• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2005

This study was carried out to identify a high-resolution marker for a gene conferring resistance to brown planthopper (BPH) biotype 1, using japonica type resistant lines. Bulked segregant analyses were conducted using 520 RAPD primers to identify RAPD fragments linked to the BPH resistance gene. Eleven RAPDs were shown to be polymorphic amplicons between resistant and susceptible progeny. One of these primers, OPE 18, which amplified a 923 bp band tightly linked to resistance, was converted into a sequence-tagged-site (STS) marker. The STS marker, BpE18-3, was easily detectable as a dominant band with tight linkage (3.9cM) to Bph1. It promises to be useful as a marker for assisted selection of resistant progeny in backcross breeding programs to introgress the resistance gene into elite japonica cultivars.

• 유변학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 1999

열잠재성 개시제인 N-benzylpyrazinium hexafluoroantimonate (BPH)를 에폭시 수지에 페놀-노볼락 수지의 혼합비가 각각 0, 5, 10, 20 그리고 40 wt.%로 구성된 혼합물에 1 wt.% 첨가 시킨 후 혼합 조성비에 따른 경화 동력학, 열안정성 그리고 유변학적 특성에 관하여 연구하였다. 열잠재특성은 동적 DSC를 이용하여 반응 온도에 대한 전화량을 구하여 측정하였다. 본 양이온 BPH 시스템은 에폭시-페놀 경화 시스템의 열잠재성 개시제로서 유용하다는 것이 입증되었다. 페놀-노볼락 수지의 농도 증가는 브랜드 시스템의 잠재온도 감소와 경화 활성화 에너지($E_a$) 증가를 나타내었다. 브랜드 시스템의 열안정성과 유변학적 특성은 TGA와 rheometer를 사용한 등온 실험을 통하여 각각 조사하였다. 결과로서, TGA를 이용하여 구한 열안정성과 분해 활성화 에너지($E_t$) 그리고 rheometer에 의한 gel time과 가교 활성화 에너지($E_c$)는 페놀-노볼락 수지가 20~40 wt.% 조성범위에서 혼합될 때 증가하였다. 이는 페놀 수지내의 수산기 그룹, 에폭시 수지내의 에폭사이드환 그리고 BPH간의 3차원 가교 반응에 기인한다.

• Composites Research
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 열잠재성 양이온 촉매인 N-benzylpyrazinium hexafluoroantimonate (BPH)와 benryl-2,5-dimethylpyrazinium hexafluoroantimonate (BDPH)를 합성하였고, 이관능성 에폭시 수지(diglycidylether of bisphenol A, DGEBA)에 개시제로 1 wt.%의 촉매를 혼합하여 DSC, NIR TGA 그리고 DMA를 이용하여 경화거동과 열안정성을 알아보았다. 촉매의 잠재특성은 $100∼180^{\circ}$의 반응 온도에 따른 전환율을 near-IR로부터 조사하였다. NIR 분석으로부터, BPH에 의한 에폭시 수지의 전환율은 BDPH와 비교하여 높은 전환율을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 TGA 분석 결과, 초기 열분해 온도(IDT)와 적분 열분해 온도(IPDT)에 입각하여 DGEBA/BDPH 시스템의 열안정성이 DGEBA/BPH 시스템보다 상대적으로 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 이는 BDPH 구조의 입체 장애로 인해 BPH보다 열안정성 인자이 더 낮게 측정된 것으로 판단된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2021

The therapeutic effects of the leaves of Couroupita guianensis, a large tropical tree in the family of Lecythidaceae improving testosterone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) were tested in vitro and in vivo. In BPH rats induced by castration and testosterone treatment, the prostate index was improved in groups administered with the extracts of C. guianensis extracted with 50%-, 100%-ethanol or boiling water, which was comparable with positive control, finasteride. The extract C. guianensis leaves showed significant inhibition on the expressions of type 2 5-alpha reductase (5αR) in RWPE-1 human prostatic epithelial cells, and effectively attenuated the expressions of androgen receptor, type 2 5αR and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in LNCap human prostatic adenocarcinoma cells. The leaves of C. guianensis that exerted evident suppression on BPH-related biomarkers in vitro and improvement of prostate index in vivo has a potential therapeutic use for the treatment of BPH.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2053-2058
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• 2013

