• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2011

For a NAND booting based embedded system, an application program on the NAND flash memory is downloaded to the RAM when the system is booted. In this case, the application program exists in both the RAM and the NAND flash so the RAM usage is increased. In this paper, we suggested the demand paging technique for the decreasing of the RAM usage for OS-less NAND booting based embedded systems. As a result of a benchmark test, 40~80% of the code memory usage was reduced with below 5% of execution time delay.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.851-858
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• 2010

Most mobile devices use a NAND flash memory as their secondary memory. A compressed code of the firmware is stored in the NAND flash memory of mobile devices in order to reduce the size and the loading time of the firmware from the NAND flash memory to a main memory. In order to use a demand paging properly, a compressed code should be decompressed very quickly. The thesis introduces a new dictionary based compression algorithm for the fast decompression. The introduced compression algorithm uses a different method with the current LZ method by storing the "exclusive or" value of the two instructions when the instruction for compression is not equal to the referenced instruction. Therefore, the thesis introduces a new compression format that minimizes the bit operation in order to improve the speed of decompression. The experimental results show that the decoding time is reduced up to 5 times and the compression ratio is improved up to 4% compared to the zlib. Moreover, the proposed compression method with the fast decoding time leads to 10-20% speed up of booting time compared to the booting time of the uncompressed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.301-304
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• 2013

In this paper, to improve the fast boot and soft real-time for the responsiveness in Qplus with relative evaluation rather than an absolute evaluation using validated to perform the services actually used. Qplus is included soft real-time, fast booting, and file system technology. There is a development board that mounted on an embedded Linux and Qplus. AV (Audio / Video) group communications is ported on the development board for soft real-time multimedia streaming services and to evaluate the performance of communication. We performed three major evaluation such as booting time measurement experiment, own performance measurement experiments for soft real-time measurement experiment, and performance measurement experiments for via the network communication performance evaluation. They are a practical Qplus performance evaluation and analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a method of embedded linux light-weight to improve efficiency of application running on embedded systems. Three methods including fast booting scheme applying the Hibernation technique, JFFS2 file system optimization applying the Symbolic Link and virtual address mapping, kernel light-weight that guarantees the general purpose was applied. Since then check the system dependency and generate kernel image according to the target embedded kit. And embedded system performance of existing linux and linux which the method proposed in this paper was compared. In experimental result, the kernel size was 9.6% improved and the system booting time was 18% improved. And application processing speed on target embedded kit was improved 11% in the best case, 66% in the worst case. This result show that the light-weight method proposed in this paper is guarantee fast booting time and securing resources and it is good for the application processing speed improvement.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.491-498
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• 2016

Recently leakages of confidential information and internal date have been steadily increasing by using booting technique on portable OS such as Windows PE stored in portable storage devices (USB or CD/DVD etc). This method allows to bypass security software such as USB security or media control solution installed in the target PC, to extract data or insert malicious code by mounting the PC's storage devices after booting up the portable OS. Also this booting method doesn't record a log file such as traces of removable storage devices. Thus it is difficult to identify whether the data are leaked and use trace-back technique. In this paper is to propose method to help facilitate the process of digital forensic investigation or audit of a company by collecting and analyzing BIOS firmware images that record data relating to BIOS settings in flash memory and finding traces of portable storage devices that can be regarded as abnormal events.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of organic Se concentration and the number of foliar applications on growth characteristics and Se content in rice. METHODS AND RESULTS: A series of multiple foliar applications were performed at (1) 3 times (maximum tillering stage + booting stage + heading stage), (2) 4 times I (effective tillering stage + maximum tillering stage + booting stage + heading stage), (3) 4 times II (maximum tillering stage + booting stage + heading stage + grain filling stage) according to the development stage. Each set of the foliar application plots was treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 100 ppm of Se and with mixed pesticide ($P^*$ + Se 40 ppm) in which the treatment time was the same as that of the treatment 4 times II. The total cultivation period of rice was 184 days. Se contents in rice (brown rice, white rice) were analyzed by ICP. CONCLUSION: The number of grains per head tended to decrease with increasing concentrations of organic Se in all treatments. However, number of panicles per hill did not show statically significant differences between the 3 times and 4 times I treatments. The grain yield decreased with the 3 times and 4 times II, but there was no significant difference in 4 times I. Se content in brown rice was the highest at 100 ppm Se (5268.64) treatment and lowest at 10 ppm Se ($1269.19{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) treatment. Se content in the polished rice was the highest at 100 ppm Se (5047.33) treatment and lowest at 10 ppm Se ($885.05{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) treatment. The higher selenium was treated, the higher Se content was found in the rice (brown rice, polished rice).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.144-144
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• 2022

The amount of required forage is increasing by 20% every year in South Korea, but the cultivation area for forage production is limited. The yield ability of triticale forage is the highest among the winter forage crops including rye and the crop has cold tolerance within the average low temperature of -10℃ in January. Therefore, this study analyzed effects of sowing and harvesting times on feed value and quality for efficiently using and supplying triticale as livestock feed. Seed of the triticales, 'Joseong' was sown in 2021 fall (October) and 2022 spring (March). The triticales were harvested according to growth stages: seedling stage, booting stage, heading stage, 10 days after heading, and 20 days after heading. Moisture contents of each harvested triticales were adjusted to about 60%, and then the triticales were fermented for 40 days at room temperature under anaerobic conditions as silage. We have analyzed pH and organic acid to determine the feed value and quality of each silage. The contents of lactic acid in silage ofthe triticale harvested at the seedling stage of both fall and spring-sown (1.61%, 1.63%) were the highest among all of the silages; the booting stage (0.75%, 1.33%), the heading stage (0.50%, 0.69%), 10 days after the heading stage (0.31%, 0.42%), and 20 days after heading stage (0.22%, 0.40%). Such as the contents of lactic acid in the silages, and the pH value of the silages The pH value in both the fall- and spring-sown became lower as the triticale was grown up: seedling stage (7.05, 6.85), booting stage (6.21, 6.75), heading stage (6.18, 6.28), 10 days after heading stage (6.22, 6.17), and 20 days after heading stage (6.15, 5.81). Taken together, the results showed that the feed value and quality of triticale silage were more affected by harvesting time than sowing time.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.4 s.45
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• pp.203-211
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• 1980

The pattern of blast disease incidence of Tonsil-line rice varieties derived from the cross between Indica and Japonica type was quite different from that of Japonica-type rice varieties. The former showed discontinuity between the incidence of leaf blast and panicle blast; the incidence .of leaf blast was slight, while that of panicle blast was very severe. Different level of nitrogen fertilizer applied influenced significantly the incidence of leaf blast but influenced slightly the incidence of panicle blast of Tongil-line rice varieties. The infection percentage of panicle blast of Tongil-line rice varieties was about $90\%$ and most of them were infected in leaf sheaths during booting stage, but infection of panicle blast of Japonica-type rice varieties in leaf sheaths during booting stage was very low, only about $3\%$. Infection route of panicle blast in leaf sheaths during booting stage, microflora in leaf sheaths, and specific susceptibility of young panicle to blast disease were investigated in the epidemiological point of view.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1989.02a
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• pp.36-37
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• 1989

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.143-143
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• 2020