• Title/Summary/Keyword: benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Integrated Factor Analysis of the Influences on the Development of Gynecomastia (여성형유방증 발생에 영향을 미치는 통합적 요인분석)

  • Ki-Hyun Kim;Sung-Hee Yang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.275-282
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    • 2024
  • This study analyzed the factors that influence the development of gynecomastia by comparing blood test results and lifestyle between patients diagnosed with gynecomastia and normal control group. Independent sample t-test and chi-square tests were conducted to examine the mean differences among risk factors, and logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the relative risk ratio of various predictors influencing the development of gynecomastia. Age, HGB, HCT, TC, glucose, ALT, alcohol consumption, hair loss medication and medication for benign prostatic hyperplasia were identified as significant variables. Notably, the use of hair loss medication showed the highest univariate odds ratio of 15.79, while HGB decreased by a factor of 0.37. These results suggest that these could play a significant role in the onset of gynecomastia and could serve as foundational data for future diagnosis and management of the condition.

Agaricus blazei Mycelial Liquid Culture Extract Containing Eritadenine Improves Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-related Biochemical Markers in RWPE-1 Cells through Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Actions (RWPE-1 전립선세포에서 eritadenine을 함유한 신령버섯균사체 액체배양물의 항염증효과 및 항산화효과에 의한 전립선비대증 관련 biochemical marker 개선 효과)

  • Ha, Yeong Lae;Moon, Yun-Gu;Kim, Na-Hyun;Heo, Jeong Doo;Cho, Min Jung;Kim, Ye Ra;Kim, Young Suk;Kim, Jeong OK
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.10
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    • pp.1147-1155
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    • 2018
  • Agaricus blazei mycelial liquid culture extract (ABMLCE) promoted the production of testosterone (TS) in TM-3 mouse Leydig testis cells. Now, we report that ABMLCE containing eritadenine (EA) as a minor constituent (15.3 mg/100 g) reduced $5{\alpha}-reductase$ 2 ($5{\alpha}-R2$) enzyme activity and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) content which are key constituents for the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) inductions. RWPE-1 prostate cells were grown in a Keratinocyte serum-free medium (K-SFM) containing ABMLCE (0~50 ppm), EA (0~10 ppm,), and finasteride (FS $10{\mu}M$: a positive control) in a 24-well plate for 24 hr. Supernatants collected from cell-cultured media were used for the assay of $5{\alpha}-R2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme activities, and for TS, DHT, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) and $interleukin-1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$) contents by their assay kits. The $5{\alpha}-R2$ activity and DHT content were proportionally reduced (p<0.05) to concentrations of ABMLCE. The SOD and CAT enzyme activities were significantly (p<0.05) elevated concomitant with ABMLCE concentrations, while COX-2, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IL-1{\beta}$ showed reverse results (p<0.05). Similarly, the effects of EA were similar to those of ABMLCE. Efficacies of ABMLCE 50 ppm and EA 10 ppm in $5{\alpha}-R2$ and DHT reduction were similar to those of $10{\mu}M$ FS. These results suggest that ABMLCE and EA reduced $5{\alpha}-R2$ and DHT through their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative actions. This implies that ABMLCE containing EA could be a beneficial material in the cure of BPH in humans.

Effects of the Symptoms, Anxiety, and Depression on the Quality of Sleep of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Patients (전립선비대증 환자의 증상, 불안 및 우울이 수면의 질에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Na-Rae;Kim, Kyung-Hee;Kwak, Yeun-Hee;Kim, Yoon-Jung
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.338-349
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study was done to examine the relationship of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) symptoms, anxiety, and depression, and to identify factors influencing quality of sleep in patients with BPH. Methods: 86 BPH patients were the subjects of this study. The collected data was analyzed into descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The quality of sleep of the BPH patients had negative correlations with BPH symptoms, anxiety, and depression. The significant factors influencing quality of sleep were house income, anxiety, explained 43.2% of the variance. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a nursing intervention that manages anxiety decrease of the BPH patients.

