• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.227-237
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students' knowledge and attitude toward advance directives and factors influencing the attitude. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used and 196 nursing students participated in the study. Data were collected from July 1 to August 30, 2018 using a structured questionnaire which included biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score of biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives were $2.88{\pm}0.59$, $3.18{\pm}0.48$, $7.68{\pm}31.32$, $31.00{\pm}3.09$. Factors influencing the attitude toward advance directives were awareness of good death (${\beta}=.28$, p<.001), intention of writing their advance directives (${\beta}=.19$, p=.006), the knowledge related to advance directives (${\beta}=.15$, p=.029). A total of 14% of attitude toward advance directives was explained by awareness of good death, the knowledge related to advance directives, and ntention of writing their advance directives. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that it is necessary to provide a systemic education program regarding advance directives for nursing students in order to provide knowledge related to advance directives and to help them establish positive attitudes toward advance directives.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제9권10호
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 치위생(학)과와 보건계열 학생들을 대상으로 2018년 6월에서 7월까지 생명윤리의식을 파악하여 생명윤리 교육과정 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 설문조사하였다. 생명권과 인공수정 인식도의 관한 상관관계는 성별(r=0.241), 종교(r=-0.176), 학과(r=-0.160)에서 유의하였고, 장기기증 및 장기이식에 관한 인식도에 관한 상관관계는 학년(r=0.129), 종교(r=-0.098), 생명윤리 교육여부(r=0.235)에서 유의하였다. 안락사의 인식도에 관한 상관관계는 종교(r=0.139), 생명윤리교육 여부(r=-0.157)에서 유의하였다. 결과적으로 보건계열 대학생들에게 바람직한 윤리관을 확립하기 위해서는 교육과정을 개발하고 생명의료 윤리의식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 다각적으로 분석하여 체계적으로 교육 프로그램을 운영해야 할 것이다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.371-380
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between nursing students' biomedical and artificial intelligence (AI) ethical awareness, ethical values, professional self-concept, and ethical decision-making confidence, and to then identify factors that can influence their ethical decision-making confidence. Methods: This study employed a descriptive research method and was conducted from June 8 to 12, 2023, with 204 students from three nursing colleges in Korea. The collected data were analyzed by frequency and percentage, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using IBM SPSS 23.0. Results: The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the regression model was significant (F=18.88, p<.001) and that professional self-concept (β=.46, p<.001), ethics education (β=.23, p<.001), AI ethical awareness (β=.16, p=.020), and relativistic ethical values (β=.14, p=.035) explained 34.6% of the nursing students' ethical decision-making confidence. Conclusion: It is necessary to include professional self-concept, AI ethical awareness, and ethical values contents when constructing the curriculums of educational programs in order to improve nursing students' ethical decision-making confidence.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.268-284
• /
• 1995

This study was designed to test effects of nursing ethics education (NEE) on moral reasoning and ethical decision making of subjects. This NEE that was teached for 10 hours course was composed of these : Nurses' ethical code, moral responsibility, Moral value and professional accountability, Respect for human life, General ethics, Theory and Norms of biomedical ethics, Ethical decision making model and Discussion about hypothetical ethical dilemmas Twenty-five senior student nurses were sampled from four year college of nursing from Nov. 3rd, 1993 to Nov. 24th, 1993. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires included two kinds of tests. Rest's Defining Issues Test was adopted to measure the stage of moral development, which was classified with the stage 2 (instrumental relativist orientation), the stage 3 (interpersonal concordance), the stage 4 (law and order), the stage 5A (societal consensus), and the stage 5B (intuitional humanism), the stage 6 (universal ethical practice). In particular, the level of principled thinking (P) was measured by summing these scores of the stages 5A, 5B, and 6. The possible range of P is 0 to 95. As for measuring the levels of morality and nursing dilemma, Crisham's Nursing Dilemma Test was adopted. This test generated the morality score(MS) and the dilemma score (DS). The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mc Nemar's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were as follows ; 1. For the Moral Reasoning both before and after NEE, The Mean score of the stage 5A was significantly higher than that of other stages.(P=0.0001) Before NEE, the mean score of the stage 4 was significantly different from stage 2, 3, 5A, and after NEE, different from stage 2, 5B,6. 