• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7123-7127
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine the utility of secondary circulating prostate cells for predicting early biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer and compare the results with the Walz nomagram. Materials and Methods: A single centre, prospective study of men with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy between 2004 and 2014 was conducted, with registration of clinical-pathological details, total serum PSA pre-surgery, Gleason score, extracapsular extension, positive surgical margins, infiltration of lymph nodes, seminal vesicles and pathological stage. Secondary circulating prostate cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation and assessed using standard immunocytochemistry with anti-PSA. Biochemical failure was defined as a PSA >0.2ng/ml, predictive values werecalculated using the Walz nomagram and CPC detection. Results: A total of 326 men participated, with a median follow up of 5 years; 64 had biochemical failure within two years. Extracapsular extension, positive surgical margins, pathological stage, Gleason score ${\geq}8$, infiltration of seminal vesicles and lymph nodes were all associated with higher risk of biochemical failure. The discriminative value for the nomogram and circulating prostate cells was high (AUC >0.80), predictive values were higher for circulating prostate cell detection, with a negative predictive value of 99%, sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 75%. Conclusions: The nomagram had good predictive power to identify men with a high risk of biochemical failure within two years. The presence of circulating prostate cells had the same predictive power, with a higher sensitivity and negative predictive value. The presence of secondary circulating prostate cells identifies a group of men with a high risk of early biochemical failure. Those negative for secondary CPCs have a very low risk of early biochemical failure.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.741-744
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 in children with constipation, particularly the biochemical aspects of safety. Methods: Medical records were evaluated, and 100 children, who had been taking PEG 4000 for more than 6 months, and who had been under clinical and biochemical monitoring, were enrolled. Ages; $6.11{\pm}3.12$ years, Duration of therapy; $16.93{\pm}7.02$ months, dose of PEG 4000; $0.72{\pm}0.21g/kg/d$. Results: None of the children complained of clinical adverse effect. The first biochemical test was performed at 8.05 months after beginning of PEG 4000. Serum phosphate (SP) value was high in 10 children, and leucopenia was noted in one child. The second test was performed in 44 children at 7.57 months after the first test. The SP value was high in four children, including the three children whose initial SP value was high and one new child. Six out of 10 children with high initial SP value became normal and one was lost. Hypernatremia was noted in one child. The third test was done in 15 children at 7.5 months after the second test. The SP value of the new child from the second test was high, but became normal after finishing treatment. Two out of 3 children with high SP value at the second test became normal and one was lost. The fourth test was done in 2 children few months after the third test. All of the results were normal. There were no relation between duration of therapy and hyperphosphatemia, or between dose of PEG 4000 and hyperphosphatemia. Conclusions: PEG 4000 is safe for long-term therapy in children with constipation with respect to biochemical parameters.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.74-78
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• 2003

We executed this experiment to observe side effects of warfarin, the anticoagulant that is used for preventing thrombus in cardiovascular surgery for calves. The 6 calves(70-130 kg) were used in this experiment regardless of sexes. We administered warfarin at 0.07 mg/kg daily for 25 days. Blood was collected before warfarin administration, every five days for 30 days. PCV, RBC, WBC, fibrinogen, total protein and platelet as blood test, prothrombin time (PT) as blood coagulation test, and AST, SDH, total bilirubin, BUN and creatinine as serum biochemical tests were measured. As the result of the experiment, PT has been gradually increased after warfarin administration. It has been gradually increased and remains within the therapeutic range from the third day to the 28th day. PCV and RBC were decreased significantly from the value before the administration (p < 0.05). In the serum biochemical test, SDH shows significant increase comparing the value before the administration (p < 0.05). AST and total bilirubin were increased gradually from the value before the administration. Considering the result of the experiment, to give wafarin to prevent thrombus in cardiovascular surgery, we can get anticoagulation effect with minimal administration(0.07 mg/kg, PO) from the third day of the administration. However because of the decreased PCV and RBC, it may cause anemia. It may cause damage to liver based on the result of serum biochemical test.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2012

RFLP of PGC-$1{\alpha}$ gene of 285 Korean women was analyzed by PCR and HpaII restriction. We evaluated the correlation between PGC 1 genotypes and biochemical results, using the results of RFLP. Study subjects were divided into 3 groups: normal group (who has been average value of serum biochemical analysis), upper group (who has been higher value than average value), and low group (who have been lower value than average value). The frequencies of $H_1H_1$, $H_1H_2$, and $H_2H_2$ genotypes were 92 (32%), 85 (32%), and 108 (38%) respectively, and the ratio between $H_1$ and $H_2$ alleles was 1:1.1. There were no meaningful differences between biochemical results and PGC-$1{\alpha}$ genotypes in the normal group. But, in upper group, there was significant difference in total cholesterol (P=0.04) level. In the result of Turkey multiple comparison test, the P value of $H_1H_1$ and $H_2H_2$ was 0.059. In upper group, there were noticeable differences also in triglyceride (P=0.034) level and glucose (P=0.043) level, respectively. There were important differences between $H_1H_1$ type and $H_1H_2$ type in triglyceride (P=0.029) level and between $H_1H_2$ type and $H_2H_2$ type in glucose (P=0.040) level. This study may provide the PGC-$1{\alpha}$ genotype patterns for the amounts of lipid and glucose in the serum. $H_2$ allele (Ser482) of PGC-$1{\alpha}$ gene may be related with upper group in Korean women.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.304-310
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• 2001

