• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.551-554
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• 2001

A necessity of remote control robots or various searching robots etc. that accomplish works given instead of human under long distance and extreme environment such as volcano, universe, deep-sea exploration and nuclear power plant etc. is increasing, and so the development and the research regarding these mobile robots are actively progressing. The wheel mobile robot or the track mobile robot have a sufficient energy efficiency under this en, but also have a lot of limits to accomplish works given which are caused from the restriction of mobile ability. Therefore, recently many researches for the walking robot with superior mobility and energy efficiency on the terrain, which is uneven or where obstacles, inclination and stairways exist, have been doing. The research for these walking robots is separated into fields of mechanism and control system, gait research, circumference environment and system condition recognition etc. greatly. It is a research field that the gait research among these is the centralist in actual implementation of walking robot unlike different mobile robots. A research field for gait of walking robot is classified into two parts according to the nature of the stability and the walking speed, static gait or dynamic gait. While the speed of a static gait is lower than that of a dynamic gait, a static gait which moves the robot to maintain a static stability guarantees a superior stability relatively. A dynamic gait, which make the robot walk controlling the instability caused by the gravity during the two leg supporting period and so maintaining the stability of the robot body spontaneously, is suitable for high speed walking but has a relatively low stability and a difficulty in implementation compared with a static gait. The quadruped walking robot has a strong point that can embody these gaits together. In this research, we will develope an autonomous quadruped robot with an asaptibility to the environment by selectry appropriate gait, element such as duty factor, stride, trajectory, etc.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2020

Purpose: Obese children may often present with advanced bone age. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between factors associated with childhood obesity and advanced bone age. Methods: We enrolled 232 overweight or obese children. Anthropometric and laboratory data, and the degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were measured. We analyzed factors associated with advanced bone age by measuring the differences between bone and chronological ages. Results: The normal and advanced bone age groups were comprised of 183 (78.9%) and 49 (21.1%) children, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age significantly increased as the percentiles of height, weight, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) increased. BMI z-score was higher in the advanced bone age group than in the normal bone age group (2.43±0.52 vs. 2.10±0.46; p<0.001). The levels of insulin (27.80±26.13 μU/mL vs. 18.65±12.33 μU/mL; p=0.034) and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (6.56±6.18 vs. 4.43±2.93; p=0.037) were significantly higher, while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were lower (43.88±9.98 mg/dL vs. 48.95±10.50 mg/dL; p=0.005) in the advanced bone age group compared to those in the normal bone age group, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with metabolic syndrome than in those without (28.2% vs. 14.7%; p=0.016). The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with a more severe degree of NAFLD. Conclusion: Advanced bone age is associated with a severe degree of obesity and its complications.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 2012

Objectives: Serum uric acid levels have been reported to be associated with a variety of cardiovascular conditions. However, the direct association between uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome remains controversial. Thus, we evaluated the association of serum uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome in a community-based cohort study in Korea. Methods: We performed cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of 889 males and 1491 females (aged 38 to 87) who participated in baseline examinations of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study: Kanghwa study. Blood samples were collected after at least an 8 hour fast. Uric acid quartiles were defined as follows: <4.8, 4.8-<5.6, 5.6-<6.5, ${\geq}6.5$ mg/dL in males; and <3.8, 3.8- <4.3, 4.3 - <5.1, ${\geq}5.1$ mg/dL in females. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria with adjusted waist circumference cutoffs (90 cm for males; 80 cm for females). The association between serum uric acid quartiles and metabolic syndrome was assessed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The odds ratio for having metabolic syndrome in the highest versus lowest quartiles of serum uric acid levels was 2.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60 to 4.46) in males and 2.14 (95% CI, 1.50 to 3.05) in females after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, total cholesterol, HbA1c, albumin, ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and log C-reactive protein. The number of metabolic abnormalities also increased gradually with increasing serum uric acid levels (adjusted p for trend < 0.001 in both sexes). Conclusions: Higher serum uric acid levels are positively associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in Korean males and females.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.450-459
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• 2007

