• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2018

멜리틴은 봉독의 주요 성분 중 하나로 항염증과 항암활성 효과를 가지고 있다. 우리는 폐암세포에서 멜리틴이 EMT 억제를 통해 암세포 이동과 침투를 억제하는 사실을 확인하였다. 멜리틴은 EGF로 유도된 폐암 세포 이동과 침투를 억제하였을 뿐만 아니라 EMT와 관련된 단백질인 이카드헤린의 발현을 증가시켰으며, 바이멘틴과 피브로넥틴 발현은 감소시켰다. 또한 멜리틴에 의한 EMT조절 전사인자인 ZEB2, Slug, Snail의 발현을 확인한 결과 멜리틴 처리에 의해 농도의존적으로 발현이 감소하였다. 또한 작용 메커니즘을 확인하기 위해 mTOR와 FAK 메커니즘을 확인한 실험에서 EGF 처리에 의해 증가한 AKT, mTOR, p70S6K, 4EBP1의 인산화가 멜리틴 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. 그러나 FAK는 EGF에 의해 변화가 없었으며, EKR, JNK 메커니즘은 EGF 처리에 의해 인산화가 증가하였으나 멜리틴 처리에 의해 아무런 영향을 받지 않았다. 그러므로, 폐암세포의 세포 이동과 침투에 대한 멜리틴의 억제효과는 AKT/mTOR/P70S6K/4EBP1 기전 억제를 통해 EMT를 억제하여 세포 이동과 침투를 억제하는 것으로 보인다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.851-864
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• 2019

Multiple system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease that causes diverse bodily dysfunctions (cerebellar, pyramidal, automatic, and urological, in any combination), as well as Parkinsonism. Patients with multiple system atrophy commonly display antecollis, a condition where the patient's head tilts forward more than 45 degrees. Despite its common occurrence in these patients, no current standardized therapies are effective for treating antecollis. In this study, Korean medicinal treatments, including Chuna manual therapy, pharmaco-acupuncture, bee venom acupuncture, acupuncture, herbal medicine, and moxibustion therapy, were administered to the patient over a 27-day period. After the treatment, assessments of the head position on the EPIS-PD scale (Part I) and at a standing position from the side (Part II) both revealed improvements. As the head flexion angle decreased, the patient's head posture improved, as determined by a decrease in angle from 80 degrees to 30 degrees in the upright, standing position. As a result, patients who previously were unable to walk without the support of walking frames could now roam freely and independently, with significant increases in both walking speed and distance. In essence, this study suggests that Korean medicine is an effective treatment for patients with multiple system atrophy who suffer from antecollis and gait disorders.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.16-31
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of clinical practice for gout in Korean Medicine (KM). Methods : On-line survey was adopted for this study, targeted at KM Doctors who were registered in the Association of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire included the general status of treatment, pattern identification and treatment method according to three stages given: acute, chronic and asymptomatic hyperuricemia stage. Results : Data from a total of 384 respondents was analyzed. Participants who responded most were in their 40s, working in KM clinics located in Seoul. Acupuncture and herbal medicines were the top priority treatments in preparing recommendations in clinical practice guidelines for gout, and where clinical trials were considered essential. As of the past year, the average number of first visits per month was 86.7%, and the average treatment duration was less than 1 month, accounting for 72.9%. As for the diagnostic method used for gout patients, the "diagnosed by clinical pattern" response was the highest, and the "blood and urine test" response was the highest as the diagnostic equipment used. As for the evaluation scale being used, the "VAS/NRS" response was the highest. Regardless of