• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2006

Background: Vstibular evoked myogenic potentials(VEMP) have been known to be useful documenting abnormality in patients with various vestibular disorders and brainstem lesions but the studies of VEMP in patients with hemispheric lesions are rare. Methods: We recorded VEMP in 21 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in the supratentorial lesions without evidence of brainstem or vestibular end organ lesions. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging and the main outcome measures of VEMP were recorded in all subjects. We interpreted each parameters of VEMP using our normal laboratory data. Results: VEMP abnormalities(prolonged latency or asymmetry of amplitude) were found in 57%(12/21) of acute infarction patients with supratentorial lesions. Bilateral VEMP abnormalities were found in six patients and unilateral abnormalities were found in another six patients with ipsilateral abnormalities in the three and controlateral abnormalities in the three patients. Conclusions: VEMP abnormalities were found in supratentorial stroke patients in our studies and this findings suggest supranuclear control may affect the generation of VEMP potentials.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 1992

The authors performed a experimental study to evaluate the effects of masticatory muscle fatigue on tooth contact and masticatory muscle activity in 26 normal healthy women. The experimental masticatory muscle fatigue was induced by unilateral biting of 5kg force on mandibular first molar. The results were as follows : 1. The initial symptom related to muscle fatigue pain appeared in 85.19 seconds of isometric contraction and the endurance time of isometric contraction was 203.15 seconds. 2. The pain occurred more frequently in masseter region than in temporal region. In masseter pain the incidence was almost equal between both sides, whereas the temporal pain was more in contralateral side. 3. The spontaneity and the symmetry of tooth contact during maximum clenching were reduced after isometric unilateral biting. 4. After induction of experimental muscle fatigue, the EMG activities of masseter muscles of both sides and ipsilateral temporal muscle showed the tendency of decreasing activities. 5. The asymmetry indicies of masseter and temporal muscles were reduced after isometric bilateral biting.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the uniqueness and reliability of the frontal sinuses by comparing various patterns of frontal sinus as observed on Waters' radiographs for individual identification. Materials and Methods: Three Waters' radiographs of 100 individuals, taken on day one, after 6-8 months, and one radiograph with a slight variation in angulation, to mimic conditions out in the field or during autopsy. Three observers were randomly given radiographs from all there packets for comparisons and identification, by the method of superimposition and individual uniqueness. Results: The comparative identification by superimposition of the frontal sinus was 100% positive. The size, shape, unilateral or bilateral presence, absence, and septa were observed to be unique in each case; neither had the measurements changed over a period of time. Conclusion: The need to establish a reliable, low-cost, and easily reproducible method for human identification prompted the elaboration of technical, precise, and accessible parameters, such as the evaluation of the area, asymmetry, and shape of the frontal sinus. Comparison among each of the frontal sinuses of the 100 people in the sample revealed that no two sinuses are the same, that is, the sinus is unique to each individual.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2023

Purpose: The article aims to assess the possibilities and contribution of countries to the creation and distribution of knowledge circulating in the scientific and technological space of the EAEU. Research design, data, and methodology: To understand the conditions and possibilities for the distribution of knowledge, the methodology of the quality of economic space used. The space is considered through density, placement, connectedness, and asymmetry. Used bibliometric analysis, balance of payments analysis, and integration indicators. Results: The study showed that low barriers, including language, created visible advantages in the mutual distribution of knowledge. However, the geo-technological space of the EAEU is polarised and has differences in the density and distribution of scientific resources. Asymmetries are shown in the distance between countries in multidirectional trends. Cooperation between countries has a different level of interaction. Conclusions: The internal resources of the geo-technological space of the EAEU are limited, and most of the needs are covered by external sources. Some mechanisms of the scientific policy of countries in scientific careers act as «demotivates» for distributing knowledge within the EAEU. Countries need to improve the quality of services and trade data to better understand technology distribution processes through bilateral channels.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회 및 국제 감성공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceeding of the 2000 Spring Conference of KOSES and International Sensibility Ergonomics Symposium
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• pp.113-119
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• 2000

