• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1971

Body volume, density and %fat were calculated by means of formulas using body height, weight, and surface area in 1,732 children aged between 6 and 12 years. Skinfold thicknesses on back, arm, waist and abdomen were measured by means of a Lange caliper. The course of increase in body volume was identical to those of body height, weight, relative weight and surface area. Curves of boys and girls showed a cross at the age of between 10 and 11 years. Body density of boys increased with the age and it decreased in girls. Total body fat showed a progressive decrease from the age of 6 in boys. In girls body fat increased progressively with the age. Skinfold thickness increased both in boys and girls with the age. At the same age skinfold thicknesses on all sites were greater in girls than boys.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.81-86
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• 1998

The light aggregates were fabricated by sintering green bodies made form the fly ash-clay alip. The content of fly ashes in the slip could be increased up to 70wt.% due to controlled rheological behavior of the slip, and the green body of uniform microstructure could be obtained by DCC(Direct Coagulation Casting)method. The apparent density, microstructure and compressive strength for sintered bodies fired at 1100∼1200$^{\circ}C$ were evaluated. The properties of light aggregates fabricated depend on slip density, particle behavior in the slip and sintering conditions. The sintered body prepared by firing a green body made from slip of density 1.60 at 1150$^{\circ}C$/2hr satisfied conditions of a light aggregate as apparent density of 1.49${\pm}$0.02 and compressive strength of 584${\pm}$62kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.29 no.8 s.239
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• pp.940-947
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• 2005

An immersed boundary method for simulation of density-stratified flows has been developed and applied to computation of viscous flows past three different types of obstacle under table density stratification, namely laminar flows past a vertical barrier, a cosine hill, and a sphere, respectively. Density forcing is introduced on the body surface or inside the body. Significant changes in flow characteristics are observed depending on Fr. The numerical results are in good agreement with other authors' experimental and numerical results currently available, and shed light on computation of density-stratified flows in complex geometries.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.379-382
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• 2003

In gravity data correction process, mass effect of the upper part of base level is removed with Bouguer density. Usually, Bouguer density is estimated as a mean density in the field area. But, this may causes a serious problem when ore body is in the area. To overcome this problem, we tried to apply a new method mixing up mass corrections and inversion (3DGTI). 3-D Gravity Terrain Inversion (3DGTI) includes information of topography and distribution of Bouguer density. For this method does not remove the mass effect above base level, it is no longer useless to use Bouguer density. Numerical model tests have shown that the 3DGIT successfully retrieves the anomalous subsurface density distribution of both surface and deeper layers. Model tests shows that this method shows better results than those of conventional one, especially when main target is ore body. The inversion result well delineates the three-dimensional shape of the intruded granite body and basement.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2005

Objectives : Osteoporosis is generally occurred in old age, especially postmenopausal women therefore, it is relatively overlook osteoporosis in children, but the authors have paid attention to bone density in children because maximizing peak bone mass of childhood is advocated as a way to prevent osteoporosis and environmental factor of childhood play role in the regulation of bone density. the present study was performed to measure bone density of children and to assess the influence of age, sex, body size, exercise, weak symptoms on bone density during the period of bone growth. Methods : We have measured bone density of calcaneus bone in 283 children (male 144 female 139, ranged from3 to 18) who visited in growth clinic of Pediatrics, Dongguk University Bundang Oriental Hospital, using quantitative ultra sound densitometry and they were divided into 3 groups by age(3-10, 11-15, 15-18 years). Pearson's correlation was used to assessed the influence of age, body size and Student's t-test was used to detect differences in sex, exercise, weak symptoms between the groups on bone density Results : The bone density correlated with age, height, weight, body mass index in this study. Bone density were significantly higher in males than in female. Digestive weak children's bone density were lower than normal children. Conclusion : Weight-bearing exercise and food rich in nutrition are necessary to increase maximizing peak bone mass in children.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2013