the gout stage, acupuncture was the most commonly used treatment method for gout patients, and bee venom pharmacopuncture was the highest for the pharmacopuncture used. In the case of herbal medicine, it was found that a wider variety of herbal medication uninsured in health insurance and herbal prescription were used for the staged treatment of gout than herbal medication in national health insurance coverage. In clinical practice, "acupuncture treatment three times a week" was the most common, and the "acupoints in the limb" were the most frequently used; LR3 and SP3 were the most frequently used acupoints. Conclusions : It is suggested that this survey should be helpful to develop clinical practice guideline for gout that reflects actual clinical practice.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.125-144
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• 2023

Objectives This study aimed to investigate domestic clinical research trends in Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, identify diseases managed using Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, and suggest the direction for future studies to increase its clinical utilization. Methods This study used five steps proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA-extension for scoping reviews checklist. We examined published literature on Shinbaro pharmacopuncture studies reported until June 5, 2023, in the following eight databases (Research Information Sharing Service, Science ON, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, KMBASE, The Society of Internal Korean Medicine, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). The search terms used were 'Shinbaro' or 'Sinbaro'. Results A total of 47 studies were included in our analysis. Of these, 37 (78.7%) were interference time series studies. Shinbaro pharmacopuncture was the most frequently used treatment for lumbosacral disease (n=15). In the facial area, ST4 and ST6 were used in five out of six studies, and in the shoulder area, TE14 and LI15 were used in all studies. Nine of the 15 studies in the lumbosacral area used the EX-B2. The other parts mostly used the pressure points. Compared to other pharmacopuncture methods, the treatment effect was similar to that of bee venom, and faster than that of jungsongouhyul. Conclusions This is the first scoping review of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture therapy in South Korea. Studies with a high level of evidence based on sole treatment, large capacities, and standardization of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture need to be conducted to increase its clinical utilization.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.125-156
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• 2009

Objectives : To research the trend of studies related to rheumatoid arthritis and to indicate the hereafter direction for its study in oriental medicine and its treatment. Methods : I reviewed 75 domestic oriental medical journals, and 50 medical journals about rheumatoid arthritis published after 2004, and comparative analysis was made. And these theses were classified by college, year, field of study, subject. Results : The following are the results of this study. 1. Classified by oriental medical college, Dae-jeon college published the most theses, followed by Dong-guk, Kyung-hee, Se-myung and Dong-shin college. Han-yang college published the most theses among college of medicine. 