• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2000

Environmental pressures from such sources an economic condition, the government and inter-institutional competition create managerial challenges. Economic pressures may be forcing dietetic dept, in hospital to utilize cost∙benefit analysis to assist them in their problem solving. Cost∙benefit analysis have been widely used in business, industry and many other fields with only limited application to foodservice. Due to the lack or this information the purposes of this study were to identify use of cost∙benefit analysis in hospital foodservice system to evaluate the economic efficiency of alternatives, and to make recommendation for operation system change. Using the cost∙benefit method, cash flows are separated into cost and benefits. For an alternative to be selected, indicators, such as NPV, benefit-cost ratio (B/C ratio) with 5% discount rate per annum. The sensitivity analysis was also conducted with difference rate 3%, 7% respectively and reduced employee payroll change. The result of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The total cost of investment for operation system change was 390,570 thousand won and the total benefit through operation system change was 865,808 thousand won. 2. Net present value(NPV) for 5 years was 475,239 thousand won and benefit-cost ratio was 2.22. 3. In sensitivity analysis with different discount rate 3%, 7%, benefit-cost ratio was 2.25, 2.18 respectively, with total reduced employee payroll change, benefit-cost ratio was 2.86. In conclusion, total benefits were exceeded total costs. Therefore, the project of operation system change in hospital foodservice was found to be economically efficient.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of hydropower factors (watershed, gross head), operation ratio and unit electricity cost on the benefit-cost ratio (B/C ratio) of small hydropower using agricultural reservoirs. The equation of B/C ratio was expressed as a function of watershed area, gross head, operation ratio and unit electricity cost. The benefit increased with watershed area, gross head and unit electricity cost, while the cost increased with watershed area and gross head but decreased with operation ratio. The B/C ratio increased with watershed area, gross head, operation ratio and unit electricity cost. While the effect of gross head on the B/C ratio decreased with watershed area, the effect of operation ratio and unit electricity cost on the B/C ratio increased with watershed area. The operation ratio is an important factor to affect the B/C ratio and therefore we need to develop hydropower for the heightened dams to expect high operation ratio due to continuous water release. The unit electricity cost is also an important factor to affect the B/C ratio and the B/C ratio was always below 1 unless unit electricity cost is over 60 Won/kWh under given conditions. The reservoirs with economic feasibility for small hydropower development were three in 21 when the equation of B/C ratio was appled to the study reservoirs. The results can be used to choose the appropriate reservoir with economic feasibility for development of small hydropower.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3 s.110
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• pp.84-93
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic feasibility of the construction of a new ecological park, based on the case of a plan in Yeongcheon City. For fulfilling the purpose of this study, questionnaire survey was conducted in Yeongcheon City. Based on the survey data, cost-benefit analysis is conducted. For this study, costs and benefits of the project are estimated. Then, using NPV, IRR, and B/C ratio criteria, cost-benefit analysis for this study is conducted. from the empirical cost-benefit analysis, NPV of the proposed project is estimated at 5,420 million Won, IRR is estimated at 12.16%, and B/C ratio is estimated at 1.44. Thus, it is found that the construction of a new ecological park in this area would be feasible from the economic point of view.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 2014

This study performed a benefit cost analysis of an automatic eggshell crack detection system. Based on various cost benefit analysis methods, including the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit cost ratio (B/C Ratio), the automatic eggshell crack detection system was confirmed to have economic validity. The NPVs were 175,035,645 won at a 5% discount rate and 129,082,393 won at a 10% discount rate. Plus, the IRRs were 0.686 at a 5% discount rate and 0.660 at a 10% discount rate. Finally, the B/C ratios were 1.981 at a 5% discount rate and 1.900 at a 10% discount rate.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 2012

This paper was conducted to study the economic valuation for Nursery-Phase production of the tidal flat oyster in Korea. Benefit-cost(B/C) model used to indicate the effects of economic valuation. Using discounting rates(i.e., 4.5%, 6.5% and 8.5%), the model compared revenues and costs that occur at different times from 2012 to 2018. This study also estimated various submodels, which are Benefit Cost Ratio(B/C ratio), Net Present Value(NPV), Internal Ration of Return(IRR), to compare profit of Nursery-Phase production styles and analyzed returns to evaluate the scenarios. Sensitivity analysis were conducted for various scenarios. The results suggest as follows. First, the oyster spat to the shell height of 3~5cm was more profit than the shell height of 1~3cm. Second, all of sensitivity analysis with submodels were economic valuation such that B/C ratio > 1, NPV > 0 and IRR > discounting rate. Third, the payback period was about 3years after installed Nursery-Phase production system.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.407-413
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• 2006

