• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.624-630
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• 2020

This study examined the quality characteristics of Makgeolli to investigate the availability of Korean sweet potato cultivars as alcoholic beverages. The following sweet potato varieties were used: Gogunmi, Daeyumi, Shingunmi, Shinyulmi, Shincheonmi, Jinyulmi, Jinhongmi, Jeungmi and Pungwonmi; their alcohol contents ranged from 12.20% to 14.20%, with the lowest value in Makgeolli made with Jeungmi and the highest value in Makgeolli made with Jinhongmi. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was in the range of 37.51~77.02%, with the lowest value in Makgeolli made with rice (control) and the highest value in Makgeolli made with Gogunmi. As a result of analyzing the aroma component of sweet potato Makgeolli, 27 kinds of aroma components were detected, and six kinds of alcohols, 13 kinds of esters, four kinds of acids, and four kinds of other compounds were found. Regarding the number of aroma compounds, Makgeolli made with Shinyulmi showed the lowest number with 14 kinds, while Makgeolli made with Pungwonmi showed the highest number with 27 kinds.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2021

This study investigated the reference case in the UK where legality and sustainability were systematically established for forest biomass represented by wood pellets. The UK is the country that best utilizes the trade value of wood pellets based on sustainability, with bioenergy accounting for 31% of total renewable energy production. The UK imported wood pellet, estimated 8,697 thousand tons in 2019. The UK government has continuously improved the renewable generation policy system to ensure the sustainability of wood pellets. The weighted average greenhouse gas emissions of a UK biomass power plant that received a Renewable Obligation Certificate (ROC) in 2018-19 was 26.71 gCO2e/MJ. These power plants are expected to meet the upper limit of 72.2 gCO2e/MJ by 2025. To issue an ROC, the biomass power plant must demonstrate that 70% of its total biofuel usage is sustainable. The UK uses the Sustainable Biomass Program (SBP) certification system, which is gradually expanding to other European countries, to prove the sustainability of biomass energy fuels. Global wood pellet production with SBP certification in 2019 was 10.5 Mt. This trend has significant implications for introducing additional sustainability into the wood pellet policy of South Korea.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study analyzed the anticipated supply-and-demand of forest biomass energy (through wood pellets) until 2050, in South Korea. Comparing the utilization rates of forest resources of five countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, Japan, and S. Korea), it was found that S. Korea does not nearly utilize its forest resources for energy purposes. The total demand for wood pellets in S. Korea (based on a power generation efficiency of 38%) was predicted to be 3,629 and 4,371 thousand tons in 2034 and 2050, respectively. The anticipated total wood pellet power generation ratio to target power consumption is 1.13% (5,745 GWh), 1.17% (6,336 GWh), and 1.25% (7,631 GWh) in 2020, 2030, and 2050, respectively. Low value-added forest residues left unattended in forests are called "Unused Forest Biomass" in S. Korea. From the analysis, the total annual potential amount of raw material, sustainably collectible amount, and available amount of wood pellet in 2050 were estimated to be 6,877, 4,814, and 3,370 thousand tons, respectively. The rate of contribution to Nationally Determined Contributions was up to 0.64%. Through this study, the authors found that forest biomass energy will contribute to a carbon neutral society in the near future at the national level.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.10-22
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• 2022

Forest biomass energy is based on scientific evidence in response to carbon neutrality and the climate crisis, international consensus, and environmental-geographic characteristics of each nation. In this study, the authors aimed to analyze macroscopic forest biomass energy policies for ten major countries. They categorized them into six detailed categories (Sustainable utilization, Cascading Uutilization, Replacement of fossil fuel/Carbon intensive products, Utilization of forest by-products/residues as the source of energy, Contribution to carbon-neutral/climate change, and Biomass combined with CCS/CCUS ). In addition, the surveyed nations have developed a policy consensus on the active use of forest biomass with sustainable forest management except for the cascading utilization category. Furthermore, the authors evaluated the mid to long-term plans of the Korean government for improvements in the policy and legal aspects. As a result, the authors derived four major directions that South Korea should approach strategically in the future (1) secure financial resources for sustainable forest management and stimulating investment in the timber industry, (2) promote unified policies to establish a bio-economy, (3) enhancement of the forest biomass energy system, and (4) reorganization and promotion of strategy centered on the opinions of field experts in internal and external instability.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2022

