• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

In order to achieve the desired lightweight and robust design of a structure, it is preferable to design a structure and its control system, simultaneously, which is termed the combined optimal design. A constant-cross-sectional area cantilever beam was chosen as the optimum design method, An initial load and a time-varying disturbance were applied at the free end of the beam. Sliding mode control was selected, due to its insensitivity to the disturbance, compared with other modes. It is known that the sliding mode control is robust to the disturbance and is uncertain, only if a matching condition is met, after giving a switching hyper plane. In this study, the optimum method was used for the design of the switching hyper plane, and the objective function of the optimum switching hyper plane was assumed to be the objective of the control system. The total weight of the structure was treated as a constraint, and the cross sectional areas of the beam were considered as design variables, the result being a nonlinear programming problem. To solve it, the sequential linear programming method was applied. As a result of the optimum design, the effect of attenuating vibrations has been substantially improved. Moreover, the lightweight design of the structure became possible as a result of the relationship of the weight of the structure to the control objective function.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1217-1238
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• 2016

Mega composite structure systems have been widely used in high rise buildings in China. Compared to other structures, this type of composite structure systems has a larger cross-section with less weight. Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) laced column to box-beam connections are gaining popularity, in particular for the mega composite structure system in high rise buildings. To enable a better understanding of the destruction characteristics and aseismic performance of these connections, three different connection types of specimens including single-limb bracing, cross bracing and diaphragms for core area of connections were tested under low cyclic and reciprocating loading. Hysteresis curves and skeleton curves were obtained from cyclic loading tests under axial loading. Based on these tested curves, a new trilinear hysteretic restoring force model considering rigidity degradation is proposed for CFST laced column to box-beam connections in a mega composite structure system, including a trilinear skeleton model based on calculation, law of stiffness degradation and hysteresis rules. The trilinear hysteretic restoring force model is compared with the experimental results. The experimental data shows that the new hysteretic restoring force model tallies with the test curves well and can be referenced for elastic-plastic seismic analysis of CFST laced column to composite box-beam connection in a mega composite structure system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.4773-4779
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• 2012

본 논문은 지능형 또는 스마트 안테나 시스템에 사용 할 수 있는 두 종류의 3-D 빔 조향 재구성 안테나를 제안하였다. 제안된 두 안테나는 삼각형(구조1.) 및 원형(구조２.)의 루프 구조와 구부러진 다이폴 안테나의 결합형 구조를 갖는다. 제안된 안테나는 하나의 안테나 소자로 4개의 스위치 동작에 따라 xy-평면으로 3개의 빔 State (0, 1, 2) 뿐만 아니라 xz-평면으로 3개의 빔 State (3, 4, 5) 도합 6개의 방향으로 빔 조향이 가능하다. 안테나 구조1.은 급전부를 기준으로 대칭인 평형구조이며, 그라운드가 없기 때문에 다이폴 안테나와 유사한 이득을 가진다. 또한, 구조2.는 반원형태의 CPWG급전 그라운드(반사판)를 이용하여 지향성이 향상된 불 평형 구조를 갖는다. 동작 주파수는 2.5 GHz (구조1.), 2.55 GHz (구조2.)이며, 최대이득은 1.04 ~ 2,06 dBi (구조1.:전방향성 빔), 1.6 ~ 4 dBi (구조2.:지향성빔) 이다. 또한 xy-평면과 xz-평면 각각의 전체 반 전력빔폭(HPBW)은 구조1.에서 $160^{\circ}$ 이상 그리고 구조2.에서 $125^{\circ}$ 이상의 넓은 빔 폭을 갖는다.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권30호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2000

N-IR spectroscopy technology is very useful. And, the technology has wide application range. In the range, we know that single beam type silica analyzer has some handicap. So we were studied Splitted beam type silica analyzer. This dissertation have been discuss about system structure, system fundamentals and performance test. At the test, we were study in the spectral interference of NH3. We know that existing system had some problem. It is structural frailties of single beam type. Therefore we were study for Splitted beam type structure. And we obtain a good result. We have $\pm$5% accuracy and 0.5 ppb level measuring range. But, we have a question. It is ppt level measuring technology by the laser beam spectroscopy.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.3-10
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• 2000

