• 한국어류학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.231-243
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• 2022

한강 지류인 달천에서 발견된 한국산 납자루과 1미기재종 Acheilognathus sp. HR의 분류학적 위치를 알아보기 위하여 분자계통학적 및 형태학적 특성을 선행 연구와 비교 분석하였다. 분자계통학적 분석 결과에서 A. sp. HR은 Acheilognathus tabira의 5개 아종과 동일한 유전적 clade를 형성하면서도 고유한 유전자형을 기반으로 별도의 단계통군을 형성하여 A. tabira의 5개 아종과도 분명한 차이를 보였다. 또한, 형태학적 분석 결과에서 A. sp. HR은 수컷의 등지느러미와 뒷지느러미 외연부는 볼록하게 둥글고, 각각 회색과 흰색을 띠는 점, 치어의 등지느러미 상에는 흑색 반점이 존재하나 암컷 성어의 등지느러미 상에는 흑색 반점이 존재하지 않는 점, 등지느러미 분기 연조 수가 12~13개로 그 범위가 중복되지 않을 정도로 많은 점, 입수염 길이가 짧고, 체고가 높은 점 등에서 A. tabira를 구성하는 5개 아종과 잘 구분되었다. 따라서, A. sp. HR은 A. tabira의 5개 아종과 분자계 통학적, 형태학적 및 제한적 분포 특성에 의하여 서로 구별되는 별도의 종 수준에 있다고 판단된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.699-706
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• 2006

본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 한국 음식 중 주식과 후식 에 대한 선호도를 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 조사 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 조사대상자의 평균연령은 남학생 21.8세, 여학생 20.2세였고, BMI 는 남학생 $22.6kg/m^2$, 여학생 $19.8kg/m^2$으로 남녀 모두 정상범위에 속하였다. 2) 조사대상자의 가족구성 형태, 어머니의 학력과 직업은 남녀 간에 차이가 없었으나 주거형태 및 아버지의 직업과 교육수준은 남녀 간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 가정 내 총 수입은 남녀 모두 150만원${\sim}$300만원, 300만원${\sim}$450만원이 70% 이상을 차지하였으며 남녀 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 주식류의 선호도를 보면 밥류의 경우 남녀 모두 쌀 만의 선호도 점수가 가장 높았으며 콩밥의 선호도 점수가 가장 낮았다. 또한 쌀밥, 콩밥, 조밥, 보리밥, 오곡밥의 선호도는 남학생이 여학생보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 4) 죽류의 경우 남녀 모두 닭죽의 선호도가 높았고 깨죽은 가장 낮은 선호도 점수를 보였다. 그 외 흰죽, 전복죽, 잣죽, 팔죽, 호박죽 야채죽 및 깨죽의 선호도 점수는 남학생이 여학생보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 5) 면류의 경우 남녀 모두 냉면을 가장 좋아하였고 남학생의 경우 쫄면, 여학생의 경우 우동과 졸면의 선호도 점수가 가장 낮았다. 라면, 비빔국수, 우동, 자장면, 찜뽕은 남학생이 더 선호하였다 (p < 0.05). 6) 일품요리의 경우 남녀 모두 비빔밥, 김치볶음밥에 높은 선호도를 보였으며 자장밥, 카레밥, 오므라이스 및 떡만 두국의 선호도는 남학생이 여학생보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p < 0.05). 7) 후식류의 선호도를 보면 떡류의 경우 남다 모두 꿀떡의 선호도가 가장 높았고, 두텁떡의 선호도가 가장 낮았다. 남녀 간에 유의적인 차이를 보인 떡류는 인절미와 송편으로 남학생이 여학생보다 높은 선호도를 보였다 (p v0.05). 과일류의 경우 남학생은 딸기와 배, 여학생은 딸기의 선호도가 가장 높았고, 감과 메론은 남녀 모두 가장 낮은 선호도를 보였다. 사과, 배, 바나나, 감, 참외의 선호도는 남학생이 여학생보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p < 0.05). 이상의 결과 남녀 간에 좋아하는 음식에 차이를 보이고 있으며 남학생보다 여학생이 더 낮은 선호도를 보였다. 특히 밥류의 경우 잡곡밥보다는 쌀밥의 선호도가 높았고 우리의 전통적인 밥류 보다는 일품요리, 면류의 선호도가 좀 더 높았다. 후식류로 떡류보다는 과일류의 선호도가 높았고, 과일류 중 수입과일보다는 국내산 과일에 대한 선호도가 다소 높게 나타난 것으로 보아 건강에 대한 관심이 형성되는 시기이기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 전반적으로 주식 및 후식의 선호도에 남녀 간에 차이를 보이고 있으므로 단체급식을 위한 식단 작성 시 이러한 차이를 고려할 필요가 있으며 대학생 및 성인을 대상으로 한 영양 교육을 실시할 때 이러한 차이를 고려한 신생활 교정프로그램을 작성할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.398-412
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• 2000