Expression and Purification of Recombinant Active Prostate-Specific Antigen from Escherichia coli

  • Jeong, Su-Jin;Lee, Seong-Wook
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.840-846
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    • 2007
  • Human prostate-specific antigen(PSA), a 33 kDa serine protease with comprehensive homology to glandular kallikrein, is secreted from prostatic tissue into the seminal fluid and enters into the circulation. The level of PSA increases in the serum of patients with prostatic cancer and hence is widely employed as a marker of the disease status. In particular, an enzymatically active PSA that is a form cleaved at the N-terminal seven-amino-acids prosequence, APLILSR, of proPSA may play an important roll in the progression of prostate cancer. Thus, the presence of the active form would selectively discriminate the cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this study, we developed a convenient purification method for the acquisition of active PSA and proPSA. Recombinant proPSA and active PSA were expressed directly in Escherichia coli, easily and efficiently isolated from inclusion bodies, refolded, and purified. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of the recombinant active PSA was confirmed as serine protease using chromogenic chymotrypsin substrate. This purified active PSA could be further applied to scrutinize the biological or conformational characteristics of the protein and to develop specific diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents against prostate cancer.

Corni Fructus attenuates testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia by suppressing 5α-reductase and androgen receptor expression in rats

  • Hwangbo, Hyun;Kwon, Da He;Choi, Eun Ok;Kim, Min Yeong;Ahn, Kyu Im;Ji, Seon Yeong;Kim, Jong Sik;Kim, Kyung-Il;Park, No-Jin;Kim, Bum Hoi;Kim, Gi-Young;Hong, Su-Hyun;Park, Cheol;Jeong, Ji-Suk;Choi, Yung Hyun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.378-386
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    • 2018
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a major cause of abnormal overgrowth of the prostate mainly in the elderly. Corni Fructus has been reported to be effective in the prevention and treatment of various diseases because of its strong antioxidant effect, but its efficacy against BPH is not yet known. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Corni Fructus water extract (CF) in testosterone-induced BPH rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: To induce BPH, rats were intraperitoneal injected with testosterone propionate (TP). Rats in the treatment group were orally administered with CF with TP injection, and finasteride, which is a selective inhibitor of $5{\alpha}$-reductase type 2, was used as a positive control. RESULTS: Our results showed that the increased prostate weight and histopathological changes in BPH model rats were suppressed by CF treatment. CF, similar to the finasteride-treated group, decreased the levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone by TP treatment in the serum, and it also reduced $5{\alpha}$-reductase expression and concentration in prostate tissue and serum, respectively. In addition, CF significantly blocked the expression of the androgen receptor (AR), AR co-activators, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in BPH rats, and this blocking was associated with a decrease in prostate-specific antigen levels in serum and prostate tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CF may weaken the BPH status through the inactivation of at least $5{\alpha}$-reductase and AR activity and may be useful for the clinical treatment of BPH.

Inhibitory Effect of Curcuma longa L. Extracts on 5-Alpha Reductase II Activity (울금 추출물의 5-Alpha Reductase II 활성 저해 효과)

  • Kim, Jong Yeon;Lee, Jeong Yoon;Yoon, Ho-Geun;Kim, Yungjae;Jun, Woojin;Hwang, Kwon Tack;Cha, Min Seok;Lee, Yoo-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.318-322
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    • 2014
  • 5-Alpha reductase II, which converts testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), is a crucial enzyme II in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Inhibitory effects of Curcuma longa L. (CL) extracts on 5-alpha reductase II activity were investigated in rat prostate tissue homogenates as well as LNCaP cells expressing human 5-alpha reductase II. Hot water extract (CL-HW) of Curcuma longa L. significantly inhibited 5-alpha reductase activity by over 80% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$, whereas 20% ethanol extracts (CL-E20) of Curcuma longa L. exhibited significant inhibitory activity from $50{\mu}g/mL$. These results indicated that Curcuma longa L is a potent 5-alpha reductase II inhibitor for benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment.

