• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2011

온보드영상장치(OBI)를 사용하고 있는 콘빔CT(CBCT)를 이용하여 인체 팬텀 자세 및 위치와 모의치료시 인체 팬텀 자세 및 위치를 비교하여 CBCT의 3D 타깃 위치의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 실제방사선 치료와 동일한 과정으로 모의 치료계획을 하기 위해서 인체 팬텀(The Rando Phantom) 을 set up 한다. 기준점에 놓인 인체팬텀에서 CBCT를 이용하여 평행이동 및 회전이동 하였다. 이때 얻어진 영상들의 위치 차이에 대한 평균 및 편차를 인체 팬텀의 실제 이동 값과 비교하였다. 실험은 10회씩 반복하여 오차의 표준 편차를 구하였다. CBCT로 획득한 영상과 모의치료 시 획득한 CT영상을 비교하는 3D/3D 매칭에서 평균 setup의 residual error의 평균 및 표준편차는 lateral $0.2{\pm}-0.2$ mm, longitudinal $0.4{\pm}0.3$ mm, vertical $-0.4{\pm}0.1$ mm 로 각각 0~4 mm의 범위 이내로 나타났다. 모의실험 된 회전 내용은 $0.4{\pm}0.2$ mm, $0.3{\pm}0.3$ mm, 그리고 $0.3{\pm}0.4$ mm이다. 회전에 의한 error는 $0{\sim}0.6^{\circ}$ 범위이다. 인체 팬텀을 이용한 CBCT 3D/3D 매칭은 모의 치료 시와 환자 치료 시 정확한 정합을 함으로써 error를 최소화 하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2010

Frank Lloyd Wright(1867-1959) was regarded as the pioneer of the modern architecture in the beginning and transition period of 20th century. His works have the pure shape form which have the deep relationship with the organic architecture. Wright told himself that the Froebel System had an influence on his works a lot. This study have researched about the three dimensional application of the Froebel System in his works with assembling and disassembling. Also the two dimensional application in the diagonal and circular plans are the one of the subjects here. The following conclusions are reached. First, The similar of the Wright's works and the Froebel System was the application of the similar principles rather than the copy of the method, which are the accent of the center, the composition of the part and whole, the understanding of the composition principle through the unit system and the unfolding of the crystal by rotation. Even thought the Wright's works have the triangle, square, hexagonal shape, the way of the expansion from the centered space was same. Also the space formed by the division of the center space, unfolds making the part and whole by overlap and continuation. The 2nd Froebel make space decided by the Net and Crystal Lattices which have the crystal characteristics by the rotation. The new geometric architecture, pinwheel, was created by this method. The application of the Froebel in the Wright's works have the several sets which are the 3th, 4th, 5th, 6th Froebels, 2nd, 7th Froebels and the 3th, 5th, 9th Froebels. The geometrical analysis of the square shape and the diagonal shape of the Wright's works was possible. The unfolding of the centered space can be found in the Guggenheim Museum using the analysis of the circular geometric of the 9th Froebel. The above study proves that the Froebel was not a mere tool for the basic shape training but also the main body of Wright's works which consists of the organic idea and philosophy of the space.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.103-122
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• 2009

정보기술이 발전함에 따라 최근 기업 환경이 매우 복잡해지고 분산화되고 있다. 이러한 시점에서 각 기업간의 그리고 부서 및 지점간의 프로세스 상호운용 및 협력이 중요한 이슈로 떠오르고 있다. 따라서 기업간 비즈니스 프로세스와 메시지 등을 교류할 수 있는 상호운영성이 기업들에게 필수적인 요소로 고려되고 있다. 지금까지 많은 기술자와 연구자들에 의해 기업간 워크플로우 상호운용성을 위한 개념적 프레임워크를 꾸준히 제안하여왔다. 그러나 이러한 개념적 프레임워크의 제안도 중요하지만 이보다 우선적으로 해결되어야 될 것은 비즈니스 프로세스 상호운용에 장애가 되는 충돌에 대한 개념적 모델링과 정확한 분석이다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 워크플로우 패턴들에 대한 연구들을 정리해 보여 줄 뿐만 아니라, 여러 기업간 비즈니스 프로세스가 상호운용시 발생할 수 있는 충돌패턴들을 제시할 것이다. 이러한 충돌패턴들에 관한 연구는 여러 기업들이 복잡한 비즈니스 프로세스를 문제없이 효율적으로 상호운용할 수 있도록 도움을 주는 기본적인 정보가 될 것이다. 또한 선행연구들에서 제안된 프레임워크들의 실질적 상호운용성 제공에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.3-18
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• 2013

