• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.803-813
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• 2003

Literature suggests that iron deficiency anemia is prevalent among pregnant women all over the world. This study was designed to evaluate the iron status of pregnant women during the fist five months, with the intention of determining ways to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women in Korea. We collected dietary information and measured the biochemical status of iron in 171 pregnant women over 16 weeks of gestation (=16.7$\pm$2.34 week). Dietary intakes for 3 days were collected using the 24 hour recall and food record methods. The daily Fe intake was measured using the food frequency method. The Body Mass Index (BMI), calculated by using the pre-pregnancy weight and height, indicated that 31.3% of subjects were under-weight. We divided the subjects into normal and anemic group by using the serum ferritin levels. It appeared that the mean dietary intake of iron was 52.3% of the recommended level for pregnant women. The dietary quality evaluation showed that pregnant women ate only 58% of the recommended amount in the food groups of meat, fish, eggs, beans and milk and dairy products. The hematological indices showed that the mean Hemoglobin (Hb) was 11.9 g/dl, Hematocrit (Hct) was 35.1%, ferritin was 23.9 $ng/ml$, and transferrin was 297.3 ${\mu}g/dl$. The dietary intake of iron was significantly lower and the vitamin C intake was significantly higher in the anemic group. The pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly lower in the anemic group. Variables affecting iron intake were the Fe intake frequency index and the food group score. The Fe index showed significantly positive correlation with the pre-pregnancy food intake and the food group score. Hb showed a significantly positive correlation with the pre-pregnancy food intake. We concluded that strategies to improve iron status be implemented in the pre-pregnant stage so as to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency and that we should stress on the importance of an adequate diet as well as the maintenance of a heathy weight.

• Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.393-403
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• 2018

Background: This study compared nutritional parameters in hemodialysis (HD) subjects and controls using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and investigated how BIA components changed before and after HD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 147 subjects on maintenance HD from two hospitals and 298 propensity score-matched controls from one healthcare center. BIA was performed pre- and post-HD at mid-week dialysis sessions. Results: Extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) and waist-hip ratio were higher in the HD patients; the other variables were higher in the control group. The cardiothoracic ratio correlated best with overhydration (r = 0.425, P < 0.01) in HD subjects. Blood pressure, hemoglobin, creatinine, and uric acid positively correlated with the lean tissue index in controls; however, most of these nutritional markers did not show significant correlations in HD subjects. Normal hydrated weight was predicted to be higher in the pre-HD than post-HD measurements. Predicted ultrafiltration (UF) volume difference based on pre- and post-HD ECW/TBW and measured UF volume difference showed a close correlation ($r^2=0.924$, P < 0.01). Remarkably, the leg phase angle increased in the post-HD period. Conclusion: The estimated normal hydrated weight using ECW/TBW can be a good marker for determining dry weight. HD subjects had higher ECW/TBW but most nutritional indices were inferior to those of controls. It was possible to predict UF volume differences using BIA, but the post-HD increase in leg phase angle, a nutritional marker, must be interpreted with caution.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 외모 관련 사회문화적 태도와 사회적 압박감, 스트레스가 신체상 불일치에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위함이다. 연구 대상자로 C시와 A시 4년제 대학에 다니는 대학생 363명을 표집하였다. 구조화된 자가보고 설문지를 통해 2016년 10월 27일부터 12월 9일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 자료분석을 위해 SPSS 20.0 통계 프로그램의 기술 통계 및 상관 분석, 다중 회귀분석을 적용하였다. 연구결과에서 신체상 불일치 정도는 여학생의 외모 관련 사회문화적 태도(r=.406, p=.006), 친구에 의한 압박감(r=.197, p<.001), 부모에 의한 압박감(r=.176, p=.002), 스트레스(r=.218, p<.001)와 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 신체상 불일치는 친구에 의한 압박감(${\beta}=.159$, p=.007), 스트레스(${\beta}=.186$, p=.002), BMI(${\beta}=.186$, p=.002)가 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 이 변수들은 대상자의 신체상 불일치에 대해 10.9%의 설명력을 보였다. 따라서 신체상 불일치를 줄이기 위해서는 대학생들이 건강 유지 목적으로 체중과 스트레스 관리를 할 수 있게 하고, 타인의 시선이나 평가로 인해 상처받지 않고, 긍정적인 자기 인식을 가질 수 있도록 하는 보건교육 및 건강증진 프로그램 개발이 요구된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.769-776
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• 2004

