• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2012

이산화탄소($CO_2$)를 폐기물에 안정하게 고정화시키기 위하여 탄산화 가능한 알칼리 토금속인 Ca와 Mg 성분을 다량 포함한 석탄재에 CO2를 저장하여 건자재의 제조 가능성을 연구하였다. 초기 실험으로는 Ca 산화물과 수화물을 사용하였으며, $CO_2$ 저장 반응기로는 Autoclave를 사용하여 일정한 압력과 온도에서 조성을 변화시켜 탄산화를 시행하였다. 탄산화 된 시편의 무게변화율, X-선 회절분석 및 시차열분석을 통하여 관찰한 결과 $Ca^{2+}$의 이온용출 반응에 의해 탄산화가 진행되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 10 $kgf/cm^2$의 압력과 $120^{\circ}C$에서 10분간 온도를 유지한 분위기에서 폐기물자원 원료에 15 % 이상의 탄산화율을 얻는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.412-420
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• 2016

Effect of $H_2S$ on reactivity of oxygen carrier was measured and discussed using fluidized bed reactor and SDN70 oxygen carrier. We could get 100% of fuel conversion and $CO_2$ selectivity even though $H_2S$ containing simulated syngas was used as fuel for reduction. Absorbed sulfur was released during oxidation and $N_2$ purge step after oxidation as $SO_2$ form. We could get 100% of fuel conversion and $CO_2$ selectivity during cyclic reduction-oxidation tests up to 10th cycle. However, only 6~7% of sulfur can be removed during oxidation and $N_2$ purge step and 93~94% of sulfur was accumulated in the oxygen carrier. Therefore we could conclude that total removal of sulfur was not possible. $SO_2$ emission during oxidation decreased as the number of cycle increased. Therefore we could expect that the reactivity of oxygen carrier will be decreased with time.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2009

Purpose: Finger injury by green onion cutting machine is one of the common hand injuries in the kitchen. It has a unique feature: there are multiple parellel laceration 3 - 5 mm wide. There are two directions of injuries(vertical, oblique). It may involve bone, tendon, nerve, and vessel injuries. We discuss its management and the long - term progress. Methods: We have treated six patients from 2003 to 2007. We carried out low tension approximation with thin suture materials to avoid ischemia and performed the additional operation as nail bed repair, tenorrhaphy, open reduction, vessel anastomosis, and composite graft. We reviewed the record of initial injury and collected the follow - up record. Results: They were all middle aged - women who had worked in the kitchen. Right hand was dominent over left hand. The ratio of the directions was 3 : 3 (vertical : oblique). They were all competely healed although there were three atrophy, four hyperesthesia, and one nail deformity. Conclusion: Finger injury by green onion cutting machine is a unique pattern of laceration with various accompanied injuries. It may look like a severe form of injury, but in most cases have relatively favorable progress. We have to perform careful examination of accompanied injuries and carry out the proper management. First and foremost, the user especially in the middle aged women should be warned to be careful in handling this risky machine.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.512-518
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• 2008

고정원에서 발생되는 질소산화물을 $V/TiO_2$ 촉매하에서 암모니아를 이용하여 질소로 제거하는 선택적 촉매 환원법에 대하여 연구하였다. 이러한 SCR 공정은 촉매의 성능이 전체 공정의 성능을 좌우한다. 본 연구에서는 $V/TiO_2$ 촉매들의 저온 및 고온에서의 SCR 반응 특성을 조사하고 촉매상에서의 암모니아 거동을 통한 반응물의 흡 탈착 특성을 파악하였다. 실험은 고정층 반응기에서 수행하였으며, 촉매는 7종의 $TiO_2$에 동일한 양의 바나듐을 담지하였다. 실험결과 각각의 $TiO_2$와 바나듐간의 상호작용에 의해 비화학양론적인 바나듐 산화물들이 다르게 생성되기 때문에 $TiO_2$에 따라 다양한 반응활성을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 각 촉매에 대하여 각각 최적의 소성온도가 존재하였으며 촉매의 활성도 각각 다르게 나타났다. 또한 촉매의 $NH_3-TPD$ 실험 결과 SCR 활성과 흡착된 $NH_3$의 양과는 직접적으로 일치하지 않았다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2018

순환유동층 보일러애시(CFBC ash)는 매년 발생량이 증가하고 있으며, 대부분 활용성이 제한되어 매립, 폐기되고 있는 실정이다. 순환유동층 보일러애시의 화학조성 주성분은 $SiO_2$, CaO, $CaSO_4$로써, 물과 반응하여 시멘트와 유사한 자기수경성을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 순환유동층 보일러애시의 자기수경성을 활용하여, 폴리머 혼입 보수 모르타르를 개발하기 위한 최적배합을 도출하고자 하였다. 폴리머 혼입 보수 보르타르 개발을 위해 순차적으로 3 Case의 배합을 설정하고 기초 물성을 확인하였다. 그 결과, 순환유동층 보일러애시에 실리카흄 10% 혼입과 폴리머 1.0% 혼입, 팽창재 3.5% 혼입에서 최적의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2009