This paper investigates the possibility of expanding pay-for-performance (P4P) program as a provider payment system, in terms of financial, economical, and political sustainability. In order to expand the sustainable P4P, P4P should have usefulness in terms of economic value as well as efficiency in the financial aspects of health care. More importantly, the P4P would be politically sustainable only when both providers and consumers can accept. Korea's healthcare system seems to have logical ground for the P4P program financially and economically. However, how well the P4P can work remains to be proven in its implementation. After 43 tertiary hospitals applied the P4P program for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and C-section in 2007, the number of hospitals adopting the P4P program for AMI and C-section has increased to 316 in 2011, and an incentive for hospitals applying the P4P has risen to 2% from 1% of health insurance benefits. This shows that the P4P program introduced by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service is quite successful. In addition, people are aware of the need for improved P4P program and policy alternatives have been already made. Therefore, it is very important to come up with politically supportable strategies that can make providers and consumers accept the P4P program while maintaining the governance of the existing health insurance policy. To this end, there are some tasks to be considered. First, the expansion of the P4P program should be placed on the agenda of the Health Insurance Policy Review Committee, the highest decision-making body, and a separate agency for P4P planning should be established. Second, for more efficient P4P program, the processes of review and assessment, currently carried out separately, should be integrated into a single process. Third, infrastructure to measure the quality of medical services should be sharply expanded. Fourth, the current paradigm for the assessment should be changed. Lastly, a P4P program for consumers should be considered. Given that the consumers in Korea can use medical services freely, the National Health Insurance Corporation could initiate the P4P program for consumers as a means of controlling excessive use of medical services and adjusting consumer's moral hazard.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.633-639
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• 2018

하천환경을 구성하고 있는 복잡하고 다양한 인자의 특성에 따라 공간을 세밀하게 분류하기 위해서는 원격탐사(RS)를 통해 고해상도의 영상을 확보하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구는 하천공간을 대상으로 환경 특성에 따른 공간 분류를 수행하기 위해 드론을 활용하여 취득한 고해상도 초분광 영상의 활용 가능성을 제시하고, 분류 결과에 대한 정확도를 평가하고자 하였다. 연구지역에서 획득한 초분광 영상은 노이즈로 인한 영향을 줄이고자 MNF와 PCA 기법으로 차원축소를 수행하였으며, MLC(Maximum Likelihood Classification)와 SVM(Support Vector Machine), SAM(Spectral Angle Mapping) 감독분류기법을 적용하여 하천환경특성에 따른 공간분류를 수행하였다. 연구 결과 MNF기법으로 차원 축소한 영상을 적용하여 MLC 감독분류를 수행하였을 때 가장 높은 분류정확도를 얻을 수 있었으나, 일부 클래스 및 수역의 경계와 그림자 공간에서 주로 오분류가 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 앞으로 드론과 초분광센서를 적용한 원격탐사를 위한 기초자료로 활용 할 수 있으며, 추가적인 알고리즘 개발을 통해 보다 광범위한 하천환경 분야에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was performed to approach of properties-flavours theory and the study of morphological standard in CORNI FRUCTUS. Methods : The properties-flavours theory were attempted with bibliographic method and various climate-information. The external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Results and conclusion : 1. The significant analysis for the corni fructus as the properties-flavours theory, is a follow-up survey of the effect written in the official oriental medicine book. 2. The other analytic methods according to the gathering time, processing or storing system or especially nature or growth environment(altitude, temperature,. the mean moisture, and the agronomical survey) by way of the explanation of properties-flavours theory appears so many insufficiency at the many cases. 3. The external and internal characteristics according to the shape of original plant or herbal states, entirely correspond to all the literature on this subject. 4. According to the place of production, there are some different points. (l) In the external shapes, it is reasonable that if we make the basic standard of classification by the sharpness of color, the existence of gloss and the size of products. In the case of the Korean products, it shows bright and glossy color totally, but in the case of North Korea products, it shows black and lackluster. And in the case of the foreign products, it has softer body than Korea one and shows white color on the surface. (2) In the internal shapes, the Korea products has a thicker cuticle layer than the foreign one, and has fewer ca-oxalate in the parenchyma cell.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2010

