• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.495-519
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• 2013

This paper investigates properties of integral operators in complex variable boundary integral equation in plane elasticity, which is derived from the Somigliana identity in the complex variable form. The generalized Sokhotski-Plemelj's formulae are used to obtain the BIE in complex variable. The properties of some integral operators in the interior problem are studied in detail. The Neumann and Dirichlet problems are analyzed. The prior condition for solution is studied. The solvability of the formulated problems is addressed. Similar analysis is carried out for the exterior problem. It is found that the properties of some integral operators in the exterior boundary value problem (BVP) are quite different from their counterparts in the interior BVP.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

The objectives of this study is intended to analyze stresses using the boundary element method and probability analysis for agricultural structure. Loads and material properties are an important factor when analyzing the structure. Until now, designing structure, loads and material properties are applied deterministic value. However, load and material properties involve uncertainties due to those change probabilistic and deterministic methods could not consider uncertainties. To solve these problems, the reliability analysis based on probability properties scheme was developed. Reliability analysis is easy to approach to analysis frame structure, however it has limitation when solving plane stress strain problems a kind of agricultural structures. The BEM (Boundary Element Method) is able to analysis plane strain problems by boundary conditions. Thus, this study applied boundary element method to analysis plane strain problem, load and material properties as a probabilistic value to calculate the analytical model using Monte Carlo simulations were developed.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.20-29
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• 1999

Temperature has important effect on mechanical properties of wood. These effect needs to be understood and taken into account in the structural use of wood. Furthermore, the effect of cooling after exposing to high temperature must be explained. In this study, the effect of temperature, exposure time, specific gravity, and cooling on bending properties were investigated. The boundary temperatures at which bending MOE and MOR reduced rapidly were approximately $200^{\circ}C$ and $150^{\circ}C$, respectively. This boundary temperature was nearly constant with independence of species(specific gravity), exposure time, and cooling. Above the boundary temperature, the effect of exposure time was increased with temperature and the reduction of bending MOE and MOR for Japanese Larch with relatively higher specific gravity was smaller than that of Hem-fir. The recovery of bending MOE and MOR after cooling was also more significant above the boundary temperature than below. The degree of cooling effect was larger for MOR than MOE. Consequently, bending properties of wood in elevated temperatures should be considered in terms of the boundary temperature, $200^{\circ}C$ for bending MOE, $150^{\circ}C$ for MOR, and these boundary temperatures must be considered an important factor. Furthermore, to evaluate the safety of structure, the recovery after cooling should be considered.

• Multiscale and Multiphysics Mechanics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 2016

Amyloid fibrils have recently been considered as an interesting material, since they exhibit the excellent mechanical properties such as elastic modulus in the order of 10 GPa, which is larger than that of other protein materials. Despite recent findings of these excellent mechanical properties for amyloid fibrils, it has not been fully understood how these excellent mechanical properties are achieved. In this work, we have studied the nanomechanical deformation behaviors and properties of amyloid fibrils such as their elastic modulus as well as fracture strength, by using atomistic simulations, particularly steered molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulation results suggest the important role of the length of amyloid fibrils in their mechanical properties such that the fracture force of amyloid fibril is increased when the fibril length decreases. This length scale effect is attributed to the rupture mechanisms of hydrogen bonds that sustain the fibril structure. Moreover, we have investigated the effect of boundary condition on the nanomechanical deformation mechanisms of amyloid fibrils. It is found that the fracture force is critically affected by boundary condition. Our study highlights the crucial role of both fibril length and boundary condition in the nanomechanical properties of amyloid fibrils.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2009

The conventional methods of boundary-conformed 2D surfaces generation usually yield some problems. This paper deals with two boundary-conformed 2D surface generation methods, one conventional approach, the linear Coons method, and a new method, boundary-conformed interpolation. In this new method, unidirectional 2D surface has been generated using some of the geometric properties of the given boundary curves. A method of simultaneous displacement of the interpolated curves from the opposite boundaries has been adopted. The geometric properties considered for displacements include weighted combination of angle bisector and linear displacement vectors at all the data-points of the two opposite generating curves. The algorithm has one adjustable parameter that controls the characteristics of transformation of one set of curves from its parents. This unidirectional process has been extended to bi-directional parameterization by superimposing two sets of unidirectional curves generated from both boundary pairs. Case studies show that this algorithm gives reasonably smooth transformation of the boundaries. This algorithm is more robust than the linear Coons method and capable of resolving the 2D boundary-conformed parameterization problems.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.875-882
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• 2004

