• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.283-287
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• 2022

Machine Learning is the most popular method used in data science. Growth of data is not only numeric data but also text data. Most of the algorithm of supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms use numeric data. Now it is required to convert text data into numeric. There are many techniques for this conversion. Researcher confuses which technique is best in what situation. Here in proposed work BOW (Bag-of-Words) and TF-IDF (Term-Frequency-Inverse-Document-Frequency) has been studied based on different features to determine best method. After experimental results on text data, TF-IDF and BOW both provide better performance at range from 100 to 150 number of features.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2011

In an attempt to respond to the increase in international oil prices and reduce operating expenses, ship remodeling was carried out on a 740ton class tuna purse seiner. To strengthen the competitiveness of the fisheries industry by improving vessel performance, a bulbous bow was newly equipped. The slipway and rudder area were also lengthened and enlarged with the propeller and main engine remained unchanged. To reduce the hull resistance, a circle type bulbous bow was attached on the hull behind bow thruster and thus the cost for exchanging electrical equipment for bow thruster was reduced. The new rudder area was expanded 15% more than the old one within the extent that the existing mechanical control part and rudder stock were not changed. To prevent fishing net damage and stabilize wake field, slipway was lengthened to the optimal position. All of the new design of remodeling parts went through the model tests in towing tank and CWC. Besides resistance test, all of necessary model test results were delivered for hydrodynamic character for the modified ship. The maneuvering simulation to verify that the remodeled ship satisfies the IMO rules was performed in both zigzag and turning tests. The estimated resistance with new bulbous bow and lengthened stern was reduced by 4.8% in the 2-dimensional analysis and 17.4% in the 3-dimensional analysis in comparison of conventional ship. The average reduction of resistance was estimated about 10%. Maneuvering character of modified hull form was found to satisfy all regulations under IMO. The remodeling of tuna purse seiner can not only improve fishing performance but also contribute to reduction of operating cost by saving energy for the fisheries industry.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2011

The appearance of CSR changes the concept of the hull form design as well as structural design, since the application of CSR inevitably brings the lightweight increase of a ship. Keeping the original design constraints such as principal particulars, deadweight, and speed performance, designers have to increase the volume of the hull form. As a result, the entrance angle at bow end should become larger, which results in blunter waterline shape. For a slow and full ship having high $C_B$ more than 0.85, a new concept of bow shape has been required to alleviate the increase of wave-making resistance, since it is very difficult to improve waterline and frameline shape for such a full ship. In this paper a new bow shape of Capesize Bulk Carrier was developed to improve its wave-making characteristics without incompliance with the design constraints. For loading manual calculation, NAPA software was used. FLUENT6.3.26 and WAVIS1.4 were used to evaluate resistance performance of the subject hull forms. The newly designed hull form was tested at SSPA model basin for the final confirmation of resistance and propulsion performance of the ship. It was found that the new bow shape of a Capesize Bulk Carrier improved the resistance characteristics greatly compared to a conventional bulbous bow. The other benefits of new bow shape on the manufacturability were also investigated.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-126
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• 2001

