• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.259-270
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• 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been studied in various fields of medical imaging. Currently, top-notch deep learning (DL) techniques have led to high diagnostic accuracy and fast computation. However, they are rarely used in real clinical practices because of a lack of reliability concerning their results. Most DL models can achieve high performance by extracting features from large volumes of data. However, increasing model complexity and nonlinearity turn such models into black boxes that are seldom accessible, interpretable, and transparent. As a result, scientific interest in the field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is gradually emerging. This study aims to review diverse XAI approaches currently exploited in medical imaging. We identify the concepts of the methods, introduce studies applying them to imaging modalities such as computational tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopy, and lastly discuss limitations and challenges faced by XAI for future studies.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.942-942
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• 2005

• Translational and Clinical Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2017

Glimepiride, a third generation sulfonylurea, is an antihyperglycemic agent widely used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, an untargeted urinary metabolomic analysis was performed to identify endogenous metabolites affected by glimepiride administration. Urine samples of twelve healthy male volunteers were collected before and after administration of 2 mg glimepiride. These samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and then subjected to multivariate data analysis including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Through this metabolomic profiling, we identified several endogenous metabolites such as adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), quercetin, tyramine, and urocanic acid, which exhibit significant metabolomic changes between pre- and posturine samples. Among these, cAMP, which is known to be related to insulin secretion, was the most significantly altered metabolite following glimepiride administration. In addition, the pathway analysis showed that purine, tyrosine, and histidine metabolism was affected by pharmacological responses to glimepiride. Together, the results suggest that the pharmacometabolomic approach, based on LC-MS/MS, is useful in understanding the alterations in biochemical pathways associated with glimepiride action.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2016

Crotamine is a peptide toxin found in the venom of the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus and has antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Herein, we show that crotamine dose-dependently induced macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the crotamineinduced expression of iNOS and TNF-α is mediated through the phosphorylation of p38 and the NF-κB signaling cascade in macrophages. Notably, pretreatment with SB203580 (a p38-specific inhibitor) or BAY 11-7082 (an NF-κB inhibitor) inhibited crotamine-induced NO production and macrophage phagocytic and cytotoxic activity. Our results show for the first time that crotamine stimulates macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by induction of NO and TNF-α via the p38 and NF-κB signaling pathways and suggest that crotamine may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory disease.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.386-387
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• 2011

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.557-558
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.563-564
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• 2006

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.259-270
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• 2010

MEMS(micro electro mechanical systems) is a technology for the manufacture hyperfine structure, as a micro-sensor and a driving device, by a variety of materials such as silicon and polymer. Many study for utilizing the MEMS applications have been performed in variety of fields, such as light devices, high frequency equipments, bio-technology, energy applications and other applications. Especially, the field of Bio-MEMS related with bio-technology is very attractive, because it have the potential technology for the miniaturization of the medical diagnosis system. Bio-MEMS, the compound word formed from the words 'Bio-technology' and 'MEMS', is hyperfine devices to analyze biological signals in vitro or in vivo. It is extending the range of its application area, by combination with nano-technology(NT), Information Technology(IT). The LOC(lab-on-a-chip) in Bio-MEMS, the comprehensive measurement system combined with Micro fluidic systems, bio-sensors and bio-materials, is the representative technology for the miniaturization of the medical diagnosis system. Therefore, many researchers around the world are performing research on this area. In this paper, the application, development and market trends of Bio-MEMS are investigated.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.257-259
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• 2003

본 논문은 다이오드 레이저와 광 다이오드를 사용한 이중 빗살형 다이오드 레이저 비색 분광기를 개발하여 항균 성분의 양이온 계면 활성제로 널리 사용되고 있는 cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC)의 농도를 측정하였다 분광기의 안정도는 광원의 세기, 감도, 재현성을 측정한 예비 실험을 통하여 검증이 되었다 또한 상용화된 UV/VIS분광기와의 비교 결과를 나타내었다. 다이오드 비색 분광기는 3×10/sup -5/M에서 1.1×10/sup -4/M의 CPC 농도 범위에서 0.9635의 상관계수를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 CPC의 농도 분석을 위한 간편한 다이오드 레이저 비색 분광기 개발의 가능성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.31-37
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• 2009