• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 2007

Statement of problem: Implant-type distractor uses a removable distraction device that has an appearance similar to that of a dental implant and utilizes many of the same techniques for placement as are used for dental implants. Material and method: In this study, 48 implant type titanium distractors were inserted into the osteotomized alveolar bone of 12 beagle dogs. After a 7-day latency period, the alveolar bone was augmented by 5mm vertically at a rate of 1.0 mm/day. The dogs were sacrificed after 4weeks, 8weeks and 12 weeks for radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analysis. Result: Copper equivalent value showed significant difference between 4 weeks and the other weeks(8, 12 weeks)(p<0.05). But there was no significant difference between maxillary and mandibular groups. In the bone to metal contact analysis, there was a significant difference between 4 weeks and 12 weeks(p<0.05). On the contrary, there was no significant difference between maxilla and mandible. The bone area showed significantly higher values in 12 weeks compared to 4 weeks(p<0.05). Histologically mineralization began at the host bone margins. At 12 weeks, increasing accumulation of $Ca^{++}$ element was confirmed. Conclusion: From the results above, the new bone formation was increased according to consolidation period. Especially there was significant difference between 4 weeks and 12 weeks(p<0.05). Implant type distractors used in this study to augment vertical ridge defect may prove to be a clinically useful treatment option in selected cases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to compare the non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of H. felis with HpSA kit-based detection method and H. felis-specific PCR assay with dog's stool samples without sacrifice. Male Beagle dogs (n=6) were infected with H. felis ATCC 49179 ($1.0{\times}10^9CFU/dog$) by intra-gastric inoculation two times at 3-day intervals, and the stool specimens of dogs were collected 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 days after infection to submit to HpSA test and H. felis-specific PCR. As the results, the sensitivity of the HpSA and the PCR analysis was 50.0%, 83.3% respectively. Although HpSA test is less sensitive, it could be used for rapid, cheap and easy screening assay for H. felis infection in dog and cats. We suggest that the H. pylori stool antigen kit, HpSA, is useful and effective for monitoring H. felis infection. If HpSA test would be made with H. felis antibodies in the future, its sensitivity could be increased. Also, PCR assay could be successfully used to detect the H. felis in stools. Applying the H. pylori stool antigen kit and PCR assay may be the recommended non-invasive strategy to identify H. felis in dog and cats.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.363-369
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to establish an experiment animal model for easy diagnosis and monitoring effect of treatment of cholelithiasis by cholesterol and mixed gall stone. In 12 adult beagle dogs, five dogs there were in the control group and seven dogs in the experiment group with ligated cystic duct. General clinical signs were recorded, CBC and blood chemistry were examined. Control group and experiment group were evaluated every 2 weeks for a period of 20 weeks. The results were (1) Total blirubin, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity were significantly higher in the experiment group with ligated cystic duct than control group during 2-8 weeks. (2) Total alkaline phosphatase (TALP) activity was significantly higher when compare with control group during 2-8 weeks. Bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) activity was increased slightly between 2 and 8 weeks but was decreased between 10 and 20 weeks. (3) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was decreased between 2 and 8 weeks. After 10 weeks, this was in normal range. (4) On complate blood count (CBC), $Ca^{2+}$ and P were not changed until 20 weeks. (5) On clinical signs in experimental group, they observed a depression, yellow color of mucus membrane and conjunctiva, xanthinuria and xanthochromic. The present study showed that the experimental animal model with ligated cystic duct was a useful model to study biliary tract disease.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.195-210
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of combination of rhBMP-4 and chitosan, which have osteoinductive capacity, on the regeneration of bone defects in dogs. Three beagle dogs aged over one and half years and weighed about 15Kg were used in this study. Three round defects were made by trephine bur in each side of mandibles. Each defect was filled with collagen, chitosan, rhBMP-4/chitosan. The dogs were sacrificed at 1, 3 or 8 weeks postsurgery and the results were evaluated histologically. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The sign of new bone formation, rearrangement of osteoblasts was revealed adjacent of preexisted bone or around graft materials such as chitosan. 2. The descending order of groups in bone regeneration speed was the rhBMP-4/chitosan group, chitosan group, collagen group. In the combination group, new bone was regenerated more and in better quality than others. 3. The regeneration of bone was observed in the rhBMP-4/chitosan group in 3 weeks after surgery. In 8 weeks after surgery, bone regeneration was observed in all three groups, and new bone at 8th week was denser in the chitosan and rhBMP-4/chitosan group than collagen group. In conclusion, rhBMP-4 and chitosan can be applied in the bone regeneration procedures usefully. It is considered that chitosan can be a splint for the maintenance of the defect form and produce much better effect when used with good grafting material or bone morphogenetic protein.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.458-465
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to characterize canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BM) for use in research on the applications of stem cells in canine models of development, physiology, and disease. BM was harvested antemortem by aspiration from the greater tubercle of the humerus of 30 normal beagle dogs. Canine BM-derived MSCs were isolated according to methods developed for other species and were characterized based on their morphology, growth traits, cell-surface antigen profiles, differentiation repertoire, immunocytochemistry results, and neurotrophic factor expression in vitro. The canine MSCs exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology with a polygonal or spindle-shaped appearance and long processes; further, their cell-surface antigen profiles were similar to those of their counterparts in other species such as rodents and humans. The canine MSCs could differentiate into osteocytes and neurons on incubation with appropriate induction media. RT-PCR analysis revealed that these cells expressed NGF, bFGF, SDF-1, and VEGF. This study demonstrated that isolating canine MSCs from BM, stem-cell technology can be applied to a large variety of organ dysfunctions caused by degenerative diseases and injuries in dogs. Furthermore, our results indicated that canine MSCs constitutively secrete endogenous factors that enhance neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Therefore, these cells are potentially useful for treating dogs affected with various neurodegenerative diseases and spinal-cord injuries.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 2023