The Pansori is a Korean traditional vocal music that has a unique story and melody which converts deep emotion into art. It has both verbal and emotional components. which can be coordinated by large-scale neural network. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the cortical network activated by a Korean traditional opera, Pansori, with different emotional valence using functional MRI (fMRI).Nine right-handed volunteers participated. Their mean age was 25.3 and the mean modified Edinburgh score was +90.1. Activation tasks were designed for the subjects to passively listen to the two parts of Pansories with sad or hilarious emotional valence. White noise was introduced during the control periods. Imaging was conducted on a 1.5T Siemens Vision Vision scanner. Single-shot echoplanar fMRI scans (TR/TE 3840/40 ms, flip angle 90, FOV 220, 64 x 64 matrix, 6mm thickness) were acquired in 20 contiguous slices. Imaging data were motion-corrected, coregistered, normalized, and smoothed using SPM-96 software.Bilateral posterior temporal regions were activated in both of Pansori tasks, but different asymmetry between the tasks was found. The Pansori with sad emotion showed more activation in the light superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the right superior temporal regions as well as the right inferior frontal and the orbitofrontal areas than in the left side. In the Pansori with hilarious emotion, there was a remarkable activation in the left hemisphere especially at the posterior temporal and the temporooccipital regions as well as in the left inferior and the prefrontal areas. After subtraction between two tasks, the sad Pansori showed more activation in the right temporoparietal and the orbitofrontal areas, in contrast, the one with hilarious emotion showed more activation in the left temporal and the prefrontal areas. These results suggested that different hemispheric asymmetry and cortical areas are subserved for the processing of different emotional valences carried by the Pansories.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop a system for the measurement and simulation of the TMJ movement and to analyze the mandibular movement quantitatively. Materials and Methods : We devised patient-specific splints and a registration body for the TMJ movement tracking. The mandibular movements of the 12 subjects with facial deformity and 3 controls were obtained by using an optical tracking system and the patient-specific splints. The mandibular part was manually segmented from the CT volume data of a patient. Three-dimensional surface models of the maxilla and the mandible were constructed using the segmented data. The continuous movement of the mandible with respect to the maxilla could be simulated by applying the recorded positions sequentially. Trajectories of the selected reference points were calculated during simulation and analyzed. Results : The selected points were the most superior point of bilateral condyle, lower incisor point, and pogonion. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between control group and pre-surgical group in the maximum displacement of left superior condyle, lower incisor, and pogonion in vertical direction. Differences in the maximum lengths of the right and the left condyle were 0.59${\pm}$0.30 mm in pre-surgical group and 2.69${\pm}$2.63 mm in control group, which showed a significant difference (P<0.005). The maximum of differences between lengths of the right and the left calculated during one cycle also showed a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion : Significant differences in mandibular movements between the groups implies that facial deformity have an effect on the movement asymmetry of the mandible. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2008; 38 : 203-8)

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2012

This study aimed to identify the asymmetry observed in the electromyography (EMG) activity patterns of selected trunk and thigh muscles between the affected and unaffected sides during the sit-to-stand movement in ambulatory patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. This study included 20 patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. The differences between stroke fast walkers (${\geq}8m/s$, 11 subjects) and stroke slow walkers (<8 m/s, 9 subjects) were compared. The activation magnitude and onset time of the multifidus, lumbar erector spinae, hamstrings, and quadriceps during the sit-to-stand movement were recorded through surface EMG. Moreover, the EMG activation magnitude and onset time ratios of each bilateral corresponding muscle from the trunk and leg were measured by dividing the relevant values of the unaffected side by those of the affected side. In all the subjects, the activation magnitudes of the multifidus, hamstring, and quadriceps on the affected side significantly decreased compared to those on the unaffected side (p<.05). The onset time of muscle activity in the affected side was markedly delayed for the multifidus and quadriceps during the task (p<.05). The activation magnitude ratios of the quadriceps were markedly decreased in the stroke slow walkers as compared to those in the stroke fast walkers. These findings indicate that the asymmetry in the multifidus, hamstring, and quadriceps muscle activation patterns in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis may be due to the excessive muscle activation in the unaffected side to compensate for the weakened muscle activity in the affected side. Our findings may provide researchers and clinicians with information that can be useful in rehabilitation therapy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate transverse changes of proximal segment after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) using 3-D CT in mandibular prognathism. Patients and methods: Twenty-two patients who underwent BSSRO for mandibular set-back in class III malocclusion without facial asymmetry were examined. Miniplates were used for the fixation after BSSRO. Facial CT was taken before and after BSSRO within 3 months. Frontal-ramal inclination (FRI), inter-gonial width (IGW) and intercondylar width (ICW) were measured in 3-D CT images using V-works $4.0^{TM}$ program. Student t-test was used to compare the changes between pre- and post-operative measurements using SPSS 10.0 program. Results: 1. Mean peroperative FRI value ($12.87{\pm}3.43^{\circ}$) was slightly increased to postoperative value ($14.13{\pm}3.72^{\circ}$) (p < 0.05). The average FRI increased 10.42% and the range was from $-2.46^{\circ}$ to $3.34^{\circ}$. 2. Mean peroperative IGW ($99.01{\pm}5.36$) was slightly decreased to postoperative IGW ($96.51{\pm}5.88mm$) (p < 0.05). The average IGW decreased 2.52 % and the range was from $-6.61^{\circ}$ to 0.91 mm. 3. Mean preoperative ICW ($125.01{\pm}5.30mm$) was slightly decreased to postoperative ICW ($125.40{\pm}5.45mm$) (p < 0.05). There is no significant difference between pre- and post-operative ICW. 4. There was significant correlationship between FRI difference and IGW difference (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that the lower ramus of the proximal segment is moved inward after BSSRO procedure for mandibular set-back.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제38권
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• pp.25.1-25.4
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• 2016