An ex-situ gravitational fixed bed pyrolysis reactor was used over Al₂O₃ supported Ni₂P based catalyst with various Ni/P molar ratios (0.5-2.0) and constant nickel loading of 5.37 mmol/g Al₂O₃ to determine the hydrodeoxygenation of rubberwood sawdust (RWS) at atmospheric pressure. The 3D catalysts formed were characterized structurally as well as acidic properties were determined by hydrogen-temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The Ni₂P phase formed completely on Al₂O₃ for 1.5 Ni/P ratio, although lesser crystallite sizes of Ni₂P were seen at Ni/P ratios less than 1.5. Additionally, it was shown that when nickel loading level increased, acidity increased and specific surface area dropped, probably because nickel phosphate is not easily converted to Ni₂P. When Ni/P ratio was 1.5, Ni₂P phase fully formed on Al₂O₃. The catalytic activity was explained in terms of impacts of reaction temperature and Ni/P molar ratio. At relatively high temperature of 450℃, the high-value deoxygenated produce was predominantly composed of n-alkanes. Based on the findings, it was suggested that hydrogenolysis, hydrodeoxygenation, dehydration, decarbonylation, and hydrogenation are all part of mechanism underlying hydrotreatment of RWS. In conclusion, the synthesized Ni₂P/ Al₂O₃ catalyst was capable of deoxygenating RWS with ease at atmospheric pressure, primarily resulting in long chained (C₉-C₂₄) hydrocarbons and acetic acid.

• 공업화학전망
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

이온교환막을 이용한 전기적 탈염기술은 막모듈 내에 양이온교환막과 음이온교환막을 교대로 장착시키고 모듈의 양단 전극에 전압을 적용함으로써 물속에 용존되어 있는 양이온과 음이온들을 전기의 힘을 이용하여 선택적으로 투과시키는 원리를 기반으로 하는 청정공정 기술이다. 이온교환막 공정은 전통적으로 산/알칼리의 생산, 산업폐수의 중금속의 제거, 해수의 담수화, 반도체 산업의 초순수의 제조, 해수에서 식염의 제조, 발효산업의 유기산 및 아미노산의 회수 등 다양한 산업분야에서 응용되어 왔다. 최근에는 이러한 기존의 응용분야에서 벗어나 새롭게 응용분야가 넓어지고 있다. 이온교환막과 다공성 탄소전극을 결합한 막축전식 해수담수화기술, 해수와 담수의 염도차를 이용한 역전기투석식 해수발전 등의 새로운 선택분리기능 및 응용분야를 가진 이온교환막의 개발 및 공정에 관한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 이온교환막이 아직 상용화되지 않고 있어 이온교환막을 이용한 응용연구가 활발하게 진행되지 못하고 있어 그 개발이 시급하다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 이온교환막을 이용한 전기투석식 탈염기술, 물분해 전기투석, 전기탈이온 공정에 관한 동향을 조사하였다. 아울러 미래의 이온교환막의 응용기술인 해수담수화기술로서 역삼투법과 경쟁하여 에너지를 낮게 소모할 것으로 예상되는 분리막을 이용한 막축전식 탈염기술과 무한한 신재생에너지원인 해수와 담수를 이용한 역전기투석 해수발전기술에 대해 기술의 원리들과 최근의 연구동향 등을 정리하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.572-580
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• 2023

Hypertension is characterized by excessive renin-angiotensin system activity, leading to blood vessel constriction. Several synthetic compounds have been developed to inhibit renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). These drugs often have adverse side effects, driving the exploration of plant protein-derived peptides as alternative or supplementary treatments. This study assessed the phenolic compound and amino acid content and the antioxidant and antihypertensive activity of 5 South Korean staple crops. Sorghum had the highest phenolic compound content and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. Millet grains, particularly finger millet (38.86%), showed higher antihypertensive activity than red beans (14.42%) and sorghum (17.16%). Finger millet was found to contain a large proportion of branched-chain, aromatic, and sulfur-containing amino acids, which are associated with ACE inhibition. In particular, cysteine content was positively correlated with ACE inhibition in the crops tested (r=0.696, p<0.01). This study confirmed that the amino acid composition was more correlated with the antihypertensive activity of grains than the phenolic compound content. Finger millet mainly contained amino acids, which have higher ACE inhibitory activity, resulting in the strongest antihypertensive activity. These findings underscore the antihypertensive potential of select crops as plant-based food ingredients, offering insight into their biological functions.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

Global efforts are focused on achieving carbon neutrality due to the increases in the levels of greenhouse gases. Moreover, the greenhouse gases generated from the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) are the primary sources of emissions in South Korea. In this study, we conducted the biological conversion of syngas (CO, H₂, and CO₂) generated from MSW gasification. The MSW-derived syngas was used as a feed source for cultivating Eubacterium limosum KIST612, and pressurization was employed to enhance gas solubility in culture broth. However, the pH of the medium decreased owing to the pressurization because of the CO₂ in the syngas and the cultivation-associated organic acid production. The replacement of conventional HEPES buffer with a phosphate buffer led to an approximately 2.5-fold increase in acetic acid concentration. Furthermore, compared with the control group, the pressurized reactor exhibited a maximum 8.28-fold increase in the CO consumption rate and a 3.8-fold increase in the H2 consumption rate.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 1997