2. Classified by type of thesis, experimental theses(70 pieces, 94%) showed higher rate than that of clinical theses(4 pieces, 5%) in oriental medical studies. However, in medical studies, clinical theses(34 pieces, 68%) showed higher rate than that of experimental theses(15 pieces, 30%). 3. Analyzed by subject, the most dealt subject in oriental medicine was herb medication, followed by herbal acupuncture, single herb, electroacupuncture, sasang & gene, acupuncture & moxibustion, complex accordingly. The most dealt subject in medical clinical journals was standards of diagnosis & prognosis, followed by medication, gene analysis, pathogenesis, clinical pattern, operative treatment and complication accordingly. 4. In theses related to herb medication, most of the subject was to evaluate anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of herb medication with geopungseup, jibitong, hwalhyeolgeoer function. The tendency of experimental methods was focusing on understanding anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms through molecular biologic methods by analyzing cytokine and gene. 5. Most of theses related to herbal acupuncture were experimental studies verifying ant-inflammatory and immnoregulatory effects through methods observing change of cytokine and immunoregulatory factors. Regarding remedies for herbal acupuncture, Ulmus davidiana Planch was most preferred, followed by bee venom. 6. In theses related to single herb, Boik-yak was most prefered, followed by Geopungseup-yak and Hwalhyeolgeoer-yak. Regarding methods of research, there were tendency of shifting from methods verifying travail, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects through a test of behavior, morphometry, serology and temperature measurement of the rectum and the skin into verifying anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects through observing inflammatory cytokine in the joint and cells of spleen. 7. In theses related to electroacupuncture, ST36 and adjuvant were most preferred as acupoints and induced factor. The tendency of experimental methods was turning from verifying mechanism of travail effect to analyzing inflammation and pain inducing factors. 8. Diverse medical clinical studies were published. Subjects such as diagnosis and prognosis, medication, gene analysis, clinical pattern, operational treatment, complication and pathogenesis were published. Especially, studies about standards of early diagnosis, and research on possible parallel medications with methotrexate were actively inquired. 9. Most of theses related to medical experimental studies was about mediators and receptors related to inflammatory induction and osteoclasia mechanism. Also, it was presented blockage of them can be effective on rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusions : The oriental medicine studies have merit in its diversity of treatment, but it clinical studies is lacking compared to experimental studies. Also, more diversity of subjects is necessary. Therefore, complementary measures are needed. Hereafter, oriental medicine research about rheumatoid arthritis needs more clinical research verifying the effectiveness and safety in clinical field. Also, we require oriental medical standard of diagnosis and researches on pathological generation which would make early checkup and prognosis possible.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.225-228
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• 2007

