• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.4 s.51
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• pp.333-341
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• 2005

In order to know whether polychaetes could be used as an appropriate organism for the detection of genotoxicity, DNA strand breaks were evaluated in blood cells of a nereidae worm (Perinereis aibuhitensis) exposed to various aquatic chemical pollutants (e.g. Cd, Pb, Pyrene, Benaor[a]pyrene). Hydrogen peroxide increased DNA strand breaks up to the highest concentration (10 $\mu$M). Higher concentration than 0.1 $\mu$M showed a significantly more DNA damage than control. Cadmium and lead also showed higher DNA damage than control, over 1.0 and 1 $\mu$g/L, respectively. In case of pyrene, DNA damage was detected even at 0.001 $\mu$g/L. However, DNA damage decreased due to apoptosis at the highest concentration of pyrene and Pb. This study suggested that the polythaetous blood cells could be used effectively for screening genotoxic contaminants in the environment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7415-7423
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• 2015

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a stem cell disorder characterized by unrestricted proliferation of the myeloid series that occurs due to the BCR-ABL fusion oncogene as a result of reciprocal translocation t(9;22) (q34;q11). This discovery has made this particular domain a target for future efforts to cure CML. Imatinib revolutionized the treatment options for CML and gave encouraging results both in case of safety as well as tolerability profile as compared to agents such as hydroxyurea or busulfan given before Imatinib. However, about 2-4% of patients show resistance and mutations have been found to be one of the reasons for its development. European Leukemianet gives recommendations for BCR-ABL mutational analysis along with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that should be administered according to the mutations harbored in a patient. The following overview gives recommendations for monitoring patients on the basis of their mutational status.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4225-4231
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• 2014

Aim: To determine prognostic value of blood parameters on overall and progression-free survival in cases received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with diagnosis of stage I-III breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed files of 350 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who were treated in the Radiation Oncology Department of Kayseri Teaching Hospital between 2005 and 2010. Pretreatment white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, basophil and eosinophil counts, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were recorded. The relationship between clinicopathological findings and blood parameters was assessed. Results: Overall, 344 women and 6 men were recruited. Median age was $55.3{\pm}0.3$ years (range: 22-86). Of the cases, 243 (61.4%) received radiotherapy while 329 (94.3%), received chemotherapy and 215 (61.4%) received hormone therapy. Mean overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was 84.4 and 78.8 months, respectively. During follow-up, 48 patients died due to either disease-related or non-related causes. Local recurrence was detected in 14 cases, while distant metastasis was noted in 45 cases. In univariate analysis, age, pathology, perinodal invasion were significantly associated with overall survival, whereas gender, stage and hormone therapy were significantly associated with progression-free survival. In multivariate analysis, histopathological diagnosis (OR: 0.3; 95%: 0.1-0.7; p=0.006) and perinodal invasion (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.1-1.3; p=0.026) were significantly associated with overall survival, whereas tumor stage (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 0.0-0.7; p=0.014) and hormone therapy (OR: 2.1; 95%: 1.2-3.8; p=0.010) were significantly associated with progression-free survival. Conclusions: It was found that serum inflammatory markers including WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts, and NLR and PLR had no effect on prognosis in patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 2008

Cell proliferation inhibitory effects of homoharringtonine (HHT), an active drug substance in Cephalotaxus koreana, against blood cancer cell line K562 were evaluated. In addition, in vivo chronic toxicity test with mouse was carried out. When K562 cell line was treated everyday for 9, 6, 3 days, $IC_{50}$ values of HHT were determined as 0.27, 0.37, and 1.10 mM respectively. The anticancer activity of HHT was comparable to adriamycin, a known anticancer drug compound for blood cancer treatment. in vivo chronic toxicity test of the HHT, the number of red blood cell (RBC) showed no significant difference. From the analysis of the liver-functional enzymes in blood, all of liver damage related enzymes such as glutamate-oxalate-transferase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate-transferase (GPT), cholesterol (Chol) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed no significant change. However, from the histologic test, a neutrophil of the band type in liver tissue was observed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.271-281
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• 2004