This study was performed to assess the relationships between bone mineral density(BMD), anthropometric measurements, and maternal factors in postmenopausal women. The anthropometric measurements were taken by a trained practitioner, and the maternal factors of the 85 subjects in Chungnam were acquired by an interview questionaire. The BMDs of the lumbar $spines(L_2-L_4)$, femoral necks(FN), ward's triangles(WT), and trochanters(TR) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). The BMDs(T-score) for $L_2-L_4$, FN, and WT were 0.996 $g/cm^2$(-1.601), 0.697 $g/cm^2(-1.657)$, and 0.793 $g/cm^2(-1.512)$ respectively, which were assessed as osteopenia by the T-score ; TR was noma1 at 0.718 $g/cm^2(-0.675)$. The 85 subjects in Chungnam were divided into three groups according to their BMD measurements for $L_2-L_4$ and FN, assessed by the T-score. The percentages in the osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups were 32.9%, 42.4, and 24.7%, respectively. The average age was significantly the highest in the osteoporosis group than in the other two osteopenia and normal group(p<0.001). The subjects' BMDs were positively correlated with weight, height, BMI, waist, WHR, OBR and hip circumference, and negatively correlated with the age, duration time after menopause, lactation, the age of last delivery, menarche age, and number of children. The average age at menopause was 48.8. The osteoporosis group's average age at menopause was lower than those of the other groups. However, the BMD of the lumbar spine positively correlated with duration time after menopause and the BMD of the femoral neck with lactation, last delivery, menarch age, number of children. Therefore, researches are needed to find out the effective way to minimize the effect of age and other physiological conditions on the decrease of bone mass density.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1242-1253
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to suggest a designing method with excellent body suitability by analyzing clothingwearing porosity, comparing and analyzing patterns, and evaluating outer appearances by designing a prototype of study applied with design measurements for categories that have influence on the outer appearance of clothing through diverse research methods, by comparing and analyzing bunka and new bunka style basic pattern, which are proportional basic patterns most frequently used in schools for educational use to design bodice pattern for elderly women in their late 60s. As for the process of this study, the first stage selected study subjects, measured bodies. The second stage compared patterns of bunka and new bunka style basic pattern and evaluated outer appearances that deduced important pattern designing categories to design upper-torso bodice pattern of elderly women. The results of this study are as following ; As a result of comparing and analyzing bunka and new bunka style basic pattern, overall evaluation of outer appearance was excellent for new bunka style basic pattern, and bunka basic pattern received better reviews for the width and depth of front neck. In terms of waist circumference, waist front length, bust point location and bust point-bust point, bunka and new bunka style basic patterns showed a significant difference. new bunka style basic pattern had 4.5cm larger front armhole depth than bunka basic pattern, so it was evaluated to have more appropriate front armhole length, bust point location, and bust point-bust point. Through observation for primary excellent categories and precedent studies, 7 categories of front neck width, front neck depth, front interscye, back neck width, back neck depth, back interscye, and back armhole depth were deduced to have relations to the extra room around arm holes and waist that affect pattern designing method and porosity and evaluations of outer appearance.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.605-618
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• 2014

This study aims to compare the ease of men's slim pants patterns, and to analyze the fit and appearance through the 3D virtual garment system. The study selected four educational materials and one industrial pattern of slim pants for a total of five items. The CLO 3D Modelist program was utilized to carry out the appearance evaluation through virtual wearing and opacity, and a comparison was performed regarding the clothing pressure when the virtual model was standing and walking. The results of our comparison of the patternmaking for slim pants showed that pattern C pants had the greatest ease on the waist circumference, while B pants showed no ease. The C and E pants also had the most ease on the hip measurement. In the appearance evaluation, A pants received the most favorable results, followed by D, E, B, and C, in descending order. The clothing pressure appeared to be mainly red on the waist, crotch, and hem when standing in all pants, so the clothing pressure was high. While walking, the stress appeared to be different for the left and right parts of the body, and the most significant difference was observed on the thigh area.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.167-178
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• 2020

