• 제목/요약/키워드: body balance

검색결과 1,183건 처리시간 0.039초

Dynamic Energy Balance and Obesity Prevention

  • Yoo, Sunmi
    • Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
    • /
    • 제27권4호
    • /
    • pp.203-212
    • /
    • 2018
  • Dynamic energy balance can give clinicians important answers for why obesity is so resistant to control. When food intake is reduced for weight control, all components of energy expenditure change, including metabolic rate at rest (resting energy expenditure [REE]), metabolic rate of exercise, and adaptive thermogenesis. This means that a change in energy intake influences energy expenditure in a dynamic way. Mechanisms associated with reduction of total energy expenditure following weight loss are likely to be related to decreased body mass and enhanced metabolic efficiency. Reducing calorie intake results in a decrease in body weight, initially with a marked reduction in fat free mass and a decrease in REE, and this change is maintained for several years in a reduced state. Metabolic adaptation, which is not explained by changes in body composition, lasts for more than several years. These are powerful physiological adaptations that induce weight regain. To avoid a typically observed weight-loss and regain trajectory, realistic weight loss goals should be established and maintained for more than 1 year. Using a mathematical model can help clinicians formulate advice about diet control. It is important to emphasize steady efforts for several years to maintain reduced weight over efforts to lose weight. Because obesity is difficult to reverse, clinicians must prioritize obesity prevention. Obesity prevention strategies should have high feasibility, broad population reach, and relatively low cost, especially for young children who have the smallest energy gaps to change.

공군사관학교 여생도의 신체조성 및 체력에 관한 연구 (An Analysis of Body Composition and Physical Fitness of KAFA Female Cadets)

  • 송성우;곽재준
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
    • /
    • 제36권4호
    • /
    • pp.1060-1068
    • /
    • 2019
  • 대한민국 영공을 수호하게 될 공군사관학교 생도들의 체력은 주어진 임무를 완수하기 위하여 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 공군사관학교 여생도의 학년별 신체조성과 체력의 특성을 확인하고, 전체 여생도의 체지방률 수준에 따른 체력과의 관계를 검증하는데 그 목적이 있었다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 공군사관학교 전체 여생도 50명(1학년 13명, 2학년 18명, 3학년 9명, 4학년 10명)을 대상으로 신체조성(골격근량, 체지방량, 체질량지수, 체지방률, 복부지방률, 기초대사량)과 체력(근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성, 평형성)을 측정하였다. 자료처리는 학년별 신체조성과 체력의 특성을 파악하고 체지방률 수준에 따른 체력의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 일원변량분석을 하였다. 연구결과 여생도의 학년별 신체조성 중 체지방량, 체지방률에서 1학년이 4학년에 비해 낮았고, 2학년이 3-4학년에 비해 낮은 수치를 보였으며, 체질량지수는 2학년이 3-4학년에 비해 낮은 수치를 보였다. 여생도의 학년별 체력에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 체지방률에 따른 집단 간 체력은 순발력에서 20%미만 집단이 20~25%집단, 25.1~30%집단에 비해 높은 수치를 나타냈으며, 평형성은 20%미만인 집단이 25.1~30%집단에 비해 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 본 연구결과 여생도들의 학년별 신체조성에서 차이가 나타났으며, 특히 체지방률에 따라 순발력과 평형성에서 차이를 보였다. 따라서 공군사관학교 여생도는 공중 임무환경과 관련이 있는 순발력과 평형성 능력을 갖추기 위한 체지방의 관리의 필요성이 제기된다.