Railways are very important to get stability of railway structure as transportation system carrying a lot of passengers and freight. These days the construction of underground railway crossing such as expansion of new roads, construction of subway and gas pipe is increasing because of economic and social development. But these kinds of construction didn't take into account Cost-benefit analysis of railway which has the most important aspects of railway safety, so the results of construction didn't get a good evaluation. This study adapt Cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the economic validity of underground railway crossing. This study adjust about Cost-benefit analysis of railway part, and analyze the new method and technology of underground railway crossing constructed by Korean National Railroad and Railway Network Authority. Also this study divide between high frequency line and low frequency lineusing B/C, NPV, and IRR analysis. After analysis, B/C ratio method is the most suitable method among B/C, NPV, and IRR analysis method. Therefore this study can express economic benefit quantitatively and decrease the cost by adapting Cost-benefit analysis, and can clearly express the construction feasibility and investment effects of construction of underground railway crossing method.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to seek AEI(Air Environmental Indices), PSI(Pollutant Standard Index) and the urban air quality control goal(the best available alternative energy program) by assessing the best ratio of energy types used in urban enterprises, based on harmful health effect and air quality standard and costs. This study is focused on an urban area(Puchun), where area sourcees are associated with heavy traffic, large population, and its industrial sources with large emissions. In the first step, air modeling, estimation of AEI and PSI, and benefit-cost analysis were carried out. In the second step, we assessed that 660 scenarios about the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprises with regard to air quality and cost. In the third step, the best available alternative energy program was selected for the ratio of energy species(B-C oil, light oil and LNG) by using the lexicographic method. From the emission analysis, main source of $NO_2$ is identified as industries and air quality is evaluated according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprise. The modeling data of TSP, $SO_2$, $NO_2$, CO, $O_3$, by ISC3 and PBM are respectively $118{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.027ppm, 0.025ppm, 2.0ppm, 0.55ppm in indurstrial area. That data are close to Environmental Air Quality Standard. By means of sensitivity analysis, we obtained the difference in concentration between the areas(Nae-dong, Joong-dong) according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in the industries. From the result of alternatives assessment the lowest AEI value and cost, the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG are 2.5%, 20%, 77.5%, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2014

Since the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) would be started in 2012, the use of renewable energy should be 11% of total energy use including bio-fuel in 2030. The economic efficiency for renewable energy in B power plant was considered with the bio-diesel, wind power and solar power. The Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit/Cost Ratio(BC) were used for the economic efficiency with the cost and benefit analysis. In case of bio-diesel, the cost resulted from the fuel conversion and the benefit would be created with trade and environmental improvement. With regard to wind power and solar power, the construction cost would be required and benefit factors would be same as the bio-diesel. The wind power was the best of economic efficiency of renewable energy as the results of NPV and BC ratio. Whereas, the market of wind power was very popular and the techniques of wind power has been developing rapidly.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2012

A climate change by increase of greenhouse gas is coming to the front by a large issue, and oxy-combustion demonstration project is coming to the attention to one plans for the reduction of carbon dioxide in power generation sector that used a fossil energy in points of time. This paper estimates benefit of electric generation, benefit of greenhouse gas reduction, benefit of environmental pollutant decreasing and domestic and foreign market value-added benefit caused by oxy-combustion demonstration project. Furthermore, this paper attempts to cost-benefit analysis, using NPV, B/C ratio, IRR techniques for oxy-combustion demonstration project. The results indicate that NPV is 681,620million KRW, B/C ratio 1.69 and IRR 21.4%. Accordingly, oxy-combustion demonstration project ensures economic feasibility that the three indicators have exceeded 0, 1.0 and 5.5%. Moreover, uses of the result is useful for the reduction of carbon dioxide in thermal power generation sector of policy decision.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2013

This paper analyzed that the economic effectiveness of the artificial fish reef project in the Tae-an Marine Ranching. Benefit-cost(B/C) model used to indicate the effects of economic valuation. B/C model is based on the sub-models which are Benefit Cost Ratio(BCR), Net Present Value(NPV) and Internal Ration of Return(IRR). First, the Sum of Incremental Benefit and Cost for total vessel by year in Artificial Fish Reef Area(AFRA) estimated 2,381 million won. And then, using 5.5% discounting rates and the survey data, the sub-models showed economically feasible in the all of analysis and analyzed the results as follows. BCR is 2.66, NPV is 28,014million won, and IRR is 22.78%. In conclusion, these results indicated that the artificial fish reef project in Tae-an Marine Ranching would be increase the income of fishermen as well as fish biomass.