• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.5
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• pp.1103-1123
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• 2021

The uterus can be largely divided into the uterine corpus and uterine cervix. Diseases that can occur in the uterine corpus, composed of the endometrium and myometrium, vary from benign to malignant tumors. Ultrasound and CT are the primary non-invasive evaluation methods to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors, but in some cases, they are difficult to differentiate due to their non-specific imaging findings. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has high resolution, helps not only in locating lesions but also in evaluating histological characteristics and staging of malignant tumors. In this review article, the characteristic MRI findings that radiologists should be aware of regarding various benign and malignant tumors detected in the uterine corpus are summarized with their points of differentiation.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was designed to provide the data base for the diagnosis and treatment of the foot tumor by investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics and distribution of the foot tumor. Materials and Methods: 142 foot tumors of 141 patients were studied. All patients were diagnosed with surgical biopsy. We investigated clinical and pathological characteristics and epidemiologic distribution of the foot tumor by reviewing the medical records and imaging materials. The location of the tumors were classified with zone of Kirby et al. Results: 75 patients were female and 66 were male. The average age of the patients was 33.2 years old. Benign soft tissue tumors were the most as 68 cases, and followed by 57 benign bone tumors, 12 malignant soft tissue tumors and 5 malignant bone tumors. Ganglia were the most in benign soft tissue tumors as 36 cases, subungual exostoses in benign bone tumors as 18, squamous cell carcinomas in malignant soft tissue tumors as 7, and metastatic lung cancers in malignant bone tumors as 2. The rate of pain complaints was the highest in malignant bone tumors, the duration of symptom was longest in benign soft tissue tumors, and the size of the tumor was the biggest in malignant bone tumors. Neurological symptoms were found in only 3 benign soft tissue tumors. For the zonal distribution, zone 5 was the most in 59 cases and zone 4 was the least as 10. The most numbers of the benign bone tumors located in zone 5, of benign soft tissue tumors in zone 1, of malignant bone tumors in zone 1 and 2, and of malignant soft tissue tumors in zone 5. The methods of surgical treatment included intralesional or marginal resection, curettage with or without bone graft, toe amputation, below knee amputation and limb salvage. Conclusion: The tumors of the foot were rare and various, and mostly benign (88%), but we can do proper treatment of those tumors without excluding malignant tumors by considering the age of patients, pain, duration of symptom, size of the tumors, and zonal distribution.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2017

Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML) is defined as metastasis of a leiomyoma to lung tissue. It was first reported in 193 7. PBML is known as a benign disease, but can undergo malignant transformation. Only 1 case of the malignant transformation of PBML to leiomyosarcoma has been reported previously. In this report, we present a case of malignant transformation of PBML.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6881-6885
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• 2014

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the utility and importance of the various parameters of complete blood count panel for benign-malignant differentiation of adnexal masses. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 316 patients with documented benign and 253 patients with malignant adnexal masses who underwent primary surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center. Prior to the study, all benign and malignant cases were compared within their own groups and then the benign and malignant cases were compared to each other. For all cases, cut-off, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet and CA-125 parameters, and the results were compared in regards to the groups. Results: NLR, PLR, neutrophil, CA-125, and platelet values were higher in the malignant compared to the benign cases (p<0.01). The lymphocyte value was lower in the malignant cases (p<0.01). No significant differences were found for basophils and eosinophils (p > 0.05). For CA-125, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for all cases were 78%, 62%, 62% and 78%, respectively. For NLR, they were 65.6%, 72.1%, 65.3%, and 72.3%, and for PLR, 48%, 81%, 67%, and 66%. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity were 55% and 77% for CA-125, 66% and 58% for NLR, and 61% and 58% for PLR in early malignant cases. Conclusions: NLR and PLR appear to be useful methods that can be applied together with CA-125 due to the relatively high sensitivity values for the malign-benign differentiation of ovarian masses. Although the specificity of these parameters is lower than CA-125, especially in cases with early malignant ovarian pathology, their sensitivity being higher is promising for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. It can be used to detect ovarian malignancies in the early stages, and it will increase the treatment options and improve survival rates.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

This study has evaluated whether the method of using the combination of different risk group, according to K-TIRADS classification and K-TIRADS classification in thyroid ultrasonography is useful in a differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules. The subject was patients underwent thyroid ultrasonography and retrospective analysis were performed based on the results of fine needle aspiration cytology. A chi-square test was performed for the difference analysis of the score system in K-TIRADS and different risk group according to the benign and malignant of thyroid nodule. The optimized cut off value was determined by the K-TIRADS score and different risk group to predict malignant nodule through ROC curve analysis. In the differential verification result of K-TIRADS and different risk group, according to the classification of benign and malignant nodule group each showed significant difference statistically(p=.001). In the point classification according to K-TIRADS for the prediction of benign and malignant in ROC curve analysis showed AUC 0.786, Cut-off value>2(p=.001), and in the different risk group, it was decided as AUC 0.640, Cut-off value>2(p=.001). When discovering the nodule in thyroid ultrasound, it is considered that the K-TIRADAS which helps in identifying benign and malignant thyroid nodules, it is considered to be helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, than the classification system according to Different risk group, and when applying the classification system according to K-TIRADS, it is considered that it can reduce unnecessary fine needle aspiration cytology and could be helpful in finding the malignant nodules early.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4175-4179
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• 2014