Effects of Corni Fructus on Testosterone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Sprague Dawley Rats (Sprague Dawley 흰쥐에서 테스토스테론에 의하여 유발된 전립선 비대증에 미치는 산수유 추출물의 영향)

  • Kwon, Da He;Hwangbo, Hyun;Choi, Eun Ok;Kim, Min Yeong;Ji, Seon Yeong;Kim, Kyung-Il;Park, No-Jin;Kim, Sung Ok;Hong, Su-Hyun;Park, Cheo;Hwang, Hye-Jin;Jeong, Ji-Suk;Choi, Yung Hyun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.12
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    • pp.1507-1515
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    • 2018
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is characterized by prostatic hypertrophy mainly in the elderly. Corni Fructus is reportedly effective in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, but its efficacy on BPH has not been previously studied. In the present study, we investigated whether or not a Corni Fructus water extract (CF) could prevent testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats. To induce BPH, castrated rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate (TP). CF was administered daily by oral gavage, along with the TP injections, and finasteride, a selective inhibitor of $5{\alpha}$-reductase type 2, was used as a positive control. The results show that CF significantly reduces prostate weight and histopathologic changes while also decreasing levels of serum dihydrotestosterone, similar to the finasteride-treated group. CF also suppresses TP-induced $5{\alpha}$-reductase expression and concentration in prostate tissue and serum, respectively. Furthermore, CF markedly inhibited TP-induced expression of the androgen receptor (AR) and the steroid receptor coactivator 1, an AR coactivator, which was associated with a decrease in prostate-specific antigen levels in both serum and prostate tissue. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that CF weakens BPH status by inactivation of $5{\alpha}$-reductase and AR.

Effects of Natural Product on the Inhibition of $5{\alpha}-Reductase$ Type 2 for the Development of Chemopreventive Agents in LNCaP Cells

  • Lee, Sung-Jin;Kim, Kyeong-Ho;Cho, Myung-Haing;Lee, Sang-Kook;Mar, Woong-Chon
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.97-103
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    • 1999
  • The enzyme steroid $5{\alpha}-reductase$ is responsible for the conversion of testosterone into the most potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In man, this steroid acts on a variety of androgen-responsive target tissues to mediate such diverse endocrine processes as male sexual differentiation in the fetus and prostatic growth in men. Androgen levels in the prostate may influence carcinogenesis in this organ. The use of a $5{\alpha}-reductase$ inhibitor, finasteride, in the chemoprevention of prostate cancer is being evaluated in a clinical trial and have been used successfully for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Therefore, for the discovery of $5{\alpha}-reductase$ type 2 inhibitors, we have evaluated the inhibitory effects of solvent fractionated extracts of natural products on $5{\alpha}-reductase$ type 2 activity. We have tested approximately 80 kinds of natural products after partition into n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous layers from 100% methanol extracts of plants. The ethyl acetate fractions of Perilla sikokiana $(seed,\;IC_{50}\;:\;6.2\;ug/ml)$, Sophora flavescens $(root,\;IC_{50}\;:\;8.9\;ug/ml)$, and Angelica tenuissima $(root,\;IC_{50}\;:\;11.7\;ug/ml)$ revealed inhibitory effects on $5{\alpha}-reductase$ 2 activity in LNCaP cells. The effective ethyl acetate fractions of Perilla sikokiana, Sophora flavescens, Hydnocarpus anthelmintica, and Angelica tenuissima were subfractionated by column chromatography and tested. The subfractions $F4\;(IC_{50}\;:\;1.1\;ug/ml),\;F5\;(IC_{50}\;:\;2.0\;ug/ml),\;and\;F6\;(IC_{50}\;:\;5.8\;ug/ml)$ of the ethyl acetate fraction of Perilla sikokiana and the subfraction $F8\;(IC_{50}\;:\;5.3\;ug/ml)$ of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sophora flavescens displayed greater inhibition of $5{\alpha}-reductase$ type 2 than did finasteride in LNCaP cells. These active fractions are under the process of further sequential fractionation to find the effective pure compounds against $5{\alpha}-reductase$ 2 activity.