The purposes of this study are : (a) to investigate the attitude to various coffee and tea of women, (b) to analyze the characteristics of each classified group according to eating frequency, and (c) to abstract the factors which can influence the consumption of coffee and tea. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 1,200 women residing in Seoul. A total of 1012 was usable: resulting in 84% response rate. Statistical data analysis was completed using SAS Package program for the one way-analysis of variance(ANOVA), Duncan's multiple comparison test, factor analysis and analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA). (a) Instant coffee was most consumed(22.1 times a month), green tea in tea bag(8.7), Donggulre tea(8.3), Coffee (72) in order of frequency. Among Korean traditional tea Donggulre tea(8.3) and Yuja tea (2.0) were most prefered but still a minute quantity of Korean traditional tea was enjoyed. (b) Coffee and Black tea was regarded unhealthful but habitual, delicious and familiar beverage. Green tea was regarded good for health but not so habitual, practical and familiar. The consumer awareness can be grouped into 3 clases : Healthy factor, Habitual Practical factor, Familiar factor. (c) The sociodemographic characteristics of women influenced the beverage consumption. Women in their 30s and 40s consumed much of instant coffee and coffee. 10s and 20s consumed much of canned coffee. Working women drank much of instant coffee and green tea in tea bag. Women in highest income group$({\geq}\;4,000,000\;won/month)$ consumed much of coffee. (d) The factors which influenced the eating frquency of those beverages were various. The eating frequency of instant coffee was influenced by the age, familiar factor and habitual practical factor. And coffee were influenced by income level, habitual practical factor. The frequency of green tea in tea bag was influenced by habitual practical factor and familiar factor, green tea was influenced by healthy factor and habitual practical factor, Donggulre tea was influenced by habitual practical factor.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2008