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is malignant tumor in salivary gland, and its behavior is very invasive. Of all malignant tumor adenoid cystic carcinoma is occured in frequency of 4.4% in major salivary gland, and 1.29% in minor salivary gland. Histopathologically, adenoid cystic carcinoma is characterized by a cribriform appearance, and tubular form and solid nest type tumor can be seen. The tumor cell structure composed of modified myoepithelial cell, and basaloid cell. Extracellular matrix of this tumor cell contains variable ground substance with basement membrane component. Basement membrane matrix composed of collagen fibers, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and its function is well known that it participate in differentiation, proliferation, and growth of tumor cell. Basement membrane molecule is essential for invasion of peripheral nerve, blood vessel, skeletal muscle in tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma. In many studies, the tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma containing modified myoepithelial cell participate in synthesis of proteoglycan. In this study, tissue sample of adenoid cystic carcinoma of human salivary gland were obtained from 15 surgical specimen, and all specimen were routinely fixed in 10% formalin and embedded. Serial $4-{\mu}m$ thick sections were cut from paraffin blocks. the histopathologic evaluation was done with light microscopy. And, the immunohistochemical staining, characteristics of glycosaminoglycan were observed. For biochemical analysis of glycosaminoglycan, isolation of crude glycosaminoglycan from tumor tissue and Western bolt analysis were carried out. With transmission electomicroscopy, tumor cell were observed. Biologic behavior of adenoid cystic carcinoma was observed with distribution and expression of basement membrane of glycosaminoglycan in tumor cells, The results obtained were as follows: 1. In immunohistochemical study, chondroitin sulfate is postively stained in tumor cell and interstitial space, dermatan sulfate is weakly stained in ductal cell. But keratan sulfate is negatively stained. 2. In immunohistochemical study, heparan sulfate is strong positive stained in tumor cell and basement membrane, especially in invasion area to peripheral nerve tissue. 3. In transmission electromicroscpic view, the tumor cells are composed modifed myoepithelial cells, and contains many microvilli and rough endoplasmic reticulum. 4. In Western blot analysis, the expression of glycosaminoglycan is expressed mostly in heparan sulfate. From the results obtained in this study, tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma is composed modified myoepithelial cell, and glycosaminoglycan of basement membrane molecule of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate mostly participate in the development and invasiveness of adenoid cystic carcinoma by immunohistochemical study and western blot analysis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is evaluating the effect of Hoelen Herbal-acupuncture (HO-HA) at $KI_{10}$(Umgok) on Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induced nephritis in rats. Methods : The experimental rats were assigned to four groups; normal, LPS, saline, HO-HA groups. LPS(2 mg/kg) was administered to the rats in LPS, saline and HO-HA groups to induce acute inflammatory kidney damage. Saline injection and HO-HA were administered at $KI_{10}$ three times a week. Blood samples were taken from the rats for analysis of white blood cell(WBC), neutrophil, blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine TNF-${\alpha}$, CINC-1. Urine samples were taken from the rats for analysis of urinal volume, creatinine and total protein. The kidney samples were taken from the rats for analysis of renal myeloperoxIdase(MPO). Results : HO-HA suppressed the increases of WBC and neutrophils in blood, BUN, creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$ and CINC-1 in serum, and MPO in kidney of LPS-stimulated rats. In addition, HO-HA inhibited the decrease of urinary volume in LPS-stimulated rats. Conclusions : HO-HA has therapeutic effects on LPS-induced inflammatory kidney damage in rats. Further studies may be needed for clinical use of HO-HA.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2001

Endocrine disruptors have been implicated in carcinogenesis in animal studies, but carcinogenetic effects on human remain controversial. In order to examine the genotoxicity of two common endocrine disruptors, Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol, cytogenetic endpoints including chromosome aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) analyses and DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) were assessed. The effects of Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol on the frequencies of CA and MN were increased in a dose-dependent manner and that of Bispheol A was more significant by Kendall'$\tau$test. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol also increased the frequency of SCE. Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner and the DNA damage induced by Diethylstilbestrol in human blood lymphocytes was more significant.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2000

Effects of red ginseng acidic polysaccharides (RGAP) on immune system were studied. The proliferation of spleen cells was induced by RGAP treatment per se. Cotreatment of lipopolysaccharide $(100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ or concanavalin A $(1\;{\mu}g/ml)$ with RGAP further stimulated the spleen cell proliferation. BALB/c mice treated with RGAP showed a slight splenic hyperplasia and increased antibody forming cell response to sheep red blood cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an influx of macrophages in the mice treated with RGAP.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.6 no.1_2
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• pp.59-70
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• 1991

This study was performed to investigate the effect of olive oil diet on the immune response in ICR male mice. Experimental diets of 4 groups were fed ad libitum to the ICR male mice for 27 days. The results of this study were summarized as followings: 1. 10% Olive oil diet group as compared with the control diet group significantly decreased liver weight rate but significantly increased hemagglutination titer (HA), Arthus reaction, delayed type reaction (DTH), rosette forming cell (RFC), and phagocyte activity. 2. 20% Olive oil hypersensitivity diet group as compared with the control diet group significantly increased body weight gain, liver weight rate, and HA but significantly decreased Arthus reaction, DTH, RFC, phagocyte activity, and peripheral circulating white blood cell (WBC). 3. 30% Olive oil diet group as compared with the control diet group significantly increased liver weight rate but significantly decreased body weight gain, Arthus reaction, plaque forming cell (PFC), DTH, RFC, phagocyte activity, and WBC. The results showed that the increase of olive oil doses significantly decreased humoral and cellular immune responses, phagocyte activity, and WBC.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2019

Hematopoiesis has a pivotal role in the maintenance of body homeostasis. Ironically, several hematological disorder caused by chemicals, drugs, and other environmental factors lead to severe bone marrow failure. Current treatments like stem cell transplantation and immunosuppression remain ineffective to ameliorate this diseases. Therefore, a newtreatment to overcome this entity is necessary, one of them by promoting the usage of medicinal plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the hematopoiesis potency of S. javanica berries and leaves extracts in chloramphenicol (CMP)-induced aplastic anemia mice model. In this present study, several types of blood progenitor cell such as $TER-119^+VLA-4^+$ erythrocytes lineage, $Gr-1^+$ granulocytes, and $B220^+$ B-cell progenitor cells were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Accordingly, we revealed that S. javanica berries and leaves extracts significantly promoted $TER-119^+VLA-4^+$ erythrocytes lineage and $Gr-1^+$ granulocytes after exposed by CMP. Thus, these results suggested that S. javanica berries and leaves extracts might have hematopoiesis activity in CMP-induced aplastic anemia mice model.