2. The analysis of change of moral development level revealed that the score of stage 4 increased after NEE.(P=0.0004) 3. The Effect of NEE for the mean score of 5A, 6, P after education was significantly different by birth place. 4. With regard to the five dilemmas postulated such as forcing medication performing cardiac pulmonary resuscitation, reporting a medication error, informing diagnosis to terminally ill adult, and providing new-nurse orientation, the mean score of the MS and the DS was no significant difference with general characteristics of the students. Effect of NEE morality score and dilemma score after education was no significant difference. 5. As for the correlations between moral reasoning and decision making, the score of the stage 2, 5A, 6, DS was positively correlated with the scores of before and after. Positive correlation was also observed between the scores of stage 2 and stage 4, stage 3 and 6. On the other hand, the score of P was negatively correlated with the scores of stage 2 and of stage 4 and of stage 5A. The score of the stage 5A was also negatively correlated with the score of the sge 6.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the ethical values of dental hygiene students and set up the way of ethic educationin educational course. Methods: The subjects in this study were 948 students in four colleges located in the metropolitan area, on whom a survey was conducted. Results : 1. Regarding values of human life, they got a mean of 3.01, which showed that they sort of took a deontological view. 2. As to values of dental hygiene duties, they got a mean of 3.62, which indicated that they took a deontological view. 3. Concerning values of clients, they got a mean of 3.22, which implied that they took a deontological view. 4. As for values of collaborators, they got a mean of 3.90, which denoted that they took a very deontological view. 5. In regard to correlation among each part of their ethical values, there was a very significant correlation between their views of dental hygiene duties and human life, and between their views of clients and collaborators(p<.001). 6. As to the relationship of general characteristics to ethical values, they took a significantly different view of human life according to academic year(p<.05), religion(p<.001), religious enthusiasm(p<.0010) and attitude to the occupation of dental hygienist(p<.001). Academic year Conclusions : Regardings ethical values of dental hygiene students which showed that they took a deontological view than autilitarianism view in all parts. Accordingly, In order to establish desirable ethical values, it was scrutinized that reinforcement of education on biomedical ethics and professional ethics in curriculum was needed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.501-510
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 임상실습을 경험한 의과대학생(이하 의과대학생으로 표기)과 일반대학생의 생사관과 영적안녕에 대한 특성을 살펴보고 그 상관성을 비교하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 H대학교 의과대학생 95명과 A대학교 일반대학생 103명을 대상으로 표집하였으며 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 의과대학생과 일반대학생 모두 생사관 하위 요인 중 부정적 죽음의미가 가장 높았다. 의과대학생과 일반대학생은 죽음불안과 생명존중의지에 차이를 보였는데 의과대학생은 일반대학생보다 죽음불안이 낮고, 생명존중의지가 높았다. 생사관과 영적안녕 하위요인간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 일반대학생의 실존적 안녕이 죽음관여도와 부적 상관관계를 보이고 생명존중의지와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 반면 의과대학생의 경우 종교적 안녕이 죽음의미와 부적 상관관계를 보였으며 실존적, 종교적 안녕 모두 생명존중의지와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 의료적 죽음에 노출이 될 의과대학생의 생명의료윤리교육에 차별적 컨텐츠를 구성함에 있어 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국의료윤리학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.301-315
• /
• 2018

여성은 신체적 특징과 더불어 사회적으로 부과된 '모성'에 의해 임신과 출산, 그리고 양육의 과정에서 책임자로 위임되어 왔다. 특히 임신, 출산과 더불어 낙태 또한 자신의 몸에서 직접 체험하며, 그것으로 인해 삶에 가장 영향을 받는 대상도 여성이다. 그러나 정작 여성은 자신의 몸에 대한 자기결정권을 제대로 갖지 못하고 있다. 이른바 '생명옹호론 대 선택옹호론(pro-life vs. pro-choice)'의 낙태담론 구도 속에서 여성의 자기결정권이란 애초에 '생명존중'에 비해 하위의 것으로 치부되어 왔다. 더욱이 최근 우리사회에서 저출산 위기론이 대두되면서 낙태 처벌이 강화되고 여성의 자율적 결정이나 권리 행사는 더욱 억압되는 상황으로 치닫고 있다. 그런데 일련의 이러한 과정에서 비장애여성과 장애여성 사이에 이중 잣대의 부당함마저 존재한다. 즉 여성들 사이에서 몸의 차등화가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 낙태에서 여성, 특히 장애여성의 자기결정권 문제를 센의 역량 접근 관점에서 고찰한다. 낙태는 개인적이면서도 동시에 사회적인 문제로서 단순히 낙태 허용 여부만이 아니라 임신과 출산, 양육 등과 함께 총체적인 관점에서 조망되어야 하기 때문이다. 결론적으로 낙태에서 장애여성의 자기결정권에 관한 역량 접근은 다음과 같은 윤리적 함의를 기대할 수 있다. 첫째, 장애여성이 처한 다양한 상황적 변수들을 자기결정권 개념 안에 함께 구성하도록 요청한다. 둘째, 장애여성의 실질적 자기결정권의 행사를 위해 개인과 공동체의 연대적 관계를 지향한다. 셋째, 포괄적인 장애여성의 권리로서 '재생산 권리'의 담론으로 확장시킨다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2018