지상부 및 토양중 탄소축적에 미치는 시비의 효과와 클론간(5개의 버드나무 클론과 1개의 잡종 포플러 클론)의 특성을 규명하기 위한 목적으로, 목재에너지 공급을 위해 1987년 미국 뉴욕주립대 연습림에 조성된 버드나무(Salix spp.)조림지를 대상으로 1992년과 1993년 겨울에 분석용 지상부와 토양시료를 채취하여 탄소축적량을 측정하였다. 시비구에 매년 N(336kg/ha), P(112kg/ha) 및 K(224kg/ha)를 시비하였으며, 조림지에 식재된 모든 공시목은 매년 벌채되었다. 시비처리된 버드나무 클론SV1의 지상부 탄소축적량은 5.4t/ha/yr(6년생뿌리)와 6.8t/ha/yr(7년생뿌리)로써 전체 클론중 가장 높게 나타났다. 전체 클론에 대한 부위별 평균 탄소함량은 수간목부에서 57.1~57.5%, 수피에서 54.0~55.4%, 그리고 생지에서 55.6~56.5%로 분포하였다. 시비처리에 의한 지상부 탄소축적량의 증가가 1992년에 전체 클론 중 2개 클론(SA2, SA22)에서만 있었으며(시비와 클론간 교호작용(交互作用)), 1993년에는 대조구와 시비구간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 토심별(0-10, 10-20, 20-40cm) 토양중 탄소축적량은 대조구와 시비구간에 차이가 없었다. 클론간 토양 탄소축적량은 1992년 0-10cm 토심에서만 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 이것은 클론에 의한 영향보다는 토양중 자갈함량의 차이에 의한 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서 나타난 클론과 시비간 교호작용(交互作用) 때문에 지상부 탄소축척에 대한 시비처리효과의 평가는 각 클론내에서 실시되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.433-440
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• 2009

고구마는 우리나라와 같은 온대지역에서 개화(開花)가 잘 되지 않고 자가부화합성(自家不和合性)으로 알려져 있지만 자가화합성(自家和合性) 품종도 있으며 품종간(品種間)에 교잡부화합성(交雜不和合性)이 존재한다. 그러나 국내에서는 지금까지 이러한 특성(特性)들이 연구되지 않아 육종효솔(育種效率)이 매우 낮다. 따라서 본 연구는 고구마 교잡육종(交雜育種) 효솔증진(效率增進)을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 국내에서 육성된 33개 품종의 개화성(開花性)을 조사하였다. 1. 자근(自根) 개화성(開花性)은 10~10.5시간의 일장(日長)에서 신미(新美) 등 14개 품종, 10.5~12시간(時間)의 일장(日長)에서는 홍미(紅美) 등 3개 품종만이 다소 개화되었고 그 이외의 품종들은 개화(開花)되지 않았으며, 12~14시간의 일장(日長)에서 개화되는 품종은 없었다. 2. 나팔꽃 대목(臺木)에 접목(接木)하였을 때는 자근상태(自根狀態)에서 거의 개화가 안되었던 품종들이 모두 개화되었고, 일장처리(日長處理) 방법에 있어서는 접목(接木)된 식물체(植物體)를 암실(暗室)로 이동시키는 방법에 의해 인위적(人爲的)으로 10시간의 단일처리(短日處理)를 하는 것보다 동계(冬季) 자연단일(自然短日) 상태(狀態)에서 개화성(開花性)이 더 증진되었다. 3. 품종별(品種別)로는 목계(木系)1호(號) 등 8개 국내품종은 접목(接木)과 단일상태(短日狀態)에서도 개화성(開花性)이 양호(良好)하지 못하였고 그 이외의 품종들은 개화성(開花性)이 양호(良好)하였다. 4. 화기특성(花器特性)은 조사품종 전체평균 화경(花梗)길이 $56.2\pm21.2\;mm$, 화경폭(花梗幅) $3.2\pm0.5\;mm$, 소화경(小花梗)길이 $6.8\pm2.1\;mm$, 소화경폭(小花梗幅) $2.4\pm0.3\;mm$, 암술길이 $19.3\pm1.7\;mm$, 최장(最長)수술길이 $20.2\pm2.7\;mm$, 최단(最短)수술길이 $14.6\pm1.9\;mm$로서 화경(花梗)길이를 제외하고는 품종간(品種間)에 거의 차이가 없었다. 화주(花柱), 주두(柱頭) 및 화분(花粉)의 색(色)은 대부분의 품종이 백색(白色)이었으나 건미(健美) 등 2개 품종은 화주(花柱)가, 선미(善美) 등 4개 품종은 주두(柱頭)가 옅은 분홍색(粉紅色)이었고, 자방(子房)은 모든 품종이 옅은 갈색(褐色)이었다. 화관폭(花冠幅)은 $36.7\pm6.0\;mm$, 화통폭(花筒幅)은 $12.8\pm1.5\;mm$, 화관(花冠)길이는 $40.2\pm6.5\;mm$이었고, 화관(花冠) 및 화통(花筒)의 색은 모든 품종이 분홍색(粉紅色)이었으며, 화분직경(花粉直徑)은 $131\pm1.5\;{\mu}m$였다.