This study attempted to find out the difference in the patterns of jeogori between commercially available Shinhanbok brands by comparing and analyzing the patterns of the changing Shinhanbok jeogori in consideration of material characteristics, fit, and fastening. After purchasing and disassembling 6 products, analysis was conducted with the disassembly pattern. As a result of analyzing the shape of the jeogori, the 1st, 3rd and 6th brands showed no darts. In the case of the 5th brand, the three-dimensional effect of the human body was expressed with a princess line. As a result of the appearance evaluation, the 5 brands were evaluated as the highest in most items except for the space of the front width and the group wrinkles of back sleeve armhole, and the appearance was analyzed to be the best. As a result of evaluating the clothing pressure, it was analyzed that the chest circumference of the first brand was smaller than that of the other brands, and the shoulder width and shoulder length were also shorter, and pulling occurred even after wearing. As the demand for new hanbok increases, it is believed that it is necessary to establish a size system for ready-made clothes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 1997

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of kidney and urinary bladder disease was performed in native Korea cattle. Ultrasonogaphic appearence of kidney and urinaryy baldder according to the growth were determined from 6 to 13 months by monthly examinations in 9 native Korean cattle. The kidney and urinary bladder were examined in standing position. The position, dimension, and structure of both kidneys were determined at 12 intercostal space and paralumbar fossa by use of ultrasonography. Ultrasonograms were obtained with 3.5 or 5.0-MHz sector transducer. The width and depth of the kidney, and the diameter of renal parenchyma and renal sinus were observed. Both kidneys were observedfrom the body surface until 8 months old age, but over the 9 months old age, only right kidney was easily accessible. The width of right kidney at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 5.7, 6.3, 6.9, 7.6, 8.4, 9.3, 9.8 and 10.7 cm, respectively. The depth 5.8, 6.1 and 6.6 cm, respectively. The size of left kidney was similar to right kidney until 8 months old age. After the 9 months old age, only right kidney was easily accessible. The circumference of urinary bladder at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 19.1, 21.7, 22.5, 23.0, 24.2, 25.3, 27.8 and 29.1 cm, respectively. Calculi in urinary bladder were observed by ultrasonography.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.363-369
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to perform exercise program for patients with borderline hypertension and hypertension. And the change of the metabolic syndrome index. This study was performed for 15 weeks on borderline hypertension, hypertension patients. 28 subjects participated in the exercise program for 40 minutes, three times a week for 15 weeks. The following conclusions were obtained. First, there was a significant correlation between the prevalence of metabolic syndrome before and after the exercise program. Second, there were significant differences in body weight, muscle mass, fat mass, BMI, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and blood sugar before and after 15 weeks of exercise program. This can lead to improved metabolic syndrome indicators in hypertensive patients with a muscle extension exercise program.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.479-485
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• 2017

This study provides basic indices for the development of a pet dog's dummy. Surveys were conducted with 71 owners of small dogs weighing under 10kg as preliminary research for information on pet dogs, uses and complaints about their clothes and demographic information to investigate wearing conditions. We collected pictures of 30 products sold in 12 brands at home and abroad to analyze size, materials, and patterns and investigate the actual production conditions. The survey results on wearing conditions indicated that 'Maltese' was the breed most often raised in households. Dogs weighing 'between 3kg and 4kg' were most common. Dogs under five years of age took up 53.5%. Most of the clothes were 'S' size, followed by 'M' and 'L' Most responded, 'The overall size does not fit' as an inconvenience when worn for long. Second, most brands developed products in three sizes. The displayed details included neck and chest circumference, back length and dummy height. Cotton and artificial leather were used most often for the outer fabric, cotton for the internal filling along with wire and aluminum for some products to maintain shape and motions. Most dummies consisted of back+outer leg, belly, inner leg and sole. Sometimes, a composition line was added by the chest shape, and an incision was placed between the body and leg for breeds with thick legs. Most patterns had a composition line in the leg connected from the belly.