Background: Formation of new blood vessels is necessary for the development and spread of neoplasms more than 1 mm3 in volume, angiogenesis being responsible for formation of new from pre-existing blood vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is pivotal and the best studied angiogenic factor in all human cancers. Therefore we designed this study to investigate the role of VEGF-A and VEGF-C in prostate cancer in comparison with BPH controls in a north Indian population. Methods: In this case-control study a total of 100 subjects were included on the basis of confirmed histopathological reports, out of which 50 were prostate cancer patients and the other 50 were BPH patients with PSA levels >2 ng/ml and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings during September 2009 to August 2011 from the Department of Urology, KGMU, Lucknow, India. Plasma levels of VEGF were determined using quantitative immunoassay (ELISA-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 15.0 version. Results: The mean age of prostate cancer ($67.6{\pm}5.72$) patients was significantly higher (p=0.005) than BPH ($63.6{\pm}7.92$) patients. Expression of VEGF-A was not significantly higher in disease stage C1 than D1 or D2 and A or B (p=0.13) while the level of VEGF-A was significantly higher (p=0.04) in prostate cancer as compared to BPH subjects (PCa=13.0 pg/ml, BPH=6.8 pg/ml). Levels of VEGF-C were similar in both groups (PCa=832.6 pg/ml, BPH=823.7 pg/ml). In ROC curve, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.70 (95%CI: 0.60-0.80) and the cut-off value for which a higher proportion of patients was correctly classified (20%) was 26.0 pg/mL. Conclusion: Although VEGF-A is increased in cancer prostate patients a statistically significant correlation could not be established in this study. VEGF-C was not found to be a useful biomarker.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.238-243
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• 2019

In this study, the marker compounds of Curcumae Rhizoma (CR) were simultaneously quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector and the anti-inflammatory effects of CR extract and marker compounds in human benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial-1 (BPH-1) cell lines were investigated. The marker components (4S,5S)-(+)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide, furanodienone, and germacrone, were separated on Gemini $C_{18}$ columns ($250mm{\times}4.6mm$, $5{\mu}m$) at $40^{\circ}C$ by using a gradient of two mobile phases eluting at 1.0 mL/min. Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) levels in Human BPH-1 cells were determined with an ELISA kit. The coefficients of determination in a calibration curve of each analyte were all 0.9997. The limits of detection and quantification of the three compounds were $0.10-0.32{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.30-0.98{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The content of three compounds, (4S,5S)-(+)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide, furanodienone, and germacrone, in the CR sample were found to be 5.79 - 5.92 mg/g, 4.72 - 4.86 mg/g, and 1.06 - 1.09 mg/g, respectively. Regarding pharmacological activity against benign prostatic hyperplasia, CR and its components significantly suppressed $PGE_2$ levels of BPH-1 cells. The established analysis method will help to improve quality assessment of CR samples and related products. In addition, CR and its components exhibit antiinflammatory activity in BPH-1 cells, suggesting the inhibitory efficacy of these compounds against the pathogenesis of BPH.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2009

벼멸구 저항성 유전자의 mapping, 벼멸구 저항성 관련 QTL 분석, 주요 농업형질과 벼멸구 저항성과의 관계 분석 등에 관한 연구를 수행 하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 벼멸구 저항성을 가진 통일형 벼인 '삼강'과 자포니카형 벼인 '낙동'을 교배하여 양성된 $F_1$의 약을 배양하여 육성된 120 DH 계통을 유전자 지도 작성을 위한 mapping 재료로 이용 하였다. Maker 검정에서 양친에 다양성을 나타낸 SSR 73, STS 89개 등 총 162개의 marker를 이용하여 전체 길이가 1,884 cM이고 평균 marker간 거리가 11.6 cM인 연관지도를 작성하였다. 유전자지도 작성에 이용된 120 DH 계통에 대한 벼멸구 저항성 정도를 조사하여 저항성 관련 QTL을 분석한 바, 3번, 6번, 7번, 8번 그리고 12번 염색체에서 1개씩 총 5개의 QTL을 확인하고 이들을 qBPR3, qBPR6, qBPR7, qBPR8, qBPR12로 명명하였다. 간장, 수장, 수수 및 출수일수에 대한 QTL을 분석하여, 총8개의 QTL이 7개의 염색체에 위치하는 것으로 확인되었다. 벼멸구 저항성과 주요 농업형질관련 QTL과의 연관관계를 분석한 바, 3번 염색체 상의 벼멸구 저항성 QTL(qBPR3)이 간장 및 수수 관련 QTL(qCL3, qNP6)과 연관되어 있었으며, 7번 염색체 상의 qBPR7은 분상질립 관련 QTL qPGC7.1과 qPWBP7.2과 그리고 8번 염색체상의 벼멸구 저항성 QTL 역시 간장관련 QTL(qCL8)과 연관되어 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3863-3868
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• 2012