10주간의 고교 남자 핸드볼 선수 신체 안정화 프로그램 후 시각 반응 속도, 기능적 움직임, 신체 균형, 폐활량 변화 (Changes in Visual Response Speed, Functional Movement, Body Balance, and Lung Capacity after a 10-Week Body Stability Exercise Program for High School Male Handball Players)

  • 강양훈;김철승
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
    • /
    • 제21권7호
    • /
    • pp.637-649
    • /
    • 2021
  • 무안 Y고등학교 남자 핸드볼 선수 21명을 대상으로 10주간 신체안정화 훈련 후 시각반응속도, 기능적 움직임, 균형, 폐활량의 결과를 비교 분석하여 부상을 감소시킴으로써, 경기력 향상을 시킬 수 있는 추후 관리 및 훈련 자료를 제공할 목적으로 연구하였다. 훈련 결과 핸드볼선수에게 요구되는 순발력, 민첩성이 크게 증가하였고, 반응시간이 유의하게 단축되었다 (p<0.001). 기능적 움직임 평가 총점은 훈련 전 10.43±1.16, 훈련 후 12.05±1.07로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.001). 와이발런스 측정은 훈련 전 89.18±6.99, 훈련 후 91.39±7.33으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.001). 폐활량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 결론적으로, 10주간 신체안정화 훈련 프로그램을 적용하면 속도, 민첩성, 기능적 움직임, 와이발런스 측정, 폐활량의 향상에 효과적이다. 결론적으로, 부상을 예방하거나 줄일수 있고 핸드볼 경기 중 경기력을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.

8주간의 척추 안정화 운동 프로그램이 만성 경부통 환자의 NDI, 균형 능력 및 자세 변화에 미치는 영향 (The effects of 8-week spinal stabilization exercise program on NDI, postural balance and body shape change in patients with chronic neck pain)

  • 김주은;하성;김원문
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
    • /
    • 제21권12호
    • /
    • pp.43-51
    • /
    • 2020
  • 이 연구는 8주간의 척추 안정화 운동프로그램이 경부 장애 지수, 균형 능력 및 자세 변화에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 알아보는 것이다. 운동 프로그램은 8주간 주 3회 척추 안정화 운동을 시행하였으며, 총 60분으로 구성하였다. 연구의 대상자는 6개월간 경부통을 호소하는 만성 경부통 환자 16명을 대상으로 운동 집단(n=8명)과 통제 집단(n=8명)으로 분류하여 운동 프로그램 사전, 사후의 결과를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 경부 장애 지수는 시기, 집단, 상호작용에서 유의차가 나타났다(p<.05). 균형 능력은 집단 및 시기 간에서 유의한 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(p<.05). 자세 변화는 골반 경사각에서 시기, 상호작용에서 유의차가 나타났고(p<.05), 경부 및 어깨 위치각은 집단, 시기, 집단, 상호작용 모두 유의차가 나타났다(p<.05). 이상의 결과 척추 안정화 운동이 만성 경부통 환자에게 경부 장애 지수, 균형 능력 변화, 자세 변화에서 유의하게 개선된 결과를 나타내었다. 추후 연구에서는 방사선 영상을 통한 척추 구조 변화에 대한 구체적인 변화를 분석하여 척추 안정화 운동의 타당성을 높이는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

INORGANIC SELENIUM FOR SHEEP I. SELENIUM BALANCE AND SELENIUM LEVELS IN THE DIFFERENT RUMINAL FLUID FRACTIONS

  • Serra, A.B.;Nakamura, K.;Matsui, T.;Harumoto, T.;Fujihara, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제7권1호
    • /
    • pp.83-89
    • /
    • 1994
  • The effects of inorganic selenium (Se), selenate and selenite on Se balance levels in the different ruminal fluid fractions were studied using Japanese Corriedale wethers with an average body weight of 47 kg. A $3{\times}3$ Latin square design was used with three animal, three periods and three treatments. In each period, there was 7 d dietary adjustment followed by 5 d total collection of urine and feces. Ruminal fluid samples were obtained at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 h postprandially on the final day of the collection period. The three dietary treatments were: (1) without Se supplementation (control); (2) with Se supplement as sodium selenate; and (3) sodium selenite at a rate of 0.2 mg Se/kg dietary DM. The basal diet was timothy hay (Phleum pratense L.) fed 2% of body weight/d. Results indicated that Se balance were higher (p < 0.05) for those animals under supplementation than those animals under control. Overall data gathered showed a similar digestion balance of selenate and selenite in sheep. Inorganic Se, both selenate and selenite produced positive Se contents of the ruminal feed particles and protozoa. Bacterial Se increased (p < 0.05) on the first three hours post-prandially in Se supplemented diets. Gross ruminal fluid fraction, although there was improvement on their Se content under the supplemented diets, the changes were insignificant over the control. free inorganic Se and Se in soluble protein of the ruminal fluid were not significantly different for selenate and selenite. Most of the Se in the ruminal fluids of the animals under supplementation were insoluble, indicating the influence of rumen environments on Se bioavaliability.