넙치 암컷과 강도다리 수컷을 인공교배하여 만든 잡종의 형태적 특징을 조사하였다. 잡종은 두 종의 중간 형태를 나타내지만 대부분의 형질이 수컷인 강도다리에 조금 더 가까웠다. 잡종은 체장에 대한 체고 비율이 56.3%로서 체고가 높고, 두장에 대한 문장 비율 20.6%, 두장에 대한 상악장 비율 34.2%이었으며, 체장에 대해 전배기장 10.5%, 전흉기장 32.2%, 전복기장 29.8%, 전둔기장 28.0%로서 강도다리 체형에 다소 가까웠다. 눈이 있는 쪽은 암황록색 바탕에 옅은 검은 얼룩이 흩어져 있으며, 강도다리 체측에 산재해 있는 작은 골판은 없다. 등지느러미에 6~20개, 뒷지느러미에 5~10개의 가로띠무늬가 있으나 가장자리로 갈수록 흐려져 불명료해진다. 지느러미 기조수는 등지느러미 60~66, 뒷지느러미 40~51, 꼬리지느러미 18~21, 가슴지느러미 11~12개였으며, 아가미의 새파수 13~18, 새사수 73~98개였다. 척추골수는 34~37개였으며, 미추골 시작부위에서 척추골 2~3개가 융합된 개체가 많았다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.565-571
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists among osteoporosis, alveolar bone density and periodontal disease in postmenopausal osteoporotic women and postmenopausal healthy women. Twenty-two women were evaluated for this study. They were attending the postmenopausal clinic, Seoul National University Hospital and generally healthy except osteoporosis. They had experienced menopause not less than one year when we began to examine them. Bone densities of lumbar area(L2-L4) was determined by DEXA(LUNAR-expert Co,. U.S.A). We diagnosed osteoporosis when T-score was below -2.5 and healthy state when T-score was over -1. Osteoporotic(10 female), not hormone-treated group and healthy control group(12 female) were asked for their age, menopausal age, menopausal period and the number of remaining teeth and examined clinically for plaque index(PI), gingival index(GI), clinical attachment loss(CAL) on their 6 Ramfjord index teeth. Intraoral radiographs were taken in maxillary anterior zone. All films were equally exposed and developed. Each films was digitized and analysed using image processing software, Scion image. Alveolar bone regions of interest were selected and Intensity of each pixel was quantized in the array ranging from 0(white) to 255(black). The two groups were comparable with respect age, menopausal age, menopausal period and number of remaining teeth. The osteoporotic women had significantly lower alveolar bone density than controls in maxilla. But no significant difference was found with respect clinical attachment loss, plaque index and gingival index. Supported by the Ministry of Public Health and Welfare, Korea (HMP-00-CH-10-0009).

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1221-1231
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• 2023

Objective: To clinically validate the feasibility and accuracy of cine images acquired through the multitasking method, with no electrocardiogram gating and free-breathing, in measuring left ventricular (LV) function indices by comparing them with those acquired through the balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) method, with multiple breath-holds and electrocardiogram gating. Materials and Methods: Forty-three healthy volunteers (female:male, 30:13; mean age, 23.1 ± 2.3 years) and 36 patients requiring an assessment of LV function for various clinical indications (female:male, 22:14; 57.8 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled in this prospective study. Each participant underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the multiple breath-hold bSSFP method and free-breathing multitasking method. LV function parameters were measured for both MRI methods. Image quality was assessed through subjective image quality scores (1 to 5) and calculation of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the myocardium and blood pool. Differences between the two MRI methods were analyzed using the Bland-Altman plot, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, as appropriate. Results: LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly different between the two MRI methods (P = 0.222 in healthy volunteers and P = 0.343 in patients). LV end-diastolic mass was slightly overestimated with multitasking in both healthy volunteers (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 60.5 ± 10.7 g vs. 58.0 ± 10.4 g, respectively; P < 0.001) and patients (69.4 ± 18.1 g vs. 66.8 ± 18.0 g, respectively; P = 0.003). Acceptable and comparable image quality was achieved for both MRI methods (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6, respectively; P = 0.203). The CNR between the myocardium and blood pool showed no significant differences between the two MRI methods (18.89 ± 6.65 vs. 18.19 ± 5.83, respectively; P = 0.480). Conclusion: Multitasking-derived cine images obtained without electrocardiogram gating and breath-holding achieved similar image quality and accurate quantification of LVEF in healthy volunteers and patients.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.117-126
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• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the hatching and growing performance, and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR) and KNC XRIR crossbred. A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and KNC x RIR crossbred kept in National Live-stock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 20 weeks from Sep. 2, 1995 to Jan. 20,1996. Hatchabilities of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR (LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 77.3%, 73.6% and 72.5%, respectively. Viabilities up to 20 weeks of age were not significantly (P>0.05) different among purebreds and crossbred. Body weights of DR, LR and BR were 1,890 g, 1,849 g and 1,967 g, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio(feed /gain) of DR, LR, and BR were 5.88, 6.07 and 5.87, respectively, up to 20 weeks of age. Average shank lengths of DR, LR and BR were 97.1 mm, 98.9 mm and 99.4 mm, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The heterosis effects were estimated to be -0. 48%, and 12.58%, respectively, in fertility and hatchability. Up to 20 weeks of age, the heterosis effects were estimated to be 0.07%, 13.49%, -5.77%, and 3.52% in viability, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and shank length, respectively.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the laying performance and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR), and KNC x RIR crossbreds A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and RIR crossbreds in National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 2O~64 weeks from Jan 20. to Nov.25, 1996. The age at first egg of crossbreds were 144.1~148.7 days. The first egg weight of crossbreds was 39. 4~40.3 g, and body weights at first egg of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR(LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 1,943 g, 1,925 g and 2,044 g, respectively. During the laying period the average viability of crossbreds was 96.6~98.3%. The hen-day egg production of crossbreds were 111.1~113.O eggs at 40 weeks of age, and 223.5~227.5 eggs at 64 weeks of age, respectively. The hen-day egg production peaks were 78.2~80.1% in KNC, and 85.8~87.5% in crossbreds. The heterosis were estimated to be 3.61%, 9.21%, 4.78%, 2.97% and -1.63% for the first egg days, body weights at first egg, layer viability, hen-day egg production, and feed conversion ratio, respectively.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2016