Data from 24 feeding trials conducted on lactating cattle from different institutes across India were subjected to regression analysis to derive requirements of ME, TDN, CP and DCP for maintenance, milk production and body weight gain. Maintenance requirements for ME, TDN, CP and DCP were 598 KJ, 39.5 g, 6.27 g and 2.90 g/kg $W^{0.75}$, respectively and the corresponding requirements for production of 1 kg 4% FCM were 5,023 KJ, 332 g, 82 g and 58 g. The corresponding requirements for one g gain in BW were 27 KJ, 1.78 g, 0.44 g and 0.19 g. Regression equations had high $R^{2}$ values (0.67 to 0.90) and the equations (Fvalue) as well as coefficients were highly significant (p<0.001). Regressed values were used to develop feeding standards. Derived values matched well with the actual intake versus performance of animals under diverse feeding conditions. The new standards so derived predicted requirements and intake of nutrients for different production levels better than existing feeding standards; as these are based on a more thorough analysis of a larger database, the new feeding standards will be appropriate for wide use in India.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2002

A metabolism trial with four castrated male Brahman cattle, average body weight 320 kg, was conducted in order to determine the nutritive value of chopped sugarcane stalk (CSS) for the establishment of feeding strategy in the dry season in Northeast Thailand. Animals were subjected to the following four dietary treatments: Treatment 1; 100% of CSS, Treatment 2; 70% of CSS and 30% of commercial complete feed (TMR), Treatment 3; 40% of CSS and 60% of TMR, and Treatment 4; 100% of TMR. The average CP, ether extracts, nitrogen free extracts, crude fiber and ash contents of CSS were 2.0, 0.9, 79.0, 16.1 and 2.2%, respectively. Although the amount of feed given was approximately at maintenance level, animals in treatments 1 and 2 refused a part of feed. The metabolism trial revealed that total digestible nutrient and metabolizable energy contents of CSS were 61.5% and 9.04 MJ/kgDM, respectively, when it was properly supplemented with protein sources. Nutritive value of CSS was lowered when animals were given CSS solely. This was due to the large loss of energy into urine and methane. Voluntary intake of CSS in cattle was not enough to satisfy energy requirement for maintenance. The CSS can be used as a roughage for feeding cattle in the dry season with proper supplementation of protein and energy.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.185-195
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• 2014

목적 본 연구는 신생아중환자실에 입원해 있는 극소저체중출생아를 대상으로 녹음된 엄마목소리 들려주기 중재의 효과를 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법 부산시내에 소재하는 D대학교의료원의 신생아중환자실에 입원한 대상자를 임의표출하여 비동등성 대조군 전후설계로 총 22명의 영아중 실험군 11명, 대조군 11명을 대상으로 하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 결과 녹음된 엄마 목소리 들려주기를 제공받은 극소저체중출생아의 생리적 반응인 심박동수, 호흡수와 산소포화도에서 실험군과 대조군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 수면행동상태는 실험군이 대조군보다 안정된 상태를 보였다. 또한 일일체중증가의 변화량이 실험군에서 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 하지만 두 군 간에 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 결론 본 연구를 통해 극소저체중출생아 자기 엄마의 녹음된 엄마목소리 들려주기는 극소저체중출생아의 초기 양육환경 조성에 매우 긍정적인 프로그램임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 입원기간 동안 영아와 부모 사이의 상호작용 증진의 기회를 제공하여 극소저체중출생아 돌봄에 엄마의 적극적인 참여를 유도할 수 있다는 점에서 아동간호 실무 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.849-856
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• 2017