12주간 승마 운동이 초·중학생들의 Sit-to-Stand 동작 시 신체 이동 및 평형성 그리고 몸통의 굴신 운동에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the 12 Weeks Horse Riding Exercise on a Capacity for Locomotion of a Body and Bilateral Balance and Trunk Sway Velocity in Elementary and Middle School Student during the Sit-to-Stand)

  • 조효구;정태운;권문석
    • 한국운동역학회지
    • /
    • 제23권1호
    • /
    • pp.37-43
    • /
    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the 12-week horse riding exercise effect on the locomotion of a body and bilateral balance and flexion/extension of trunk during the sit-to-stand(STS) in elementary and middle school students. One-hundred eleven participants were divided into three groups. Each group was subject to a different horse riding exercise: control group(n = 36), 1 time/week group(n=37), and 3 times/week group(n=38). Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to compare weight transfer time(WTT), trunk flexion velocity(TFV), trunk extension velocity(TEV), mean rising index(MRI), mean weight asymmetry( MWA) among the groups, and STS changes in before and after 12 weeks. There was a group interaction in WTT, TFV, TEV, MRI, and MWA with different responses to horse riding exercise participation. There was a significant increase in 1 time/week group and 3 times/week group of WTT, TFV, TEV, and MRI. Additionally, MWA(an index of a capacity for bilateral balance) in lower extremity was decreased in 3 times/week group. It seems that horse riding exercise positively affected musculoskeletal function of the trunk and lower extremity by accelerating locomotion and bilateral balance.

불안정한 자세에서 하지에 인가한 진동자극이 자세 안정성 개선에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Human Lower Limb Vibration on Postural Stability during Unstable Posture)

  • 은혜인;유미;김동욱;권대규;김남균
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
    • /
    • 제28권5호
    • /
    • pp.628-635
    • /
    • 2007
  • We studied the effect of vibratory stimulations of different leg muscles, tibialis anterior(TA) and triceps surae(TS), and plantar zones in ten healthy subjects during 1) quiet standing, 2) forward lean of body, 3) backward lean of body, 4) right lean of body, and 5) left lean of body. The experiments were performed on the force platform. The effect of vibration were measured by monitoring the area of COP(Center of pressure) sway. The subjects wore a vibratory stimulation system on foot and ankles and were given the instruction not to resist against the applied perturbations. The results show that all vibratory stimulations to lower limb muscles and plantar zones reduced the COP sway area. This reduction of the COP sway area occurred also in partial vibratory stimulations during quiet standing. In forward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TA reduced the COP sway area. During backward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TS reduced the COP sway area. When the subject was tilted right, vibratory stimulations to left plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. During left lean of body, vibratory stimulations to right plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. Thus, the influence of vibratory stimulations to leg muscle and plantar zones differed significantly depending on the lean of body. We suggest that the vibration stimuli from leg muscles and plantar zones could be selectively used to help maintaining postural balance stable.

근골격계 통증환자의 통증유형과 체형진단을 통한 신체지표 관련성 연구 (Research of Body Parameters Characteristics from Posture Analysis of Musculoskeletal Problem Patient)

