to thirty years old who live in Seoul. Followings are the summary of the results revealed through the experimental study. First, brand switching behavior of consumers for formal dress was attributed to two extremes the inner motivation of variety seeking tendency and communication contact, complex variety seeking group, true variety seeking group, derived variety seeking group, and variety avoiding group. Second, the cognition response to marketing communication the types of brand switching shows difference in all communication variables except the service promotion of sales promotion communication. As to attitude response, it was found meaning difference in all communication variables except the sales promotion through price adjustment.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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v.21
no.7
/
pp.1124-1138
/
1997
This study intended to investigate the concept of Clothing Involvement and Brand and to provide useful basic data for building on affective brand strategy. The purpose of this study is as follows: first, It is to measure the result of Brand Extension attitudes and Brand Extension items by clothing involvement (high involvement/low involvement). Second, It is to classify the factors of Clothing Involvement which suggested in theoretical research and to clarify correlation between clothing involvement factor and brand evaluation, brand extension attitudes. Third, It is to investigate the affect that clothing involvement, demographic variable and brand type on Brand Extension Evaluation. Subjects of this study were the adult women in Seoul, who were extracted by sampling randomly during the fall of 1995. Questionnaire was used as major method of gathering data. They were analyzed by the SAS method such as Frequency, Anova, Duncan, Correlation, multiple regression, Factor analysis. Main result of this study were as follows : 1. In brand extension attitude evaluation by high-involve group and low-involve group, quality, reputation and buying intension of brand extension attitudes showed significant difference. B brand extension attitudes and items of high-involve group was high compare to low-involve stoup. High-involve group evaluated watch, underwear, shoes and stocking of extension items highly, and there is no involvement difference of perfume, parasol, cushion. 2. In order to classify the dimension of Clothing Involvement, it was carried out factor analysis. 1 found that Clothing Involvement was composed of 4 factors, namely, interest - fashion.perceived risk symbolism. Correlation between clothing involvement and brand extension attitude was as followed; Interest factor of clothing involvement was correlated the existing brand attitude. Brand preference of the existing brand attitude was related the image of brand extension attitude, interest of advertising was the quality and the reputation-image was the buying intension. 3. For evaluation of a factor influenced on Brand Extension, it was produced multiple -regression test. Demographic variables and brand types had some influence of Clothing Involvement and Clothing Involvement had on brand extension. 27% of interest, 26% of symbolism was explained by brand types and 15% of fashion, 6% of perceived risk was explained by brand types, demographic variables. And, 10% of brand extension was explained by interest, fashion and symbolism.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of purchasing behavior on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation of herbal cosmetics consumer. Through judgment sampling method, selected 304 survey questionnaires were used for final analysis from herbal cosmetics consumer. With the collected data, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were performed by SPSS 14.0. The results of the analysis were summarized as follows. First, level of education no significant difference on purchasing behavior, but age, marital status, average income, and job type showed significant difference on purchasing behavior. Second, level of education and average income no significant difference on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation, but age, marital status, and job type showed significant difference on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation. Third, the reasonable purchase, conformity purchase, and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence, but impulse purchase impacts negatively(+) influence on brand attitude. Fourth, the rational purchase and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence on shopping satisfaction. Fifth, the conformity purchase and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence on recommendation.
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