• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.32-37
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• 1994

This paper surveys the various methodologies for the objective measurement of visual fatigue. Visual fatigue is a psychophysiological symtom caused by the excessive use of eyes and it can be used as an important measure of the effectiveness and the safety of visual displays. The purpose of this paper is to compare the various visual fatigue measurement methodologies in a sense of the suitability for the ergonomic research. The measurement methodologies based on accommodation, convergence, visual evoked potential, eye movement, eye blinking, and flicker fusion were discussed and compared.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.145-148
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• 2012

In applying LCD to TV application, one of the most significant factors to be improved is image sticking on the moving picture. LCD is different from CRT in the sense that it's continuous passive device, which holds images in entire frame period, while impulse type device generate image in very short time. To reduce image sticking problem related to hold typedisplay mode, we made an experiment to drive TN-LCD like CRT. We made articulate images by turn on-off backlight, and we realized the ratio of Back Light on-off time by counting between on time and off time for video signal input during 1 frame (16.7ms). Conventional CCFL (cold cathode fluorescent lamp) cannot follow fast on-off speed, so we evaluated new fluorescent substances of light source to improve residual light characteristic of CCFL. We realized articulate image generation similar to CRT by CCFL blinking drive and TN-LCD overdriving. As a result, reduced image sticking phenomenon was validated by naked eye and response time measurement.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.1015-1024
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• 2003

With the improvement of the computer performance, the users demand for the multimedia player is getting higher, which will be the major force behind the wide distribution of the media player that allows several moving pictures to run simultaneously using multiple windows on the screen. Products that adopted the same method used for a single moving picture and yet support the several moving pictures simultaneously emerged; however, they are not immune from problems. In this paper, we propose method to solve the problems of blinking, play prioritization processor and semi-transparent Processor that occur when appling several moving pictures to the method used for a single moving picture and suggested the possible solutions. Taking it one step further, it focused on design and implementation of the media player that allows several moving pictures using overlapping and overlay technique by recognizing the biggest problem, which is that the above media play is not supported when playing several moving pictures simultaneously.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.563-565
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• 2010

LED is low power and pro-environment semiconductor element. That can be used not only as the lighting function but also for Visible Light Communication(VLC). The VLC is the communication technology that can send data by blinking a fluorescent or LED using visible spectrum. That velocity of blinking can not be usually recognized by eyesight. Visible Light Communication using LED can be used in many fields. In the field of ITS(Intelligent Transportation System), Under construction on the road, Emitting traffic signs can be applied to transfer the vehicle information. In this paper, Emitting traffic signs in addition to the VLC give information about road condition, safety distance and the lane change. We design Communication protocol to provide safety service and verify protocol by experiment.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.429-439
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was assessed to investigate the change of subjective and/or objective symptoms and the light transmissibility of lens caused by over-usage of daily disposable circle contact lenses (circle lens). Methods: Three daily disposable circle lenses made of etafilcon A, hilafilcon B, and nelfilcon A were applied on 20 normal eyes free from any eye diseases by when subjects complained any kind of discomfort. On the first and the last days of lens wearing, subjective discomfort, blinking rate, non-invasive break-up time, lens centration on corneal surface and visible light transmissibility of lens were recorded at every case and compared. Results: The circle lens wearers complained discomfort when they wore the circle lens more than 15 hours, in excess of 8 hours being the recommended wearing time and the most circle lens wearers quit the lens wearing when they wore more than 30 hours. On the last day of lens wearing, the representative subjective discomforts were stiffness, dryness and tiredness. When the subjects wore circle lens more than the recommended time, a tendency of increased blinking rate and decreased NIBUT was observed when it compared with the values right after lens wearing. On the last day of lens wearing, the lens centration was shown to be decentrated from the pupil center compared with the centration right after the wearing. These changes in lens centration and blinking rate were consistently shown in all cases of lens wearing however, the difference in the degree of subjective and/or objective change was present depending on lens materials and subjects. The visible light transmissibility of circle lens has largely been changed. Conclusions: From these results, it was thought that the decreased NIBUT induced dryness and stiffness and decreased visible light transmissibility caused more blinking when daily disposable circle lens was exceedingly used, which provoked lens decentration and subjective discomfort. However, the difference of subjective and/or objective change was largely varied in accordance with the lens material types and individuality and thus it may occur some unexpected problems by the individual base. Therefore, the education about the necessity to comply with the recommended wearing time and the problem will be essential.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.87-90
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• 2002

뇌파(Electroencephalogram, EEG)는 뇌 신경세포가 정보를 처리하는 과정에서 발생하는 전기적인 신호를 두피 표면에서 측정한 것이다. 이러한 뇌파는 비침습적인 방법으로 전기적인 신호를 측정하며 측정시 여러 잡파(artifact)가 섞이기 쉽다. 이러한 잡파는 뇌의 정보처리과정에 대한 유용한 정보를 담고 있는 뇌파를 분석하는데 방해가 되므로 이를 제거하기 위한 노력이 계속되어 왔다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 보다 적극적인 방향으로 잡파가 섞인 뇌파의 특성을 분석하여 이를 통해 제어 시스템 등과 같은 시스템에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 알아보았다. 대표적인 잡파인 eye_blinking, eye_rolling, muscle 등이 각각 포함된 뇌파에 대해서 선형 및 비선형 분석을 실시함으로써 유의미한 특성 차이를 나타내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2012

The usages of botulinum toxin were most commonly for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia in the otolaryngology field. It has been not only widely used in otolaryngology-Head Neck surgery but also plastic surgery, ophthalmology, rehabilitation medicine, and orthopedics. Now botulinum toxin is used such as blepharospasm (excessive blinking), strabismus, cosmetic, muscle spasms, upper motor neuron syndrome, severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis), chronic migraine, bruxism, and achalasia. The indication of this drug still gradually expanding with the times. In this articles, the author will demontrate how to use the botulinum toxin for treating cricopharyngeal spasm, arytenoid dislocation, sialocele, Frey syndrome, contact granuloma, bilateral vocal fold paralysis, and mutaional falsetto instead of conventional surgical treatment.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2001

Tic disorder which is purposeless, repeated, unexpected, involuntary behavior and voice can be divided into motor, vocal tic. Tic disorder belongs to pediatic psychosomatic disease. In four clinical cases, patients between the age of 6 to 15 consisted of three males and one females. They all are the eldest or only son and have the parental behavioral, home background and studing problem. The patients appealed to eye blinking in tic early stage and belong to chronic motor or vocal tic disorder or transient tic disorder without tourette's disorder. When estimated by an appraisal standard of Yale Global Tic Severity Scale(YGTSS). Four patients administered Bosimgeunatang known to invigorating the heart, relieving mental stress improved.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.873-881
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• 2017

Prevention of drowsy driving is one of the important issues for safe driving. In this study, the algorithm for detection of drowsy driving has been developed. The algorithm was implemented by applying template matching and line profile, which detects eye blink. The accuracy of eye detection and blink detection was $97.45{\pm}3.67%$ and $98.50{\pm}0.92%$, which was resulted from the verification experiment that 21 subjects participated. Consequently, the algorithm is expected to be used to prevent sleep-deprived driving.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.05
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• pp.422-425
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to estimate human sensibility quantitatively under color stimulation. We measured biological signals such as EEG, ECG, skin conductance and the number of respiration and eye blinking that were compared with color sensibilities mutually. Our result showed that red, yellow and violet color provoked active and exciting senses dominatively and blue, cyan, pink, and black color were involved in tranquil and resting emotions deeply. Our quantitative estimations of color sensibilites are useful in the design of manufactured goods and color therapy.