Background: Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) is the most widely used mandibular surgical technique in orthognathic surgery and is easy to relocate the distal segments, accelerating bone repair by the large surface of bone contact. However, it can cause neurosensory dysfunction (NSD) or sensory loss by injury of the inferior alveolar nerve. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate NSD after BSSRO and modifiers at NSD recovery. Methods: In this study, NSD characteristics after BSSRO from 2009 to 2014 at the Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital were evaluated. The pattern of sensory recovery over time was also evaluated based on factors such as field of sensory dysfunction, surgical procedure, presence of pre-operative facial asymmetry, and postoperative medications. Results: Most of the patients had shown NSD immediately after orthognathic surgery. Among the 1192 sides of 596 patients, NSD was observed in 953 sides and 544 patients. Sexual predilection was shown in males (p value = 0.0062). In the asymmetric group of 132 patients, NSD was observed in 128 patients (96.97 %). In the symmetric group of 464 patients, NSD was observed in 416 patients (89.45 %); on the other hand, NSD was observed significantly higher in the asymmetric group (p = 0.025). NSD-associated factors were analyzed, and vitamin B12 may be beneficial for NSD recovery. Conclusions: There was a difference between the symmetric group and the asymmetric group in NSD recovery. Vitamin B12 can be regarded as an effective method to nerve recovery. However, a further prospective study is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2001

To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on vestibular compensation, which is the recovery of vestibular symptoms following unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), intermittent electrical stimulation was applied to the injured vestibular portion in Sprague-Dawley rats. Vestibuloocular and vestibulospinal reflexes, electrical activity and expression of c-Fos protein in medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) were measured with time following UL. Spontaneous nystagmus occurred with frequency of $2.9{\pm}0.2$ beats/sec at 2 hours after UL and disappeared after 72 hours. Electrical stimulation decreased the frequency of nystagmus significantly till 24 hours after UL. Roll head deviation was $107{\pm}9.7^{\circ}$ at 2 hours after UL and the deviation was maintained till 72 hours, but electrical stimulation decreased the deviation significantly 6 hours after UL. Resting activity of type I neurons in ipsilateral MVN to the injured vestibular side decreased significantly compared with control at 6 and 24 hours after UL, but the activity of type I neurons was recovered to control level by electrical stimulation at 24 hours after UL. Gain of type I neurons induced by sinusoidal rotation of 0.1 Hz decreased significantly till 24 hours after UL, but electrical stimulation restored the activity at 24 hours. The gain of type II neurons decreased significantly at 6 hours after UL, but electrical stimulation restored the activity. Expression of c-Fos protein was asymmetric between bilateral MVN till 24 hours after UL, but the asymmetry disappeared by electrical stimulation 6 hours after UL. These results suggest that electrical stimulation to the injured vestibular portion facilitates vestibular compensation following UL by restoration of symmetry of neuronal activity between bilateral vestibular nuclei resulting from increased activity in ipsilateral vestibular nuclei to the injured side.