• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.655-663
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• 2020

Background: Korean Red Ginseng is known to exhibit immune-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties. The immune-enhancing effects of the nonsaponin fraction (NSF) of Korean Red Ginseng have been studied in many reports. However, the gastroprotective effect of this fraction is not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate the activities of NSF for gastrointestinal protection and its related critical factor. Methods: The in vitro and in vivo regulatory functions of NSF on cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) messenger RNA and protein levels were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting analyses. Gastroprotective effects of NSF were investigated by histological score, gastric juice pH, and myeloperoxidase activity on indomethacin-induced, cold stress-induced, and acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastritis and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in in vivo mouse models. Results: NSF did not show cytotoxicity, and it increased COX-1 messenger RNA expression and protein levels in RAW264.7 cells. This upregulation was also observed in colitis and gastritis in vivo models. In addition, NSF treatment in mice ameliorated the symptoms of gastrointestinal inflammation, including histological score, colon length, gastric juice pH, gastric wall thickness, and myeloperoxidase activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that NSF has gastroprotective effects on gastritis and colitis in in vivo mouse models through COX-1 upregulation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.198-204
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• 2011

This study was performed to enhance antifungal activity of anthracnose in chili pepper by nanopaticles of thiamine di-lauryl sulfate (TDS) through high pressure homogenization process. Yield of TDS was 79.14% by reaction of thiamine hydrochloride and sodium lauryl sulfate. TDS nanopaticle solution was manufactured through high pressure homogenization process. The turbidity of nanoparticles solution was increased with increasing the concentration of TDS, and nanoparticles solution of 100 ppm was showed the highest turbidity with absorbance of 3.212. The size of nanoparticles solution was measured as average 258.6 nm by DLS. Nanoparticles solution of 100 ppm showed growth inhibition activity with higher than about 80% compared to the control group against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Finally, nanoparticles solution was increased effectively the penetration of the TDS nanopaticles on attached cell membrane of hyphae and started to destruct the cells under microscope observation. Consequently, we suggested that the TDS nanoparticle solution by high pressure homogenization process might be suitable biochemical pesticides for improving the antifungal activities against anthracnose in pepper.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Initial prevention activities and rapid propagation conditions is the most important to prevent diffusion of water pollution. If water pollutants flow into streams river or main stresm located in environmental conservation area or water intake facilities, we must predict immediately arrival time and the diffusion concentration to the proactive. National Institute of Environmental Research developed water pollution incident response prediction system linking dam and movable weir. the system is mathematical model which is updated daily. Therefore it can quickly predict the arrival time and the diffusion concentration when there are accident of oil spills and hazardous chemicals. Also we equipped with mathematical model and toxicity model of EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code) to calculate the arrival time and the diffusion concentration. However these systems offer the services of an offline manner than real-time control services. we have ensured the reliability of data collection and have developed a real-time water quality measurement data transmission device by using the data linkage utilizing a mode bus communication and a commercial SCADA system, in particular, we implemented to be able to do real-time water quality prediction through information infrastructure of the water quality integrated management business created by utilizing the construction of the real-time prediction system that utilizes the data collected, the Open map, the visual representation using charts API and development of integrated management system development based on web maps.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.348-352
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• 2000

The stabilization of wheat $\beta$-amylase( Himaltosin GL, Hankyu-Bio) was attained by modification wish periodate-oxidized soluble starch. The specific activities of modified enzyme at pH 9.7 and pH 8.0 were 17% and 96%, respectively, compared with that of native enzyme. The pH stability of modified enzyme was increased at pH 2~5 and 6~12 in the presence of $\alpha$-cyclodextrin( $\alpha$-CD) compared with that of native enzyme, and optimum pH of the enzyme was changed from pH 5.0 to pH 7.0 by the modification. Thermal stability of the modified enzyme was increased. After treatment at 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 10min, the activity remained 8% for the enzyme modified at pH 8.0 in the presence of $\alpha$-CD and tested in the presence of $\alpha$-CD, 5% for the native enzyme. The native enzyme and modified enzyme showed one peak in HPLC. The molecular weight of the modified enzyme was slightly increased in HPLC analysis.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.635-640
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• 2016

Lactobacillus acidophilus n.v. Er2 317/402 strain Narine is known as a health beneficial functional probiotic culture and supplementary source of nutrition for newborns. In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activities of Narine-lyophilized (Narine-L), Narine-heat treated (Narine-HT), and Narine crude cell-free extract (Narine-CCFE) were evaluated against pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) in agar as well as in a reconstituted powdered infant formula (RPIF) model. Inhibition zones of 30 mg Narine-L and Narine-HT were both 150 U, whereas inhibition zone of 30 mg Narine-CCFE was 200 U. Narine-L (1 g) and Narine-HT (1 g) were added to 10 mL of artificially contaminated RPIF, respectively, containing 100 μL of C. sakazakii (1.62×10⁸ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL). After treatment with Narine-L and Narine-HT for 3 h and 6 h at 37℃, less than ≤107 CFU/mL of C. sakazakii was detected in RPIF. Without Narine-L and Narine-HT treatment, the population of C. sakazakii increased up to 5.36×10⁹ CFU/mL after 6 h. Examination by transmission electron microscopy confirmed C. sakazakii cells were damaged by Narine-CCFE. Thus, employing Narine culture as a natural and safe bio-preservative may protect infants from C. sakazakii.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.355-362
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• 1998

