• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제3권
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• pp.91-106
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• 1994

This Study was performed to prove the effects of Gungsindodamtang (GDT) and Dangquibohyultang (DBT) on the cosntents of Serotonin and Catecholamine in the Brain and the Plasma of the Reserpine treated rats. High-Perfomance Liquid Chromatography was used for measuring the contents of the Serotonin and Catecholamine. The results were as follows. 1. norepinephrine contents in the Brain were increased significantly in GDT-treated group and DBT-treated group in comparison with the control group. 2. epinephrine and serotonin contents in the Brain were increased in all the sample groups but have not significance. 3. norepinephrine contents in the plasma were increased significantly in all the sample groups in comparison with the control group. 4. epinephrine contents in the plasma were increased in all the sample groups but have not significance. 5. serotonin contents in the plasma were increased significantly in DBT-treated group in comparison with the control group, and inreased in GDT-treated group but have not significance. According to the above results, it is considered that Dangquibohyultang could be applied more effectively than Gungsindodamtang in decrease of the serotonin and catecholamine and other symptoms induced by Reserpine.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.399-403
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ginseng total sapoin (GTS) on locomotor activity that had been increased by caffeine. Catecholamines, noradrenaline and dopamine, possible mediators for the locomotor activity, were measllred in the mouse whole brain, cortex and the re- mainder. The locomotor activity was measured in circlllar activity cages equipped with six light sources and photocells. The catecholamine contents in the mollse brain were determined by HPLC-fluorescence detection. GTS (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced the increased locomotor activity by caffeine (25 mg/kg) dose-devendently. Caffeine increased the norevinephrint and dopamine in mouse whole brain and cortex dose-dependently. GTS reduced the norevinevhrine in the remainder, and reduced the dopamine in the cortex which had been increased by caffeine.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.143-149
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• 1998

To elucidate the preventive effect of Danchisoyosan (DS) on stress, we investigated the physiological change of rats which were applied immobilization stress. For immobilization stress, rats were placed in restrainer for 12 hours a day for 3 days. During application of stress, body weight of rats was measured. After sacrifice, 8 organs were taken for measurement of organ weight. Brain was sectioned into 4 parts that are Frontal Cortex, Corpus Striatum, Hypothalamus and Hippocampus. Each part was homogenated and its catecholamine and serotonin contents were measured with HPLC. In our study, stress mainly induced increase of concentration of neurotransmitters in brain without other significant physical change of rats. DS inhibited stress induced changes of neurotransmitter content in brain.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.121.2-121.2
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• 2014

Synthesis of catecholamine from aniline is achieved by plasma enhanced CVD process. Catecholamine has a variety of functions in body such as brain and bloodstream controls. Catecholamine also has an interesting property of a material independent ability of functionalizing surface, which is found at mussels' adhesive nature. Synthesis of catecholamine has only been available from DOPA by chemical reduction and oxidation. This study presents the direct synthesis of catecholamine from further elemental source, aniline, which has not been achieved by a conventional chemical method. The process also indicates that a variety of catecholamine can be formed by controlling reactant gases. In additional to PECVD's very useful properties such as conformal, ultrathin and uniform coatings, a direct synthesis from aniline and a capability of controlling formation of a variety catecholamine is believed to open up a numerous applications.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제23권7호통권194호
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• pp.603-616
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• 1985

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effects of aluminum sulfate administration on the brain tissues of old rats, when given at different concentrations. The experiment attempted to further ascertain whether aluminum exposure cause Alzheimer's disease. Seventy-five aged Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups; a control group, 2 ppm aluminum sulfate group, 20 ppm aluminum sulfate group, 40 ppm aluminum sulfate group, and 200 ppm aluminum sulfate group, and were kept on the respective diets for 12 weeks. In order to understand the influence of aluminum on the brain, serum aluminum concentrations, phospholipid composition, and catecholamine concentrations were compared between the aluminum-treated groups and the normal group. According to the results, serum aluminum was higher in the aluminum sulfate-treated groups than in the normal group. Within the cortex, catecholamine concentrationes were significantly increased but cerebellum and brainstem tissue were significantly decreased, in the aluminum sulfate-treated groups compared to the normal group. For phospholipid composition, phosphatidyl inositol was significantly increased wherase phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidyl serine were significantly decreased in the aluminum sulfate-treated groups versus the normal group. Based on the data, increased aluminum consumption in experimental animals causes increased serum aluminum levels and catecholamine variation. These phenomena are very similar to conditions of Alzherimer's disease. Therfore, the results of this experiment further suggest that aluminum cause Alzherimer's disease, coinciding with reports that aluminum is a cause of neurofibrilly tangles in the brain.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1985