Objective: The net energy requirement for the maintenance ($NE_m$) of broilers was determined using regression models by the indirect calorimetry method (ICM) or the comparative slaughter method (CSM). Methods: A $2{\times}4$ factorial arrangement of treatments including the evaluation method (ICM or CSM) and feed intake (25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of ad libitum recommended) was employed in this experiment. In the ICM, 96 male Arbor Acres (AA) birds aged d 15 were used with 4 birds per replicate and 6 replicates in each treatment. In the CSM, 116 male AA birds aged d 15 were used. Among these 116 birds, 20 were selected as for initial data and 96 were assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replicate cages and 4 birds each. The linear regression between retained energy (RE) and metabolizable energy intake (MEI) or the logarithmic regression between heat production (HP) and MEI were used to calculate the metabolizable or net energy requirement for maintenance ($ME_m$) or $NE_m$, respectively. Results: The evaluation method did not detect any differences in the metabolizable energy (ME), net energy (NE), and NE:ME of diet, and in the MEI, HP, and RE of broilers. The MEI, HP, and RE of broilers decreased (p<0.01) as the feed intake decreased. No evaluation method${\times}$feed intake interaction was observed on these parameters. The $ME_m$ and $NE_m$ estimated from the linear relationship were 594 and 386 kJ/kg of body weight $(BW)^{0.75}/d$ in the ICM, and 618 and 404 kJ/kg of $BW^{0.75}/d$ in the CSM, respectively. The $ME_m$ and $NE_m$ estimated by logarithmic regression were 607 and 448 kJ/kg of $BW^{0.75}/d$ in the ICM, and were 619 and 462 kJ/kg of $BW^{0.75}/d$ in the CSM, respectively. Conclusion: The NEm values obtained in this study provide references for estimating the NE values of broiler diets.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2003

수소 육성과 비육단계에서 필요로 하는 유지에너지 요구량을 구하기 위해 체중 100kg에서 400kg까지 100kg 증체 간격(100, 200, 300, 400 kg)으로 각 9두를 이용한 3처리(에너지 급여수준) 3반복의 에너지 균형 시험을 수행하였다. 에너지 급여수준은 대사에너지(Metabolizable energy; ME)로 1) 유지에너지 수준(Maintenance, 1.0M), 2) 유지에너지의 1.5배(1.5M), 3) 유지에너지의 2배(2.0M)을 섭취 할 수 있도록 1일 사료급여량을 정하였고, 조사료와 농후사료의 비율은 40:60을 유지하였다. 이와 같은 시험 설계를 기초로 각 체중별로 국내에서 주로 이용되는 볏짚(실험 I), 목건초(실험 II), 옥수수 사일리지(실험 III)의 조사료가 다른 조건에서의 유지에너지 요구량을 구하였다. 체중별 MEm은 체중 100kg시 99.80 kcal/ MBS로 가장 높았던 반면 체중 200kg시 가장낮아 94.48 kcal/$W^{0.75}$였고, Kg의 경우 0.36-0.57의 범위에 있었다. 체중별 성적을 종합 분석한 결과, 유지를 위한 대사에너지(MEm)는 95.80kcal, 증체를 위한 대사에너지 이용효율(Kg)은 0.44로 평가되어졌다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2001

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin) in rat model of depression induced by chronic mild stress (CMS). Methods : The change of the consumption of sucrose solution was measured, and the open field test and passive avoidance conditioning test were performed to investigate the anti-depressive effect of Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin). Results : The results were as follows; I. The consumption of sucrose solution was significantly reversed in the test group at 5, 7 and 8 weeks, but there was no significant change in the control group. 2. There was no significant change of body weight after 8 weeks in each group 3. In the open field test, there was significant increase of exploratory activity in the test group. 4. In the passive avoidance test, the test group showed differences in the maintenance of retention from the control group at the 2-week training-testing interval. Conclusions : The present results suggest that Punsimgi-eum(fenxingi-yin) has an anti-depressive effect.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.303-308
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• 1992

Three female sheep were daily administered a pyrophosphate analogue, disodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) at the level of 4 mg/kg body weight. HEBP largely suppressed bone resorption, which was indicated by the reduction in plasma free hydroxyproline concentration and in calcium mobilization rate during the intravenous infusion of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA). Contrary to the suppression of bone resorption, plasma total-calcium, magnesium and phosphorus concentrations were not changed by HEBP administration. These results suggest that bone mineral crystals play a meaningless role on calcium, magnesium and phosphorus homeostasis in ruminants if they are fed adequate amounts of these minerals. Plasma magnesium and phosphorus concentrations were not significantly changed after feeding. However, plasma total-calcium was decreased after feeding in both periods and the reduction seemed to be remarkable in the HEBP-treated period. Infusion of EDTA more remarkably reduced plasma ionized calcium concentration in the HEBP-treated that in the untreated period and the recovery of ionized calcium was retarded by HEBP administration. These results suggest that calcium release from bone is necessary for maintenance of plasma calcium when animals rapidly lose calcium.