The minor form of phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11; PFK), which was suggested to be of plastid origin from the host fraction of chickpea nodules, was isolated as a small protein with apparent molecular mass near 220 kDa and purified to a high degree. SDS-PAGE and western blot indicated that the enzyme was made up of a homotetrameric structure (55 kDa). The enzyme had sharp pH profiles with maximal activities at pH 8 and displayed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with respect to Fru-6-P and nucleoside triphosphate substrate at the pH optimum (pH 8) and at pH 7. MgATP was the most effective phosphoryl donor. Phosphoenolpyruvate was a potent inhibitor of minor PFK activity, and the enzyme was also strongly inhibited by 3-phosphoglycerate, 2-phosphoglycerate, and to a lesser extent, PPi. Minor PFK was weakly activated by KCl, NaCl and Pi, and was inhibitory at high concentration of KCl and Pi.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2018

본 연구는 발효 옻나무와 구절초를 복합소재로 활용하여 화장품 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 확인하고자 항산화, 항주름 및 미백활성을 검증하였다. 구절초와 발효옻나무를 각각 및 각 비율별로 혼합하여 항산화 활성, 항주름 활성, 미백활성을 확인하였다. 구절초와 발효옻나무의 최적 혼합비율을 설정하기 위해 다양한 혼합비에서 선별하였으며, 구절초 1: 옻나무 9의 활성이 가장 효과적이었다. 혼합물의 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거활성은 $1,000{\mu}g/ml$에서 각각 $95.78{\pm}3.24%$, $99.01{\pm}1.80%$로 나타났고, reducing power은 $1,000{\mu}g/ml$에서 $81.48{\pm}1.47%$로 확인되었다. Tyrosinase 저해활성은 $1,000{\mu}g/ml$에서 $16.74{\pm}1.85%$로, Collagenase 저해활성은 $20{\mu}g/ml$에서 $112.40{\pm}7.75%$로 나타났다. 미백 활성을 확인하기 위한 대조군으로 arbutin을 사용하였으며, B16 F10 세포를 통한 미백 활성은 혼합물 처리에 의해 tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MITF protein 및 mRNA 발현을 유의성 있게 저해하였으며, arbutin과 유사한 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 wound healing assay를 통한 피부 장벽 손실 억제 효과를 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 구절초와 발효옻나무의 혼합물의 높은 항산화, 항주름 및 미백활성을 통해 천연화장품의 소재로서의 높은 가치를 확인하였다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.983-988
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• 2006

The textile remains have been affected largely by environmental factors including microorganisms because they were composed of organic compounds to be easy to damage. So, we selected 8 strains of the 131 isolated strains from museum environments and textile remains by high pretense activity, and identified them for measuring the antibacterial activity of Gingko biloba extracts. They were identified Genus Arthrobacter spp. 3 strains (Arthrobacter nicotiannae A12, Arthrobacter sp B12, Arthrobacter oxidans B13), Cenus Bacillus spp. 2 strains (Bacillus licheniformis D9, Bacillus cereus D33), Genus Pseudomonas spp. 2 strains (Pseudomonas putida A24, Pseufomonas fluorescene C21) and a Genus Staphylococcus sp. 1 strain (Staphylococcus pasteuri D3) as closest strains through the blast search of NCBI. Though antibacterial activity of the extracts of Gingko biloba leaves as MIC was lower than that of other pharmaceutical antibiotics. However the extracts was crude extracts, the extracts might have good antibacterial against most of the isolates from museum. Especially, the antifungal activity of Gingko biloba is known previously, the extracts of Gingko biloba leaves has possibility of usage as a good natural material for conservation of remains.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 1998

The strain producing biosurfactant was isolated from soil smples. The isolated strain was identified as the genus Nocardia through its morphological, cultural and physiolgical characteristics. A high concentration of the biosurfactant by Nocardia sp. L-417 was obtained after 4 days of cultivation in the culture medium containing 3% n-hexadecane, 0.1% $NaNO_3$, 0.02% $K_2HOP_4$, 0.01% $H_2PO_4$, 0.01% $MgSO_4$.$7H_2O$, 0.01% $CaCl_2$, 0.02% yeast extract, and 0.02% tryptone. The optimum pH and temperature for biosurfactant production were pH 6.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. Furthermore, most biosurfactans were produced during the exponential growth phase, and this fact indicated that the biosurfactans production was growth-associated. The biosurfactant showed the good emulsification activities on various emulsifying substrates such as bunker A, paraffin, corn oil which are used widely in industries.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2013

Ponciri fructus, the unripe fruits of Poncirus trifoliata, are widely used in oriental traditional medicine as a remedy for inflammation, gastritis, emesis, digestive ulcers, allergy, and dysentery. To study the anti-wrinkle effects of Ponciri fructus extract (PFE) containing flavanone glycosides, PFE was fermented with Ganoderma lucidum mycelia and its biological activities were investigated. In Ponciri fructus extracts fermented with G. lucidum (G-PFE), polyphenol content was $1,021.00{\pm}0.50{\mu}g/mL$ and flavonoid content was $589.41{\pm}0.21{\mu}g/mL$. G-PFE was found to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and superoxide anion radical by a dose dependent manner, respectively. G-PFE showed higher antioxidant activity than that of PFE. In addition, the photoprotective properties of G-PFE was tested in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) exposed to UVA radiation. G-PFE inhibited the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and showed a dose dependent decrease in the expression level of MMP-1. G-PFE also increased collagen biosynthesis in HDF. These results demonstrate that G-PFE could be useful as a potential cosmetic ingredient for anti-wrinkle.