  • 박정식;박창현;송윤경
    • 척추신경추나의학회지
    • /
    • 제10권1호
    • /
    • pp.47-61
    • /
    • 2015
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is body parameters characteristics through posture analysis system of musculoskeletal problem patient Methods : Posture analysis system were performed for 164 patients to measure body parameters such as Q-angle, body inclination, neck inclination, PCMT(posterior cervical muscle tension), Knee flexion and posture balance. Statistical analysis using statistical analysis techniques and Pearson correlation coefficients was performed to assess the body parameters obtained by posture analysis system. Results : More than half of people out of 164 reported low back pain, 34.8% of the total was found to have neck pain. There was not a significant difference between genders from the characteristics of gender based body parameters expect for the statistical difference in Q angle, PCMT. There was a significant correlation between low back pain and multiple response status. There was a significant correlations between knee pain and Q angle. Also There was a significant correlations between pelvic pain and posture balance of ankle. Conclusions : Posture analysis system can be used to perform the analysis in place of X-ray measuring body posture and clinical parameters. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for further research on the clinical application of posture analysis system.

편마비환자의 균형기능 향상에 관한 문헌적 고찰 (Improvements in Balance of Patients with Hemiplegia A Literature Review)

  • 강권영;송병호
    • 대한물리치료과학회지
    • /
    • 제15권2호
    • /
    • pp.87-95
    • /
    • 2008
  • Background: Hemiplegic patients usually have difficulty maintaining balance. Balance training is a major component of there habilitation program for patients with neurological impairment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PLS(Posterior Leaf Spring), FES(Functional Electrical stimulation), treadmill training, and neurodevelopmental treatment on the improvement of balance in patients with hemiplegia. Methods: We looked into published studies from Dankook University’s electronic library databases of RISS4U, KMbase, NCBI, and MEDLIS concerning the effectiveness of any form of intervention leading to improvement of balance. All types of studies relevant to the topic that were published in English during the time period of 1986 to 2005 were included. Results: 1. There were significant differences in standing balance, dynamic activity balance, and gait speed between barefoot subjects and subjects who wore SPAFO and HPAFO(p<.05). 2. The changes in ROM and FRT related to sex, age, height, and weight part of the diagnosis, as well as experience relapse, was of meaningless value. Changes in ROM related to the duration of pain and experiences of falling down were also meaningless. However, FRT showed significant static differences(p<.05). 3. The body-weight-support treadmill training scoring of standing balance, step length, and a timed 10m walking test showed definite improvement. 4. The proprioceptive control approach improved dynamic balance in patients with hemiplegia. Conclusion: Consequently, further study is needed to verify methods when physical therapists are researching balance ability in hemiplegic patient.

  • PDF

3차원 요부안정화 운동이 20대 요통환자의 통증과 동적 및 정적 균형능력 향상에 미치는 효과 (The Effects of 3-Dimensional Lumbar Stabilization Exercise have an effect on the improvement of pain and static or dynamic balance ability in 20's age group with Low Back Pain)

  • 김규용;안창식;김성수
    • 대한물리의학회지
    • /
    • 제6권2호
    • /
    • pp.235-246
    • /
    • 2011
  • Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare and assess the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on the balance ability of young college studets with low back pain after having performed spinal stabilization exercise by using 3-dimensional air-balance system and gym ball. Methods: The subjects of this study were 34 low back patients in their early twenties. They were divided into two groups: 3-dimensional lumbar stabilization exercise group(N=17) and gym ball lumbar stabilization exercise group(N=17). The period of the intervention was for five weeks. VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) for pain test, ODI(Oswestry Disability Index) for ADL limitation test, Tetrax system for static balance test, and Air-balance system 3D for dynamic balance test were used as evaluation tools for this study. Results: Pain showed significant decrease in both groups after having performed the experiment, but ADL limitation of the groups did not show any remarkable difference between before and after the experiment. Dynamic balance ability in the 8-directional angle comparison test significantly increased in all directions except for the backward, left-backward, and right-backward directions. As for dynamic balance ability in the 8-directional postural test, 3D exercise group showed statistically significant reduction in every direction while gym ball exercise group did not(p<.05). However, when it comes to static balance ability in the weight distribution and stability test, there was not significantly change between pre and post test in both groups. Conclusion: This study shows 3-dimensional lumbar stabilization exercise is more effective in the lumbar stabilization of coordinated movement than gym ball exercise, which may imply that 3D air-balance system can be used for the therapeutic treatment of body imbalance for patients with low back pain.