3-Methylpentane ($C_6H_{14}$, CAS No. 96-14-0), isomer of hexane, is a colorless liquid originating naturally from petroleum or natural gas liquids. 3-Methylpentane has been used as a solvent in organic synthesis, as a lubricant, and as a raw material for producing carbon black. There is limited information available on the inhalation toxicity of 3-methylpentane, and the aim of this study was to determine its subacute inhalation toxicity. According to OECD Test Guideline 412 (subacute inhalation toxicity: 28-day study), Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 284, 1,135, and 4,540 ppm of 3-methylpentane for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks via whole-body inhalation. Mortality, clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weights, and gross and histopathological findings were compared between control and all exposure groups. No mortality or remarkable clinical signs were observed during the study. No gross or histopathological lesions, or adverse effects on body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum chemistry, and organ weights were observed in any male or female rats in all exposure groups, although some statistically significant changes were observed in food consumption, serum chemistry, and organ weights. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) for 3-methylpentane above 4,540 ppm/6 hr/day, 5 days/week for rats.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.701-712
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• 2012

This study examines the various expressions and immanent value of fashion and beauty style based on Craig Owens's Allegory theory. I analyzed four application elements of Borrow, Site Specificity, Accumulation of Strategy, and Hybridization in? Ladygaga's Music Videos. The results are as follows. 'Borrow' presents a kitsch style and playful Pop-art style, transformation of gender from Mini Mouse body suit, telephone headpiece, and can hair. 'Site specificity' presents the temporarity of fashion material through rebirth, aging, natural extinction from the chain over the black jump suit, crime scene tape, and skull-face makeup with masculine style. 'Accumulation of strategy' presents a futuristic chic fashion style from a layered style, retrospective fashion, repetition and duplication in Music Videos. It shows the physical beauty of an Asian warrior style in Poker Face. 'Hybridization' present Cyborg feminism and 'Will of Power' from iPOD LCD glasses and Pyro-Bra. The Pyro-Bra represents how the female body can be used as a weapon in the outfits of Lady Gaga. In addition, Immanent value is as follows. Textual interaction with high art is accomplished through a combination of contemporary social and cultural significance to understand the cultural code and to extend the value. Combined with high culture, popular music genre is accomplished through musical appreciation by a woman in fashion styling and sensual pleasures of the body as a tool to express a sublime advantage. Fashion style is accomplished by overcoming a self-transcendent body image representation. The way in which mutual coupling dismantling, destruction, and uncertainty is to re-launch the static, with a pluralistic context of Textuality.