The joint disease including osteoarthris (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are common in the horse. Many studies have been performed to develop biochemical markers reflecting the abnormalities of cartilage and synovial membrane. However, no specific, sensitive and clinically well established assay systems have been yet available to characterize the severity of joint diseases. Indeed, radiography is still doctor's best choice of assessing joint damage in OA/RA. This review focuses on biochemical molecules such as proteoglycan, collagen, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), lectin and cytokine to assess their potential value for not only predicting stage of joint disease but also monitoring treatment efficacy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3385-3388
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• 2012

Objective: The study was conducted to assess biochemical profiles in premenopausal and postmenopausal women having breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A hospital based case control study was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH), Pokhara, Nepal. The analysed variables were age, metabolic profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, blood sugar, insulin concentration, C-peptide, HbA1c and selenium. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: In premenopausal women, significant differences were noted for total cholesterol (P value <0.001), triglycerides (P value 0.002), HbA1c level (P value <0.001), insulin concentration (P value 0.030), C-peptide concentration (P value 0.001), and selenium (P value <0.001) between cases and controls. Insignificant results were found for HDL-C (P value 0.749), LDL-C (P value 0.933), blood sugar (P value 0.59) and BMI (P value 0.746). Similarly, significant difference in total cholesterol (P value <0.001), triglycerides (P value 0.001), LDL-C (P value <0.001), HDL-C (P value 0.025), blood sugar (P value <0.001), insulin concentration (P value <0.001), c-peptide concentration (P value <0.001), HbA1c level (P value <0.001) and selenium (P value <0.001) were observed for postmenopausal patients and controls. Conclusions: Assessing metabolic changes and their management may be important for control of breast cancer and increased survival.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 1997

The measurement of many biochemical changes that could be appeared as aging will be resulted in the very useful and basal marker to maintain healthy life and to predict the health condition and the retardation of the aging. We classified the geriatrics into the normal and same aged dementia on the based of clinical diagnostic as well as MMSE evaluation. And then we were collected blood samples from both groups and examined 13 biochemical assays to screen any valuable biochemical index for dementia. Among 13 assays, several assay data showed the statistically significant differences between two groups. The values of serum albumin, APase, and GOT were significantly decreased in demented group compared to control. On the other hand, the values of glucose and LDH were increased in dementia compared to control. Additionally, the value of Pi was increased but the values of calcium and GPT were decreased, without significant difference (p＞0.05). The values of other assays such as bilirubin, BUN, cholesterol, creatinine and total protein did not show any statistically significant differences. Conclusively it may be suggested that dementia might be resulted in the variable biochemical changes which could be affected by many environmental factors as well as dementia itself.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2006

The asymmetric biosynthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate from ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate was investigated by using whole cells of Candida magnoliae JX120-3 without the addition of glucose dehydrogenase or $NADP^+/NADPH$. In a one-phase system, the bioconversion yield was seriously affected on the addition of 12.1 g/L ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. In order to reduce this substrate inhibition, a water/ n-butyl acetate two-phase system was developed, and the bioreduction conditions optimized with regard to the yield and product enantiometric excess value. The optimal conditions were as following: water to n-butyl acetate volume ratio of 1:1, 4.0 g DCW/L active cells, 50 g/L glucose and $35^{\circ}C$. By adopting a dropwise substrate feeding strategy, high concentration of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (60 g/L) could be asymmetrically reduced to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate with high yield (93.8%) and high enantiometric excess value (92.7%).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.748-753
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• 2007

Serum biochemical values were measured in blood samples collected from 8 fasted stags from both jugular and femoral veins at 18-day intervals during antler growth. Samples were analyzed for blood substrate, enzyme activity values, minerals and electrolyte. There were no significant differences in total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, glucose or cholesterol concentration between veins or sampling dates. However, total-bilirubin concentration in the jugular vein on the casting date was three times higher than on the other sampling dates (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase with progressing antler growth. The highest level of alkaline phosphatase concentration was on day 55 after casting. There were no significant differences in inorganic phosphorus, sodium and chloride concentration between jugular and femoral samples. Calcium concentration was significantly higher in the femoral vein on the cutting date (55 day) than in the jugular vein (p<0.05). There were few changes in serum biochemical values. However, some electrolytes and minerals had differences during antler growth. It is suggested that despite such a big event as antler growth, blood biochemical values are not variable if feeding conditions are consistently maintained as was the case in this study.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 2009

Red mud is generated as a waste byproduct during the production of aluminum hydroxide/alumina from bauxite ore in the Bayer process. In this study coagulants for wastewater treatment were prepared by leaching iron and aluminum from red mud with hydrochloric acid. The removal efficiency of heavy metal ions by the red mud coagulant increased with increasing the adjusted pH value of the synthetic wastewater. When the red mud coagulant was prepared, the leaching efficiency of Fe decreased with increasing the weight of red mud, while the pH value of the red mud coagulant increased. The solution of the red mud coagulant mixed with water was reacted again with red mud to produce the leached solution, which had higher concentrations of Fe and Al and a higher pH value than the red mud coagulant. Also, its pH value was comparable to that of other coagulants: $FeCl_3$ and $Fe_2(SO_4)_3$.