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of acupuncture treatment for the management of subacute and chronic post-thoracotomy pain in patients with traumatic multiple rib fractures. Methods: A total of 30 participants who have undergone thoracotomy after traumatic multiple rib fractures will be recruited. Participants will be invited and equally randomised into acupuncture plus usual care and usual care alone groups. A computer-generated random number sequence will be used and concealed using opaque, sealed, sequentially numbered envelopes. Twelve sessions of manual and electrical acupuncture performed by Korean medicine doctors will be provided over a span of 3 months to participants allocated to the acupuncture group. Participants in the usual care group will continue pain medication, exercise and physical therapy as required. Study feasibility will be measured based on the proportion of patients who complete the measurement of pain at 12 or 24 weeks after baseline. The clinical outcomes will include; the average pain intensity over the recent week at rest, movement and cough, quality of life, patient's global assessment of recovery, respiratory function measured by the pulmonary function test and use of pain medication at 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after enrolment. Adverse events will be recorded for all participants. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The local ethics committee has approved the study. This pilot trial will inform further studies investigating the potential role of acupuncture for subacute and chronic post-thoracotomy pain in patients with traumatic multiple rib fractures.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.39-75
• /
• 2009

The development of the biomedical science and technology has extended an argument about a status in constitutional law of unborn human life and a protection of the potential human life to that of an embryo and a gamete beyond a fetus. This argument has been focused on whether we should provide unborn or potential human life with human dignity and the right to life that are guaranteed by the constitutional law altogether or separately. If the right to life is given to unborn or potential human life, on what grounds can we restrict this right. Those who argue for the unity of the right to life with human dignity and the inseparability of those two claims that the right to life in itself should be guaranteed absolutely. According to the constitutional law, however, any constitutional right of the human person within the protection of essential part of the right can be compared with each other and restricted with some valid reasons from the legal perspective. This measure is unavoidable in reality because one right can come into conflict with another right frequently. Since fetus and embryo are in a process of developing into the human person, it is difficult to think that they are the same with the human person. For that reason, it is hard to consider that the right to life of fetus or embryo is the same with that of the human person. However, since a fetus has a special status as a potential human person, and an embryo also has a special value as a potential fetus upon an implantation, the right to life of fetus or embryo should be judged differently according to the stage of their development. A study on a constitutional status and protection of a fetus and an embryo is essential because unborn or potential human life is the origin of human person. Therefore, we have to make much account of their right to life and seek the legal respect for their inherent value.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.8-18
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide the general history of fostering dentists in Japan and introducing their new roles. This research was conducted based on the government policy report on dentists and the information published by each educational institution. Based on the collected data, the official websites were used to represent the latest statistics of the institutions. The number of dentists in Japan has increased. The government established the National Examination for Dentists to guarantee the quality of dentists. After the standards for developing questions for the national examination were established in 1985, the contents of the examination have been appropriately improved by revising the standards every four years. This improvement has required dental students to study a variety of subjects for six years at dental school. Since dentists in Japan are required to respond to various demands from the nation; the Model Core Curriculum for Dental Education was developed to teach medical ethics and abilities to ensure that dentists conduct themselves professionally. Recently, the roles of dentists have been changing in Japan. When providing dental services to older patients over the age of 65, dentists and other dental professions focus on maintaining oral functions, such as saliva secretion, bite force, tongue movement, and masticatory/swallowing functions. However, oral function-related services for children are different. In addition to providing essential dental services, dental practitioners also provide special treatment, such as oral muscle training, myofunctional therapy, health guidance, and space retainers to the child patients with developmental insufficiency in oral functions. Dentistry in Japan has undergone numerous changes over the years and has continued to offer high-quality dental health services. Thus, information gained from the Japanese experience may be helpful to dental professions in other developed countries for planning oral health measures.