The change in the position of the abdominal organs due to movement by respiration is one of the reasons behind inaccurate irradiation of organs during radiotherapy (RT). Although studies in human medicine have revealed on the respiratory movements of abdominal organs, there is little information and no reference data for dogs. The purpose of this study was to establish the reference values of abdominal organs movement in various postures using computed tomography (CT), and to compare the movements of organs between dorsal recumbency and ventral, right and left lateral recumbency during respiration. CT images for kidney, adrenal gland, medial iliac lymph node, urinary bladder, gallbladder, liver, stomach, and thoracic and lumbar vertebral body of five beagle dogs were acquired. The movements of organs were evaluated by comparing the end-expiratory and end-inspiratory images. Movements of the organs were evaluated by dividing it into right-to-left, dorsal-to-ventral, and cranial-to-caudal directions. The movements of abdominal organs according to the change in postures and respiration were establish. The movement of the bilateral organs was the least when the organs were in the downward position (p < 0.017). The movement of cranial-to-caudal direction was greater than the movement of the other directions in most of the organs. Data obtained in this study may be useful in selecting the appropriate posture that can reduce the movements of organs to be treated with RT, and the data could be useful for setting the planning target volume to consider the movements of the abdominal organs by respiration.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.428-434
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• 2013

The combinations of alfaxalone and remifentanil constant rate infusion in dogs premedicated with xylazine or acepromazine were compared. Ten beagle dogs were used and assigned randomly into 2 groups (5 dogs for each group). In group AAR, dogs were premedicated with 0.02 mg/kg of intravenous acepromazine at 15 min before induction. In group XAR, 1.1 mg/kg of intravenous xylazine was premedicated at 5 min before induction. In both groups, anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone and maintained with the combination of alfaxalone (6 mg/kg/hr, IV) and remifentanil (0.05 ${\mu}g/kg/min$, IV). bispectral index score was decreased after induction of anesthesia compared with baseline in both groups and no steep increase was observed during anesthesia. Bispectral index scores and electromyographs in group XAR were significant decreased compared with those in group AAR. Although the pulmonary depression in group XAR and tachycardia in group AAR should be considered to use these regimes, the combinations of alfaxalone and remifentanil constant rate infusion in dogs premedicated with xylazine or acepromazine provided adequate analgesia and anesthesia in this study.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate whether medetomidine (MED) and tiletamine/zolazepam (ZT) combination in dogs provide the sufficient analgesia during the period of the stage of surgical anesthesia determined by the response to the noxious stimuli, which were evaluated by the change of electroencephalogram (EEG) and hemodynamic values. Seven clinically healthy, adult beagle dogs were used. They were used repeatedly at interval of a week, according to a randomized design. This study had 2 experimental groups. In Group 1, dogs received $30\;{\mu}g/kg$ of medetomidine and 10 mg/kg of tiletamine/zolazepam. Both drugs were administered intramuscularly. In Group 2, dogs were medicated with the same method as in Group 1, except the pedal withdrawal reflex test was done. In Group 2, interdigital regions were grasped with a mosquito forceps for 30 seconds, every 5 min from 10 min to 45 min after ZT injection. During all recording stages, the power for each band, mean arterial pressure and heart rates were calculated. On EEG, no significant changes were observed between groups. Although mean arterial pressure and heart rate were increased 10 min after ZT injection, no significant differences were observed between groups. In conclusion, the MED and ZT anesthesia in dogs are seemed to provide a satisfactory analgesic effect during the period of surgical anesthesia based on EEG with pedal withdrawal reflex test.

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.161-162
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• 2005

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2005