미취학 아동의 창의적 사고, 다양한 경험 기반의 학습 활동, 그리고 인성 및 감성 중심의 교육에 대한 욕구를 충족시켜줄 수 있는 새로운 교육 방식으로써 체감형 교육 방식의 보급이 활발해지고 있다. 체감형 학습은 사용자의 움직임이나 감각을 통해 디지털 교육 콘텐츠를 조작하는 인간-컴퓨터 인터랙션을 활용한 교육 방식이다. 그러나 사람의 움직임이나 목소리 같은 음성/영상 인식의 정확도가 높지 않아 실제 교육 시스템 적용에는 한계를 보인다. 이러한 한계점의 극복을 위해 인간과 서비스 콘텐츠 사이에 매개체를 두고 이를 통해 사람의 움직임을 가속도, 각속도와 같은 숫자 값으로 변환/전송하여 인터랙션 하는 매개 인터페이스 개념이 제안된다. 본 연구에서는, 교육 시스템의 대상인 미취학 아동의 행동을 관찰하고 프로토콜 분석을 통하여 사용자 중심의 매개 디바이스 디자인 요구사항을 제안한다. 분석 결과, 미취학 아동들은 물체를 조작하는 데 서툴고, 무의식적으로 물체를 만지작거리거나 기대는 행동을 보였다. 또한 물건을 사용할 때 그에 종속되어 행동의 부자연스러움을 보였다. 따라서 체감형 교육을 위한 매개 디바이스는 사용자의 익숙하지 않은 조작을 보조할 수 있어야 하며, 디바이스 사용 중에도 자연스러운 행동을 유지할 수 있도록 디자인되어야 한다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-68
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• 1993

The purpose of this paper is to survey the influence of the culture change on the dress and personal adornments, and to survey the change of factors from the August 15. 1945 to 1960, in connection with the social and cultural background, applying B. Malinowski′s "Theory of Culture Change" which means an acculturation is the change′s elements of the dress and its ornaments. It is remarkable that the dress and personal adornments of Korean women after August 15, 1945 has great change from the traditional dress of the thousands years. Through the Liveration on August 15, 1945, American military government and the establishment of the Korean government, American democracy has brought many changes on Korean society. Advancement of education, an society with developed economic life, and introduction of scientific skill have influenced on the women′s way of thinking and a style of behavior and the view of value. The acculturation, the supply of mass communication, introduction of new institution and the reorganization of the old institution, the change of the economic situation, the change of the educational system, the change of the point of value, the development of scientific skill have greatly influenced on the dress and personal adornments. Modern dress and personal adornments of Korean women has the following developing procedure. The Liberation from Japan on the 15th, of August, 1945, the stationing of American Soldiers during hte Koran War, returning of the oversea′s brethern, and the mass communication have the direct and indirect contact with western civilization, and bring the occasion of development of the modern dress of Korean women. The increase of mass communication, such as radio, TV, newspaper, magazines and the frequent fashion shows showed fine design and practical western style dress to the women. This was the real beginning of the western style dress in Korea. By the increase of employment and the improvement of the economic situation, the consumption of clothing and the adornments was increased, so that a wide variety of fashions was set, and numerous kind and form of dress came in. As the increase of the number of women students, their practical and free dress life demanded western style dress. After the Liberation from Japan, the open-door policy of sex, public morals and traditional ethics became lax, and in this disordered society, indecent expose of the body was common. By the different kind of technological development, the form, fabrics, colors and patterns in clothes were much influenced and the hair style, make up, shoes and adornments were much influenced too. As shown above, the change of the dress has the same connection with that of society and culture. This shows that the dress and personal adornments represent clearly the cultural phenomenon of the society and cultural change of the society.