Aims: To delineate the histopathological pattern of prostate diseases and to highlight age variations in prostate specific antigen (PSA) values and histopathological features. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was made of all prostate biopsy reports seen between January 2006 and December 2013 at the King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Prostate lesions were tabulated and classified into benign and malignant groups. Histological scoring of adenocarcinomas was accomplished using the Gleason system. PSA values were correlated with Gleason scores. Results: Of 417 prostate lesions reviewed, 343 (82.3%) were benign and 74 (17.7%) were malignant, giving a benign to malignant ratio of 4.6:1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (both with and without inflammation) was the commonest prostatic lesion and accounted for 80.3% of all cases and 97.6% of all benign cases. The age range was 20 to 97 years with a mean of 69.2 years and a peak age group at 70-79 years. Seventy one cases of adenocarcinoma accounted for 95.9% of the total of 74 malignant tumors. It showed an age range of 44 to 95 years, a mean age of 70.9 years and peak prevalence in the 80-89 year age group. Gleason score seven was the most frequent (39.4%) in occurrence. Most adenocarcinomas, 41 cases (57.7%), were moderately differentiated (Gleason score of 5-7). PSA values ranged widely between 16-1,865ng/ml with a mean of 363.4ng/ml. Elevated PSA (>100ng/ml) levels were found in 53 (81.6%) patients. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum PSA level and Gleason score (p=0.0304). Conclusions: Prostatic lesions constitute a significant source of morbidity among adult males in Madinah. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest benign prostatic lesion and adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological subtype of prostatic cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3979-3985
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• 2013

Background: Although primary malignant CNS tumors are registered in the national cancer registry (NCR) of Iran, there are no available data on the incidence of the primary malignant or benign CNS tumors and their common histopathologies in the country. This study analyzed the 10-year data of the Iranian NCR from March 21, 2000 to March 20, 2010, including a systematic review. Materials and Methods: The international and national scientific databases were searched using the search keywords CNS, tumor, malignancy, brain, spine, neoplasm and Iran. Results: Of the 1,086 primary results, 9 papers were selected and reviewed, along with analysis of 10-year NCR data. The results showed that primary malignant brain tumors have an overall incidence of 2.74 per 100,000 person-years. The analysis of the papers revealed a benign to malignant ratio of 1.07. The most common histopathologies are meningioma, astrocytoma, glioblastoma and ependymoma. These tumors are more common in men (M/F=1.48). Primary malignant spinal cord tumors constitute 7.1% of the primary malignant CNS tumors with incidence of 0.21/100,000. Conclusions: This study shows that CNS tumors in Iran are in compliance with the pattern of CNS tumors in developing countries. The NCR must include benign lesions to understand the definitive epidemiology of primary CNS tumors in Iran.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.196-200
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• 2000

Objectives: Submandibular gland tumors is rare. The aim of this study is to get a clinical feature of submandibular gland tumors and to apply a treatment of submandibular gland tumors of future patients. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the 18 patients with submandibular gland tumors who were treated surgically at Presbyterian Medical Center(PMC), during the period of 8 years from 1992 to 1999. Analysis was performed regarding the incidence, classification, surgical treatment, surgical complication, recurrence and prognosis. Result : 1) Male to female sex ratio was 1:1.25, the most prevalent age group was the 5th decade. 2) Benign tumors were 12 cases(66.7%) and malignant tumors were 6 cases(33.3%). 3) Histopathologically, the most common benign submandibular gland tumor was pleomorphic adenoma, and the most malignant submandibular gland tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma. 4) In pleomorphic adenoma, excision of submandibular gland was performed in all case(8case). In malignant tumors, excision and supraomohyoid node dissection was performed in 3cases, and modified-radical neck dissection(RND) was performed in 2cases, and than standard RND was performed in 1case. 5) In the malignant tumor, we choose a radiation therapy as adjuvant therapy. 6) In a surgical complication of submandibular gland tumor, we had a facial nerve injury(1case). 7) Recurrence rate of submandibular gland tumor was 22.2%, and than all case were malignant tumor. Overall 5-year survival rate of submandibular gland cancer was 50%. Conclusion: In above results, postoperative recurrence rate is low in benign, but high in malignant tumor of submandibular gland. Surgical procedure should not be aggressive in benign tumor, but should be aggressive in malignant tumor of submandibular gland and an adjuvant radiation therapy should be considered.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.353-353
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• 1997

Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rare condition. Most follow a benign course and they are round as an incidental finding during routine chest X-ray. A small proportion of these tumors are malignant and have characteristic clinical and histopathological features. In this paper, we report three cases of localized fibrous tumors of the pleura, one malignant associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, the others benign. In a malignant case, the tumor was reseated through thoracotomy and the hypoglycemia was relieved immediately. In two benign cases, tumors on small pedicles were resected using video-assisted thoracic surgical technique.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.253.2-356
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• 1997

Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rare condition. Most follow a benign course and they are round as an incidental finding during routine chest X-ray. A small proportion of these tumors are malignant and have characteristic clinical and histopathological features. In this paper, we report three cases of localized fibrous tumors of the pleura, one malignant associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, the others benign. In a malignant case, the tumor was reseated through thoracotomy and the hypoglycemia was relieved immediately. In two benign cases, tumors on small pedicles were resected using video-assisted thoracic surgical technique.