To reduce the building energy consumption, the major advanced nations are conducting actively many researches on so called a "self-sufficient building(or other words zero energy building)" which can support its required energy by itself. Given this background, KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research) built full size test-bed of the zero energy solar house in early 2001, and has studied on the self-sufficient heating load up to now. We analyse the sensitivity between the heating load and the solar radiation gain according to the change the effective transmittance of windows. The authors classified 9 cases by solar transmittance of glass. The results demonstrate the solar radiation amount is 0.466 MWh from the eastern zone of Fl.,1(the first floor), 0.332 MWh from Fl.,2(the second floor), 1.194 MWh form the southern zone of F1., and 0.822 MWh from the southern zone of Fl.,2 on the case 1(each cases are classified by window types). On the case 9, the solar radiation amount is 3.127 MWh, 2.662 MWh, 8.799 MWh and 6.078 MWh from the same condition. For the Fl.,1, the amount of Heat Load that is saved per year ranged 10.5 to 48%, and the reduction was anywhere from 0.2 to 17.9% for Fl.,2.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.41-41
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• 2018

There has been an impetus in the development of biocontrol agents (BCAs) with the removal of a number of chemical compounds in the market, especially in the European Union. This has been a major driver in the development of Integrated Pest Management systems (IPM) for both pest and disease control. For control of mycotoxigenic fungi, there is interest in both control of colonization and more importantly toxin contamination of staple food commodities. Thus the relative inoculum potential of biocontrol agent vs the toxigenic specie sis important. The major bottlenecks in the production and development of formulations of biocontrol agents are the resilience of the strains, inoculum quality and formulation with effective field efficacy. It was recently been shown for mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, under extreme climate change conditions, growth is not affected although there may be a stimulation of aflatoxin production. Thus, the development of resilient biocontrol strains which can may have conserved control efficacy but have the necessary resilience becomes critical form a food security point of view. Indeed, under predicted climate change scenarios the diversity of pests and fungal diseases are expected to have profound impacts on food security. Thus, when examining the identification of potential biocontrol strains, production and formulation it is critical that the resilience to CC environmental factors are included and quantified. The problems in relation to the physiological competence and the relative humidity range over which efficacy can occur, especially pre-harvest may be increase under climate change conditions. We have examined the efficacy of atoxigenic strains of A. flavus and Clanostachys rosea and other candidates for control of A. flavus and aflatoxin contamination of maize, and for Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin toxin control. We have also examined the potential use of fluidized-bed drying, nanoparticles/nanospheres and encapsulation approaches to enhance the potential for the production of resilient biocontrol formulations. The objective being the delivery of biocontrol efficacy under extreme interacting climatic conditions. The potential impact of climate change factors on the efficacy of biocontrol of fungal diseases and mycotoxins are discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.279-285
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• 1995

Extradural block is a form of treatment described as early as the beginning of the present centuries. It has since had positive criticism from a number of authors in different countries. Epidural injections of steroids with or without local anesthetic have become an occasional method of conservative treatment in sciatica & lumbago, especially in acute case. We assess the results of continuous epidural block with steroids and local anesthetics in sciatica & lumbago. From July 1994 to June 1995, we treated 46 case of lumbago and sciatica using continuous epidural block with steroids and local anesthetics. After placement of 17-Gauge Tuohy needle in the epidural space by the technique of loss of resistance, 0.25% bupivacaine 5 cc and triamcinolone 40 mg was administered and then epidural catheter was placed and connected to multiday infusor(Paragon) using 1% lidocaine with continuous infusion rate of 1 ml/hour. Usually, the catheter was removed after 1~2 weeks and then treated with the physical therapy. At the time of patient's discharge, 69.5% of all cases showed excellent or good results. Of particular note, 26 of the 46 cases were followed up by telephone. At present, in using Of particular note, 26 of the 46 cases were followed up by telephone. At present, in using continuous epidural block procedure, a relief in symptoms showed in 65.5% of these 26 cases. Continuous epidural block provides shortening of the recovery time from pain, avoidance of long period bed rest and early physical therapy and exercise. Therefore, continuous epidural block is simple and safe in the treatment of lumbago and sciatica, especially in acute phase.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.8-8
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• 2018

Muscle atrophy, known as a sarcopenia, is defined as a loss of muscle mass resulting from a reduction in muscle fiber area or density due to a decrease in muscle protein synthesis and an increase in protein breakdown. Many conditions are associated with muscle atrophy, such as aging, denervation, disuse, starvation, severe injury and inflammation, prolonged bed rest, glucocorticoid treatment, sepsis, cancer, and other cachectic diseases. On the other hand, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease and is wide spread in the elderly population and is characterized by erosion of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. The cytokine network plays an important role in the development and progression of OA with the inflammatory cytokine. Schisandrae Fructus (SF) derived from the ripe fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Magnoliaceae) has been extensively used in traditional herbal medicines in Asia. It was originally used as a tonic and has been traditionally used for the treatment of many uncomfortable symptoms, such as cough, dyspnea, dysentery, insomnia, and amnesia for a long time. Previous reports have shown that SF and its related compounds possess various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-microbial, antiseptic, anti-aging, hepatoprotective and immunostimulating effects. However, the therapeutic effects of SF on muscle atrophy and OA has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether extracts of SF, the dried fruit of S. chinensis, mitigates the development of muscle atrophy and OA.