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Predictive Value of the Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio in Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

  • Yuksel, Ozgur Haki;Urkmez, Ahmet;Akan, Serkan;Yldirim, Caglar;Verit, Ayhan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.15
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    • pp.6407-6412
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: To predict prostatic carcinoma using a logistic regression model on prebiopsy peripheral blood samples. Materials and Methods: Data of a total of 873 patients who consulted Urology Outpatient Clinics of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital between February 2008 and April 2014 scheduled for prostate biopsy were screened retrospectively. PSA levels, prostate volumes, prebiopsy whole blood cell counts, neutrophil and platelet counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), biopsy results and Gleason scores in patients who had established diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) were evaluated. Results: This study was performed on a total of 873 cases, with an age range 48-76 years, divided into three groups as for biopsy results. with diagnoses of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n=304, 34.8 %), PCa (n=265, 30.4 %) and histological prostatitis (n=304; 34.8 %). Intra- and intergroup comparative evaluations were performed. White blood cell and neutrophil counts in the histological prostatitis group were significantly higher than those of the BPH and PCa groups (p=0.001; p=0.004; p<0.01). A statistically significant intergroup difference was found for PLR (p=0.041; p<0.05) but not lymphocyte count (p>0.05). According to pairwise comparisons, PLR were significantly higher in the PCa group relative to BPH group (p=0.018, p<0.05, respectively). Though not statistically significant, higher PLR in cases with PCa in comparison with the prostatitis group was remarkable (p=0.067, and p>0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Meta-analyses showed that in patients with PSA levels over 4 ng/ml, positive predictive value of PSA is only 25 percent. Therefore, novel markers which can both detect clinically significant prostate cancer, and also prevent unnecessary biopsies are needed. Relevant to this issue in addition to PSA density, velocity, and PCA3, various markers have been analyzed. In the present study, PLR were found to be the additional predictor of prostatic carcinoma.

Signaling Role of Adipocyte Leptin in Prostate Cell Proliferation Induced by Trichomonas vaginalis

  • Kim, Jung-Hyun;Han, Ik-Hwan;Shin, Su-Jin;Park, Sung-Yul;Chung, Hyo-Yeoung;Ryu, Jae-Sook
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.59 no.3
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    • pp.235-249
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    • 2021
  • Leptin is a type of adipokine mainly produced by adipocytes and reported to be overproduced in prostate cancer. However, it is not known whether it stimulates the proliferation of prostate cells. In this study, we investigated whether benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cells (BPH-1 cells) infected with Trichomonas vaginalis induced the proliferation of prostate cells via a leptin signaling pathway. To investigate the effect of crosstalk between adipocyte leptin and inflamed epithelial cell in proliferation of prostate cells, adipocytes 3T3-L1 cells were incubated in conditioned medium of BPH-1 cells infected with T. vaginalis (T. vaginalis-conditioned medium, TCM), and then the adipocyte-conditioned medium (ATCM) was identified to cause proliferation of prostate cells. BPH-1 cells incubated with live T. vaginalis released pro-inflammatory cytokines, and conditioned medium of these cells caused migration of adipocytes. When prostate stromal cells and BPH-1 cells were incubated with adipocyte conditioned medium containing leptin, their growth rates increased as did expression of the leptin receptor (known as OBR) and signaling molecules such as JAK2/STAT3, Notch and survivin. Moreover, blocking the OBR reduced this proliferation and the expression of leptin signaling molecules in response to ATCM. In conclusion, our findings show that inflamed BPH-1 cells infected with T. vaginalis induce the proliferation of prostate cells through leptin-OBR signaling. Therefore, it is likely that T. vaginalis contributes to prostate enlargement in BPH via adipocyte leptin released as a result of inflammation of the prostate.