The potential pollution problems resulting from tanker collision necessitate the requirement for an effective structural design and the development of relevant safety regulation. During a few decades, the great effort has been made by International Maritime Organization and the Administration, etc, to reduce oil spillage from collision accidents. However there is still a need for investigation in the light of structural evaluation method for the experiments and rational analysis, and design development for an operational purpose of ships. This study is aimed at investigating a complicated structural response of bow structures of oil carriers for assessing the energy dissipation and crushing mechanics of striking vessel through a methodology of the numerical analysts for the various models and its design changes. Through this study an optimal bow construction absorbing great portion of kinetic energy in the least penetration depth prior to reach to the cargo area and an effective location of collision bulkhead are investigated. In order to obtain a rational results in this study, three stages of response analysis procedures are performed as follows; 1). 16 simplified ship models are used to investigate the structural response against bow collision with variation of primary and secondary members. Mass and speed are also varied in two conditions. 2). 21 models conisted of 5 size of full scaled oil carriers are used to perform the collision simulation with the various sizes and deadweight delivered in a recent which are complied with SOLAS and MARPOL. 3). 36 models of 100k oil carrier are used to investigate the structural response and its influence to the collision bulkhead against bow collision in variation with location of collision bulkhead, primary mombers, framing system and colliding conditions, etc.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Various offshore structures such as FPSO, FSO, Semi-submersible, TLP and Spar are operated to develop offshore oil and gas fields. Most of the offshore structures shall be operated over 20 years under the harsh environments at sites so that the offshore structures should be designed to endure the harsh environments. In this study, the effect of the impact load (so called slapping load) by the steep waves acting on the FPSO bow is investigated through the model test. For measurement of the impact pressures on the frontal area, a bow-shaped panel was fabricated, and installed the pressure sensors on the bow starboard side of the model FPSO. During the model test campaign, the impact load was investigated using the steep waves with $Hs/{\lambda}$ greater than 1/16 of the representative wave condition. Consequently, it is confirmed through the model test that the impact loads acting on the FPSO bow are significantly increased with the steep waves ($Hs/{\lambda}$ > 1/16) than the representative wave conditions of a maximum significant wave height and a pitch forcing period. Therefore, for safe design of North Sea FPSO, it is necessary to consider the steep waves in addition to the representative wave conditions and to be applied as proper structural load. Also, the effect of random seeds in irregular waves should be considered to build the safe FPSO.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.769-776
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 균일한 슬롯 폭을 갖는 5 GHz 대역 보우타이 형태의 미앤더 슬롯 안테나를 제안한다. 보우타이 슬롯안테나는 광대역 특성을 갖는 반면 크기가 크다는 단점이 있고, 미앤더 슬롯 안테나는 소형이지만 대역폭이 좁다. 그러므로 광대역 특성을 갖는 소형 안테나의 개발을 위하여, 일반적인 형태의 미앤더 슬롯을 보우타이 형태로 변화시켰다. 모의실험결과, 제안된 안테나는 같은 슬롯 폭과 슬롯 길이를 갖는 미앤더 슬롯 안테나보다는 대역폭이 3배정도 넓고, 같은 크기를 갖는 보우타이 슬롯 안테나보다는 공진 주파수가 3.01 GHz낮아짐을 볼 수 있었으며, 측정결과, 제안된 안테나는 소형이지만, 대역폭이 218 MHz(5.142 GHZ - 5.360 GHz)로써 원하는 동작 주파수(5.15 GHz - 5.35 GHz)를 만족한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1445-1450
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 1.7-2.7 GHz 대역에서 동작하는 이동통신 기지국용 광대역 직렬 급전 보우타이 다이폴 쌍(series-fed bow-tie dipole pair; SBDP) 안테나를 제안하였다. 기존의 직렬 급전 다이폴 쌍(series-fed dipole pair; SDP) 안테나에서 사용하는 직선 스트립 다이폴 소자 대신에, 제안된 안테나는 보우타이 모양의 다이폴 소자를 사용하였다. 시뮬레이션 분석 결과, 양 끝으로 벌어진 각도가 증가할수록 안테나의 가장 낮은 동작 주파수가 저주파수 대역으로 이동하였으며, 이를 이용하여 저주파수 대역으로 이동한 만큼 다이폴 소자의 길이를 줄일 수 있다. 양 끝으로 벌어진 각도가 10도인 SBDP 안테나를 FR4 기판(비유전율 4.4, 두께 1.6 mm) 상에 제작하였고, SDP 안테나와 비교하여 폭이 10% 줄어들었다. 제작된 SBDP 안테나를 측정한 결과, 전압 정재파비(voltage standing wave ratio; VSWR)가 2 이하인 임피던스 대역폭은 48.8% (1.69-2.78 GHz), 이득은 5.8-6.3 dBi, 전후방비는 14-17 dB이다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.50-62
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 비대선형에서 구상선수의 형상변화가 저항성능에 미치는 영향을 조사해 보기 위하여 구상선수 계열들을 창안하고 이들의 모형시험 결과를 비교 분석한 내용이 기술되었다. 구상선수의 형상을 결정짓는 7가지의 변수를 생각하고 이들을 체계적으로 변화시켜 구상선수 형상변화의 영향을 실험적으로 조사하도록 계획하였다. 총 23개 선형의 모형선을 제작하였으며, 각 선형에 대하여 저항시험, 유선조사시험 및 선측파고 계측시험이 수행되었다. 구상선수의 형상변화와 모형시험 결과와를 상호 비교 분석하기 위하여 유사한 특성의 구상선수들을 모아서 9개 그룹으로 분류하였으며 각 그룹 별 저항성분의 변화 경향을 분석해 본 결과 비대선에서는 형상저항이 전저항에 지배적인 영향이 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 모형시험 결과 및 이의 통계적 분석 자료로부터 비대선에서는 구상선수 주위의 유선의 방향이 저항성분들과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 저항성분들 중에서도 형상저항과 더욱 밀접한 관계가 있다는 사실을 발견하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.601-608
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 선수 돌출의 반전형 선수 형상을 가진 고속 쌍동선의 선체부착 부가물에 의한 주행성능 영향에 대하여 수치해석과 회류수조 모형시험을 통하여 비교분석하였다. 반전형 선수 형상은 재래식 선수 형상보다 선수 발산파 파정의 생성위치를 선미방향으로 이동시켜 개선된 조파형상을 보이며, 저항 및 안정된 항주자세에 효과적임을 보였다(Kim et al., 2019). 본 연구에서의 반전형 선수 내측에 부착된 핀과 선미단 인터셉터(Interceptor)에 의한 파형과 항주자세 변화 등 주행성능에 대한 모형시험 결과에서는, 1) 반전형 선수의 Trim 특성 2) Fin에 의한 내측 파의 중첩 개선 3) Fin과 Interceptor에 의한 자세제어는 두 선체 연결갑판(Wetdeck) 충격을 줄이는데 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.170-176
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• 2020

본 연구는 선박의 조종성능에 직접 영향을 미치는 방향타의 양력, 항력 및 모멘트를 전산유체역학을 이용하여 연구하였다. 힘과 모멘트에 영향을 미치는 전형적인 선박 방향타 중 하나는 바다에서 조종하는 동안 선수 타이다. 따라서 선박 선수타에 대한 힘과 모멘트를 연구하였다. IFS 선수 타 시리즈 중 균형 IFS 54 BR 15는 연구에 사용되었다. 난류 모델로는 표준 k-epsilon이 연구에 적용되었다. 선수 타의 유체 역학, 특히 양력, 항력 및 모멘트 계수는 서로 다른 공격 각도에 대해 계산되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 유동과 선수 타 사이의 받침각은 0도에서 5도 간격씩 35도까지 총 6개이다. 선박의 운동 성능에 미치는 영향에 대한 계산 결과는 이전 실험 연구 결과와 비교되었다.