개 추간판 디스크 2 증례(症例)를 대상으로 봉독약침 및 봉독약침과 한약제로 각각 치료하였다. 증례(症例) 1은 흉-요추부 추간판탈출증(T11-T12, T12-T13, L3-L4 및 L4-L5)으로 진단(診斷)된 증례이었으며. 증례 2는 흉추부 추간판탈출증(T10-T11 및 T12-T13)으로 진단(診斷)된 증례이었다. 이들 증례에 대하여 봉독약침(0.1 ml/혈위, 총$200{\mu}g$)을 실시(實施)하였으며, 운동요법과 수영요법도 병용하였다. 봉독약침에 사용한 혈위는 GV20-Bai Hui, GB30-Huan Tiao, ST36-Zu San Li, GB34-Yang Ling Quan, ST40-Feng Long, ST41-Jie Xi 및 BL40-Wei Zhong, 병변부 및 압통점이었다. 또한 증례 2에 대하여는 봉독약침과 더불어 Zheng Gu Zi Jin Dan(정골자금단(正骨紫金丹) : 1 g), Shiuh Duann(속단(續斷) .0.2 g), Du Zhong(두중(杜仲) : 0.2 g), Mo Yao(몰약(沒藥 : 0.2 g), Ru Xiang(유향(乳香) : 0.2 g) 및 Pyrite(자연동(自然銅) : 0.2 g)를 각각 총 9일간 경구투여(2회/1일)하였다. 증례 1은 총 4주간 11회 치료, 증례(症例) 2는 총 2주간 6회 치료 후 각각 보행이 가능하였다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.377-393
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• 1996

요통(腰痛)은 다른 어느 질병(疾病)보다도 많은 사람이 경험(經驗)을 하였던 질환(疾患)중의 하나로써 요통(腰痛)의 治療法(치료법)에는 전통적으로 침요법(鍼療法), 구요법(灸療法), 한약요법(韓藥療法)이 주(主)가 되어 왔으며, 최근에는 물리치료(物理治療), 약침요법(藥鍼療法), 추나요법(推拏療法) 등이 쓰이고 있다. 여기서는 1994년 9월 14일부터 1996년 5월 25일까지 "우리한의원"에서 고통(顧痛)으로 진료 받은 73명의 환자들을 중심으로 이름, 성별, 나이, 발병원인, 주증(主證), X-ray, CT, MRI 등의 소견, IRCT(InfraRed Computer Thermography) 소견(所見), 체질(體質), 사상처방(四象處方), 약침요법(樂鍼療法), 치료기간(治療期間), 경과(經過) 등을 분석(分析)하고 이것을 바탕으로 기존의 증치의학(證治醫學)과는 다른 사상의학적(四象醫學的)인 방법으로 요통(腰痛)을 접근하는 방법을 알아보고자 하였으며 아울러 X-ray, CT, MRI 등의 소견(所見)과 한의학적(韓醫學的)으로 이용할 수 있는 적외선체열진단(赤外線體熱診斷)과 비교하여 보며, 또 악침(樂鍼)에서의 사상의학적(四象醫學的)인 접근 방법도 알아보았다. 조사방법(調査方法)은 체질별(體質別) 분포, 사상처방(四象處方)의 사용, 치료경과(治療經過), 치료기간(治療期間)을 중심으로 하였으며, 체질(體質) 감별(鑑別)의 방법은 체형기상(體形氣像), 용모사기(容貌詞氣), 성질재간(性質材幹), 체질증(體質證), 체질병증(體質病證), 음식물의 반응 등을 중심으로 하여 임상적인 감별을 하였고, X-ray는 추나요법(推拿療法)을 위하여 Open mouth, C-spine AP&Lat, TH-spine AP&Lat, L-spine AP&Lat을 의뢰하였으며, 적외선체열진단(赤外線體熱診斷)은 피판(皮板)(Dermatomes)을 중심으로하여 각각의 디스크가 피판(皮板)에 미치는 부분을 관찰하여 양쪽의 체열(體熱)의 차이가 섭씨 1도 이상 차이가 나는 것으로 진단을 하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전체 환자 73명중 태음인(太陰人)이 47명(66.4%)으로 가장 많았고 다음은 소음인(少陰人)이 16명(21.9%)이었고, 소양인(少陽人)은 10명(13.7%)으로 가장 적었으며 이것은 동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)에서의 태음인(太陰人) 오천인(五千人), 소양인(少陽人) 사천인(三千人), 소음인(少陰人) 이천인(二千人), 태양인(太陽人)은 드물다는 구성 비율과는 달리 소양인(少陽人)과 소음인(少陰人)의 구성 비율이 바뀌었으며, 전체적으로는 소양인(少陽人)이 적게 나오고 태음인(太陰人)이 많이 나왔음을 알 수 있다. 2. 각 체질별(體質別) 치료의 경과에 대한 만족도는 전체적으로 60.3%였으며 태음인(太陰人)에서 만족도(66.0%)가 높았고 소음인(少陰人)에서 만족도(56.3%)가 가장 낮았으며 소양인(少陽人)의 만족도 (60%)는 평균과 비슷하였다. 3. 각 체질별(體質別) 치료에 만족하는 환자(患者)에게 보인 사상처방(四象處方)을 분석하여 보면 소양인(少陽人)에 있어서는 표병약형방지황탕(表病藥荊防地黃湯)과 리병약(裡病藥)인 육미지황탕(六味地黃湯)이 고르게 썼으며, 소음인(少陰人)은 리병약(裡病藥)인 십이미관중탕(十二味寬中湯)이 가장 많이 쓰였으며, 태음인(太陰人)은 리병약(裡病藥)인 청심연자탕(淸心蓮子湯), 청폐사간탕(淸肺瀉肝湯), 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯)이 많이 쓰였음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 소음인(少陰人)과 태음인(太陰人)은 리병약(裡病藥)이 치료 경과가 좋았으며 소양인(少陽人)은 표병약(表病藥)과 리병약(裡病藥)에서 고르게 쓰였음을 알 수 있다. 4. 치료에 만족하는 환자의 평균 치료기간은 약 6주였으며, 각 체질별(體質別)로는 소양인(少陽人)에서 4.2주로 가장 낮았고, 다음은 태음인(太陰人)이 5.7주 였으며, 소음인(少陰人)에서 6.8주로 가장 오래 걸림을 알 수 있다. 5. 사상의학(四象醫學)적인 요통(腰痛)의 치료방법은 외상성에 의한 요통(腰痛) 따른 치료와 그 외의 체질적(體質的) 소인에 따라 소음인(少陰人)의 표병(表病)온 승양익기(升陽益氣)를 하고, 리병(裡病)은 이음강기(裡陰降氣)를 하며, 소양인(少陽人)의 표병(表病)은 표음강기(表陰降氣)를 하고, 리병(裡病)은 청양상승(淸陽上升)을 시키며, 태음인(太陰人)의 표병(表病)은 폐양승기(肺陽升氣)시키고 리병(裡病)은 청간조열(淸肝操熱)을 하며, 태양인(太陽人)은 보간생음(補肝生陰)의 치법(治法)을을 쓸 수 있다. 6. 사상처방(四象處方)외의 방법으로 약침요법(藥鍼療法)은 체질적(體質的)으로 적용하는 방법은 약침(藥鍼)의 선별 방법과 약침(藥鍼)을 치료하는 부위의 선별방법으로 나눌 수 있다. 약침(藥鍼)의 선별에서 소음인(少陰人)은 蜂藥鍼(B.V.)을, 소양인(少陽人)은 홍화(紅花)(H.O)를 태음인(太陰人)은 호도(胡挑)(I), 웅담(熊膽), 우황(牛黃), 사향(麝香)(V,O.K.) 등을 써 볼 수 있고, 팔망약침법(八網樂鍼法)도 기존에 쓰는 체질별(體質別) 사상처방(四象處方)을 그대로 약침(藥鍼)으로 만들어 쓸 수 있다. 약침(藥鍼)을 치료하는 부위의 선별방법은 사상의학(四象意學)의 체질증(體質證), 체질병증(體質病證)을 충분히 응용할 수 있는 태극침법(太極鍼法)의 혈위(穴位)와 사초부위(四焦部位)에 따라 생리(生理), 병리(病理)를 적용시켜 쓰는 방법올 활용하여 볼 수 있다.