• 인터넷정보학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2013

The revelations made possible by Edward Snowden, a contractor of the US intelligence service NSA, are a sobering reminder that the Internet is not an 'anonymous' means of communication. In fact, the Internet has never been conceived with anonymity in mind. If anything, the Internet and networking technologies provide far more detailed and traceable information about where, when, with whom we communicate. The content of the communication can also be made available to third parties who obtain encryption keys or have the means of exploiting vulnerabilities (either by design or by oversight) of encryption software. Irrebuttable evidence has emerged that the US and the UK intelligence services have had an indiscriminate access to the meta-data of communications and, in some cases, the content of the communications in the name of security and protection of the public. The conventional means of judicial scrutiny of such an access turned out to be ineffectual. The most alarming attitude of the public and some politicians is "If you have nothing to hide, you need not be concerned." Where individuals have nothing to hide, intelligence services have no business in the first place to have a peek. If the public espouses the groundless assumption that State organs are benevolent "( they will have a look only to find out whether there are probable grounds to form a reasonable suspicion"), then the achievements of several hundred years of struggle to have the constitutional guarantees against invasion into privacy and liberty will quickly evaporate. This is an opportune moment to review some of the basic points about the protection of privacy and freedom of individuals. First, if one should hold a view that security can override liberty, one is most likely to lose both liberty and security. Civilized societies have developed the rule of law as the least damaging and most practicable arrangement to strike a balance between security and liberty. Whether we wish to give up the rule of law in the name of security requires a thorough scrutiny and an informed decision of the body politic. It is not a decision which can secretly be made in a closed chamber. Second, protection of privacy has always depended on human being's compliance with the rules rather than technical guarantees or robustness of technical means. It is easy to tear apart an envelope and have a look inside. It was, and still is, the normative prohibition (and our compliance) which provided us with protection of privacy. The same applies to electronic communications. With sufficient resources, surreptitiously undermining technical means of protecting privacy (such as encryption) is certainly 'possible'. But that does not mean that it is permissible. Third, although the Internet is clearly not an 'anonymous' means of communication, many users have a 'false sense of anonymity' which make them more vulnerable to prying eyes. More effort should be made to educate the general public about the technical nature of the Internet and encourage them to adopt user behaviour which is mindful of the possibilities of unwanted surveillance. Fourth, the US and the UK intelligence services have demonstrated that an international cooperation is possible and worked well in running the mechanism of massive surveillance and infiltration into data which travels globally. If that is possible, it should equally be possible to put in place a global mechanism of judicial scrutiny over a global attempt at surveillance.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1169-1180
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• 2005

First, I read all the materials, including Dongeuibogam(Encyclopedia Medica Koreana), classical writings on Lacca sinica exsiccata, herbal writings on lacquer poison, and herbal books on how to treat lacquer poison. And then after 1 examined all the details on qi and taste of Lacca sinica exsiccata, its efficacy, detoxification, lacquer poison, and its effects on body symptom, 1 got the following results. The order of frequency that Lacca sinica exsiccata is used in Dongeuibogam is pressure-feeling, blood circulation, and insect biting. Its way of intake is not so much through herb-boiling or powdered medicine as through hand-made pills. When medicine is used in the form of pills, the Lacca sinica exsiccata is more included among other ingredients. When old doctors treated pressure-feeling in the chest, they mixed up other herbs, with not putting more emphasis on the efficacy of lacquer 010 doctors believed that toxicity of Lacca sinica exsiccata is not having its own poison, but having biased dominance in the use of its qE and taste. The way or detoxification or Lacca sinica exsiccata is used in the order of crab-boiled water, egg, Xanthoxylum piperitum, Perilla frutescens, Astar tataricus, a weeping willow, iron-tempered water, and Allium toberosum. Special point in detoxificating lacquer poison is that they used medicines for well-ciruculating pulmonary stream, medicines for promoting to urinate or discharge by helping large colons to move, medicines for making the lacquer scar small, medicines for helping digest, and medicines for improving vessel function in the poisoned area. With the above results, the more profound study, based on the crab-boiled water and egg, is expected to go on to increase the effect on the one hand, and to make the new way of lessening or removing the toxicity of lacquer with more safe use on the other hand.