In this study mitochondrial D-Loop variations in Iranian prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients were investigated. Tumour samples and corresponding non-cancerous prostate tissue from 40 prostate cancer patients and 40 age-matched BPH patients were collected. The entire mtD-loop region (16024-576) was amplified using the PCR method and products were gel-purified and subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing. A total of 129 variations were found, the most frequent being 263A${\rightarrow}$G and 310T${\rightarrow}$C among both BPH and prostate cancer patients. Variation of 309 C${\rightarrow}$T was significantly more frequent in prostate cancer patients (P value<0.05). Four novel variations were observed on comparison with the MITOMAP database. Novel variations were np16154delT, np366G${\rightarrow}$A, np389G${\rightarrow}$A and 56insT. There was no correspondence between the different variations and the age of subjects. Considering that D-loop variations were frequent in both BPH and prostate cancer patients in our study, the fact that both groups had high average age can be a possible contributing factor. D-loop polymorphisms and microsatellite instability can influence cell physiology and result in a benign or malignant phenotype. Significantly higher frequency of 309 C${\rightarrow}$T variation in cancer patients is a notable finding and must be a focus of attention in future studies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.804-810
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• 1999

There is a possibility that carvone, a monoterpene from spearmint (Mentha spicata), could induce the bph degradative pathway and genes in Alcaligenes eutrophus H850, which is a known Gram-negative PCB degrader with a broad substrate specificity that was thoroughly investigated with Arthrobacter sp. BIB, a Gram-positive PCB degrader. The strains BIB and H850 were unable to utilize and grow on the plant terpene [(R)-(-)-carvone] (50ppm) to be recognized as a sole carbon source. Nevertheless, the carvone did induce 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (encoded by bphC) in the strain B lB, as observed by a resting cell assay that monitors accumulation of a yellow meta ring fission product from 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCBp). The monoterpene, however, did not appear to induce the meta cleavage pathway in the strain H850. Instead, an assumption was made that the strain might be using an alternative pathway, probably the ortho-cleavage pathway. A reverse transcription (RT)-PCR system, utilizing primers designed from a conserved region of the bphC gene of Arthrobacter sp. M5, was employed to verify the occurrence of the alternative pathway. A successful amplification (182bp) of mRNA transcribed from the N-terminal region of the bphC gene was accomplished in H850 cells induced by carvone (50ppm) as well as in biphenyl-growth cells. It is, therefore, likely that H850 possesses a specific PCB degradation pathway and hence a different substrate specificity compared with B1B. This study will contribute to an elucidation of the dynamic aspects of PCB bioremediation in terms of roles played by PCB degraders and plant terpenes as natural inducer substrates that are ubiquitous and environmentally compatible.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.530-535
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• 2009

디시클로헥실 텔루르염은 에탄올 수용액에서 NaTeH와 디시클로헥실 브롬화물의 반응에 의해 높은 수율로 얻어진다. 일반식 ${(cyclo-C_6H_11)}_2Te(R)X$ (where R = $CH_3$, X = I (1); R = $C_2H_5$, X = Br(2); R = $C_2H_5$, X = I (3); R = C_3H_5$, X = Br (4)) 인 유기텔루로늄의 새로운 시리즈는 그에 상응하는 알킬 할로겐화물과 ${(cyclo-C_6H_11)}_2Te$의 반응에 의해 만들어진다. $NaBPh_4$와 1의 반응은 78% 수율로 화합물 5를 제공하였다. 벤질 브롬화물과 ${(cyclo-C_6H_11)}_2Te$, 4-bromophenacyl bromide의 반응에서는 뜻밖에 각각dibenzylcyclohexyltelluronium 브롬화물과 and bis(4-bromophenacyl)cyclohexyltelluronium bromide을 얻었다. 높은 수율의 tetraphenylborate 유도체는 $NaBPh_4$과 6의 반응으로 얻었다. $CDCl_3$용매에서 $^1H$ NMR분석을 통해 화합물 1 이 알킬 할로겐화물의 제거 반응을 일으킴을 확인할 수 있었다. 새로운 화합물은 전도성, IR, $^1H$와$^{13}C$ NMR, 열분석를 통해 규명되었다.