In this study, a new smart beam finite element is proposed for the finite element modeling of the beam-type smart structure with bonded plate-type piezoelectric sensors and actuators. Constitutive equations far the direct piezoelectric effect and converse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials are considered. By using the variational principle, the equations of motion for the smart beam finite element are derived. The presented 2-node beam finite element is isoparametric element based on Timoshenko beam theory. The validity of the proposed beam element is shown through comparing the analysis results of the verification examples with those of other previous researches. Therefore, by analyzing smart structures with smart beam finite elements, it is possible to simulate the control of the structural behavior by piezoelectric actuators with applied voltages and the monitoring of the structure behavior by piezoelectric sensors with sensed voltages.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제91권6호
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• pp.591-606
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• 2024

This article proposes a new methodology for identifying beam damage based on changes in modal parameters using the Double Stage Extended Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (DSEIPSO) technique. A finite element code is first developed in MATLAB to model an ideal beam structure based on classical beam theory. An experimental study is then performed on a laboratory-scale beam, and the modal parameters are extracted. An improved version of the PSO algorithm is employed to update the finite element model based on the experimental measurements, representing the real structure and forming the baseline model for all further damage detection. Subsequently, structural damages are introduced in the experimental beam. The DSEIPSO algorithm is then utilized to optimize the objective function, formulated using the obtained mode shapes and the natural frequencies from the damaged and undamaged beams to identify the exact location and extent of the damage. Experimentally obtained resultsfrom a simple cantilever beam are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The illustrated results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for structural damage detection in the SHM field.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2002

Dissolved silica is one of fatal components at a boiler facility Therefore, a dissolved silica measurement system should be equipped for managing efficiently the boiler facility. Most of silica measurement systems are composed of a sensor module of single-beam type structure, and silica density is measured with a infrared spectrometry using the Lambert-beer method. However, such a system occurs measuring error of large range and inconsistency of a light source, because of measuring a standard sample and a measuring sample alternatively. This paper introduces a method that the sensor module has a split-beam type structure and a tungsten lamp. The proposed system can measure silica density quickly and precisely more than those composing of a single-beam type structure, because of measuring and comparing with two samples at a same time. And examination results are shown to compare efficiencies of the system and existing commercial products, and for an ammonia influence.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2002

Recently, mechanical systems such as a high-speed vehicles and railway trains moving on flexible beam structures have become a very important issue to consider. Using the general approach proposed in the first part of this paper, it is possible to predict motion of the constrained mechanical system and the elastic structure, with various kinds of foundation supporting conditions. Combined differential-algebraic equation of motion derived from both multibody dynamics theory and finite element method can be analyzed numerically using a generalized coordinate partitioning algorithm. To verify the validity of this approach, results from the simply supported elastic beam subjected to a moving load are compared with the exact solution from a reference. Finally, parametric study is conducted for a moving vehicle model on a simply supported 3-span bridge.

• 소음진동
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.537-542
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• 1995

In this paper the method of modeling and optimization for the joint of the vehicle structure is proposed. First it is described that the method of substituting equivalent beam elements to spring elements for the joint. The stiffnesses of the spring elementsare calculated using the section properties of equivalent beam elements. To get required dynamic characteristics section properties of equivalent beam element are set to design variables and optimized. The study shows that joint stiffnesses can be effectively determined in designing vehicle structure.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.403-414
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• 2018

In this paper, the lateral-torsional buckling of axially-transversally functionally graded tapered beam is investigated. The structure cross-section is assumed to be symmetric I-section, and it is continuously laterally supported by torsional springs through the length. In addition, the height of cross-section varies linearly throughout the length of structure. The proposed formulation is obtained for the case that the elastic and shear modulus change as a power function along the beam length and section height. This structure carries two concentrated moments at the ends. In this study, the lateral displacement and twisting angle relation of the beam are defined by sinusoidal series. After establishing the eigenvalue equation of unknown constants, the beam critical bending moment is found. To validate the accuracy and correctness of results, several numerical examples are solved.