분만전후 Sprague Darwley 암컷 쥐에서 양적으로 식이를 계한하여 임의로 먹인 Control group의 일일평균섭취량이 1/2의 시중사료를 식이제한 group에게 주었다. Control group은 실험기간 동안 임의로 먹게 두었고, Deficient I group은 임신중에는 임의로 먹였고 분만후부터 이유시까지는 1일 20g의 사료를 주었다. Deficient II group은 임신 15일부터 분만시까지 1일 15g의 사료를 주었고 분만후부터 이유시까지는 1일 20g의 사료를 주었다. 각 group에서 새끼쥐가 출생한 날을 0일로 해서, 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21일에 새끼쥐의 serotonin, ca-techolamine 및 tryosine의 함량을 측정했다. 새끼쥐 뇌의serotonin함량은 control group에 비해 식이제한 group에서 출생 7일부터 유의적으로 낮아졌으며, 두 식이제한 group사이에서는 출생 14일과 21일에 유의적인 차를 보였다. 뇌에서 norepinephrine과 dopamine같은 catecholamine은 Control group보다 식이제한 group에서 유의적으로 낮았지만, 두 식이제한 group사이에서는 유의적 차를 보이지 않았다. Catecholamine의 전구체인 tyrosine은 식이제한 group의 뇌에서보다 Control group에서 출생 3일에 유의적으로 낮았으며, 출생 14일에는 Deficient I group의 tyrosine함량이 Control group과 Deficient II group의 뇌에서 보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 임신 마지막 주와 수유시의 어미쥐의 식이제한은 새끼쥐 뇌에서 정상적인 catecholamine합성을 지연시켜 주는 것으로 추측되며, 만일 식이제한을 시키는 기간을 이유 후로 연장시켜 주면, 뇌에서 유의적으로 낮은 catecholamine의 함량이 정상으로 회복될 수 있으리라 기대된다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 볼 때, 분란전후의 어미쥐에게 영양부족을 시키면, 새끼쥐 뇌성장발육과 조성이 정상적으로 될 수 없음을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.199-209
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• 1984

Pregnant rats were fed a pyridoxine deficient diet during the gestation and lactation. DEF I group received the deficient diet from delivery ; DEF II group, from the 15 th day of gestation. Body and brain weights, brain protein, DNA, RNA, plasma GOT and GPT, and catecholamines were measured. Effect of MAO inhibiting drug, pargyline, was determined. Brain protein, DNA, and RNA of offsprings of deficient groups were significantly lower than the control group, but RNA/ DNA, brain weight/DNA, and protein/DNA show that cell number were more affected than cell size by the pyridoxine deficiency during the 3rd week of gestation and lactation. Plasma GOT activities were more significantly different than plasma GPT between the control and deficient group. Brain norepinephrine of offsprings of deficient group were significantly lower than the control, but brain dopamine content was not significantly different from the control. At 2nd and 3rd week, norepinephrine was significantly depressed in deficient groups. Pargyline treatment affected a 1.2 fold increase in catecholamines in 3hr while the control had a 1.5 fold increase. Thus norepinephrine and dopamine synthesis was depressed in the deficient groups. Dopaminergic neurons may be less dependent on pyridoxine level than neurons from norepinephrine. Pyridoxine deficiency in maternal diet is not so critical to brain catecholamines of offspring except to the neonatal rats.

• 약학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.165-175
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• 1985

It has been reported that clonidine is $\alpha_2$-adrenergic agonist, potnet new hypotensive drug in human with low dose. The change in blood pressure is implicated in the concentration, release, uptake and metabalism of catecholamine and activity of catecholamine synthesizing enzyme in specific brain areas. Thus the experiment was set up to investigate the effect on the enzyme activity of clonidine alone and that of clonidine pretreated with imipramine or tranylcypromine by measuring activity of the Dopa-forming enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and epinephrine forming enzyme, phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (PNMT) in brain and adrenal gland. The TH activity in brainstem and substantia nigra is decreased by intraperitoneally administered clonidine 0.1mg/kg twice a day for 5 days, but increased in the rats pretreated with imipramine 10mg/kg intraperitoneally given 26 hrs and 5 hrs before decaptitation. However the TH activity in all regions of brain is increased in rats pretreated with tranylcypromine 10mg/kg intraperitoneally twice a day for 5 days. The effect of clonidine on TH activity is due to inhibition release of norepinephrine by activation of presynaptic $\alpha_2$-adrenoreceptor, axon terminal result in the decrease of TH activity in brain. The increasing of TH activity in brain results in attenuation of the role of clonidine by pretreated with imipramine or tranylcypromine in rats. The activity of PNMT was not significantly affected by clonidine, imipramine and tranylcypromine in adrenal gland.

• 약학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.50-54
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• 1988

A simple and sensitive method was studied for the simultaneous determination of catecholamine, indoleamine and their related metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector. Norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and their metabolites of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, 5-indoleacetic acid were resolved from rat brain tissue homogenates by separation on reversed phase $C_{18}$ column with mobile phase consisting of monochloroacetate buffer (pH2.47), 1.42mM sodium octyl sulfonate and 7% acetonitrile. Both catechols and indoles can be eluted in 15min. The sensitivities of this method are sufficient for determination of at least 100 pg of neurochemical amines in brain samples, for example, frontal cortex, olfactory bulb, striatum, septum, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, medulla & pons and cerebellum. The highest level of dopamine was observed in striatum whereas norepinephrine and serotonin were in hypothalamus.