Purpose: This study identified the effects of body weight control behaviors on bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean women aged 20 to 39 years. Methods: A secondary analysis of the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted. Asian-Pacific criteria of BMI (Body Mass Index) and BMD were calculated for 1,026 women selected. The effects of body weight control behaviors were assessed using binary multiple logistic regression analysis while controlling for BMI. Results: Osteopenia and osteoporosis rates were 32.8% and 2.0%, respectively. About 69% of women performed weight control behaviors, and a combination of diet/exercise (22.7%) and drug added methods (10.9%) for weight control. Women who performed both diet control and exercise had a lower possibility to have abnormal BMD than those who did not try weight control (OR=0.67, CI=0.45~0.98, p=.039). Further weight control behaviors did not influence abnormal BMD. Conclusion: Body weight control should include proper diet and exercise in accordance with each woman's BMI level.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.798-803
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• 2003

The effects of acupuncture and moxibustion at ST 36 (足三理) acupoint on the changes of body weight, related serum lipids and leptin density of the stomach were investigated. 3 groups of male, 7 animals each, were ad libitum standard diet for 5 days. Body weight was effective decreased for 5 days after moxibustion at ST 36 acupoint and the density of leptin which was related food intake and body weight deficiency was decreased remarkerbly in the mucosa of stomach. Moxibustion on ST 36 affected the levels of total cholesterol, glucose, HDL-cholesterol, but acupuncture on ST 36 affected only the levels of total lipid, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol. It is considered that the treatments of acupuncture and moxibustion at ST 36 (足三理) have different effect actively on body weight, serum lipids and leptin density and moxibustion of ST 36(足三理) can be applied as effective therapy for obesity.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.173-188
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• 2007

The general solution for two-dimensional magneto-electro-elastic media in terms of four harmonic displacement functions is proposed analytically. The expressions of specific solutions of magneto-electro-elastic plane problems with specific body forces are derived. Finally, based on the general solution in the case of distinct eigenvalues and the specific solution for density functionally gradient media, two kinds of beam problems with body forces depending only on the z or x coordinate are solved by the trial-and-error method.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.23.1-23.7
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• 2016

The effects of daily feeding frequency (Exp I), water temperature (Exp II), and stocking density (Exp III) on the growth of river puffer, Takifugu obscurus, juvenile fish of 10 and 40 g in body weight were examined to develop effective techniques to produce river puffer in a non-exchange water system. In Exp I, fish were fed commercial floating feed with 45 % protein one to five times per day to apparent satiation each by hand daily for 8 weeks at $25^{\circ}C$. In both the 10- and 40-g size groups, the final body weight, daily feed consumption, and weight gain of fish fed one meal per day were significantly lower than those of fish fed five meals per day (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the final body weight, daily feed consumption, and weight gain among fish fed two, three, and five meals per day. Feed efficiency showed decreasing tendency with increasing size of fish. In Exp II, fish of 10 and 40 g in initial body weight were reared with the commercial feed at $15-30^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. The weight gain of fish increased with raising water temperature up to $25^{\circ}C$ and decreased drastically at $30^{\circ}C$ for both sizes. The Q10 of specific growth rate was decreased with raising water temperature from 5.04 (temperature interval, $15-20^{\circ}C$) to 0.66 ($25-30^{\circ}C$) for the 10-g fish and from 4.98 to 0.31 for the 40-g fish. In Exp III, the effect of stocking density on growth was examined with fish of 10 and 40 g in initial body weight. The final body weight for initial stocking densities of 4, 8, and $12kg/m^3$ was significantly higher than that of $20kg/m^3$ for the 10-g fish, and the final stocking density reached 10.1, 19.2, 28.7, and $39.9kg/m^3$, respectively. For the 40-g fish, the final body weight for initial stocking densities of 3 and $6kg/m^3$ was significantly higher than that of 9 and $15kg/m^3$ and the final stocking density reached 7.38, 13.5, 17.1, and $27.5kg/m^3$, respectively (P < 0.05). In both groups, weight gain tended to decrease with increasing stocking density; however, survival showed no significant difference.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.581-583
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• 2004

This paper analysed the induced current density characteristics inside human body by extremely low frequency magnetic fields according to varying conductivities of human model. Human model was composed of several organs and other parts of 곳 human body, whose shapes were spheroids or cylinders. Organs taken into account were the brain, heart, lungs, liver and intestines. Applying the boundary element method to the human model, effects of the organ conductivity difference to the induced current distribution were estimated.