Let (M,g) be a compact m dimensional Einstein manifold with smooth boundary. Let $\Delta$$_{p}$,B be the realization of the p form valued Laplacian with a suitable boundary condition B. Let Spec($\Delta$$_{p}$,B) be the spectrum where each eigenvalue is repeated according to multiplicity. We show that certain geometric properties of the boundary may be spectrally characterized in terms of this data where we fix the Einstein constant.ant.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1950-1957
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• 2004

Analysis for structures composed of materials containing regularly spaced in-homogeneities is usually executed by using averaged material properties. In order to evaluate the effective properties, a unit cell is defined and loaded somehow, and its response is investigated. The imposed loading, however, should accord to the status of unit cells immersed in the macroscopic structure to secure the accuracy of the properties. In this study, mathematical description for the periodicity of the displacement field is derived and its direct implementation into FE models of unit cell is attempted. Conventional finite element code needs no modification, and only the boundary of unit cell should be constrained in a way that the periodicity is preserved. The proposed method is applicable to skew arrayed in-homogeneity problems. Homogenized in-plane elastic properties are evaluated for a few representative cases and the accuracy is examined.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.72 no.6
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• pp.713-722
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• 2019

Micromechanics is a technique for the analysis of composites or heterogeneous materials which focuses on the components of the intended structure. Each one of the components can exhibit isotropic behavior, but the microstructure characteristics of the heterogeneous material result in the anisotropic behavior of the structure. In this research, the general mechanical properties of a 3D anisotropic and heterogeneous Representative Volume Element (RVE), have been determined by applying periodic boundary conditions (PBCs), using the Asymptotic Homogenization Theory (AHT) and strain energy. In order to use the homogenization theory and apply the periodic boundary conditions, the ABAQUS scripting interface (ASI) has been used along with the Python programming language. The results have been compared with those of the Homogeneous Boundary Conditions method, which leads to an overestimation of the effective mechanical properties. According to the results, applying homogenous boundary conditions results in a 33% and 13% increase in the shear moduli G₂₃ and G₁₂, respectively. In polymeric composites, the fibers have linear and brittle behavior, while the resin exhibits a non-linear behavior. Therefore, the nonlinear effects of resin on the mechanical properties of the composite material is studied using a user-defined subroutine in Fortran (USDFLD). The non-linear shear stress-strain behavior of unidirectional composite laminates has been obtained. Results indicate that at arbitrary constant stress as 80 MPa in-plane shear modulus, G₁₂, experienced a 47%, 41% and 31% reduction at the fiber volume fraction of 30%, 50% and 70%, compared to the linear assumption. The results of this study are in good agreement with the analytical and experimental results available in the literature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10b
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• pp.207-208
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• 2002

In the present study, the friction and wear properties of boundary lubricated textured surfaces were investigated. The capability of textured surfaces to feed lubricant into the interface of a sliding contact and to isolate wear partices was studied and related to the properties of the textured surfaces. Well-defined surface textures were produced by lithography and anisotropic etching of silicon wafers. Different widths and distributions of parallel groves were manufactured and subsequently the wafers were PVD coated with thin wear resistant TiN or DLC coatings, retaining the substrate texture. The surfaces were evaluated in reciprocating sliding against a ball bearing steel ball under starved or boundary lubricated conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1996

The influence of grain boundary on the electrical properties of WO3-doped SrTiO3 ceramics has been investi-gated. From the result resistivity and capacitance of grains and boundaries were obtained by employing impedance spectrocopy. And the temperature dependance of capacitance of WO3-doped SrTiO3. was influenced directly by the variation of grain boundary capacitance. It was also found by impedance spectroscopy that the dispersion frequency characteristics showed discernibly that the resistivity of the specimen varied with WO3 content.