• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.815-822
• /
• 1995

The toxicokinetics of rifapentine was studied after an oral administration to beagle dogs. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using column-switching technique was performed to determine the serum concentrations of rifapentine. The pharmacokinetic profiles of rifapentine were analysed using one-compartment open model. Following a single oral administration of 10mg/kg, pharmacokinetic parameters were determined as follows: maximum serum concentration($C_{max}$), $28.90{\mu}g/ml$; maximum concentration time($T_{max}$), 3.7hr; elimination half-life($t_{1/2}$, 4.7hr; area under the curve(AUC), $339.0{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$; volume of disiribution/bioavailability (Vd/F), 0.21 l/kg; lag time, 24min; absorption rate constant($k_a$), $0.445hr^{-1}$; elimination rate constant($k_{el}$), $0.148hr^{-1}$. After 6 month multiple oral doses of 10mg/kg/day, parameters were as follows: $C_{max}$, $34.40{\mu}g/ml$; $T_{max}$, 2.6hr; $t_{1/2}$, 6.7hr; AUC, $391.3{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$; Vd/F, 0.291/kg; $k_a$, $0.976hr^{-1}$; $k_{el}$, $0.104hr^{-1}$. The consistant kinetic parameters after a single and multiple oral administration show that there was no accumulation of rifapentine after 6 month oral administration. We also simulated the concentration of rifapentine after oral multiple administration of 10 and 50mg/kg/ day, based on the parameters obtained form the single administration. The measured serum concentrations of rifapentine were well fitted to the simulated results. The simulated results show that rifapentine readily reaches to steady-state after about 3 doses and the steady-state serum concentrations($C_{ss}$) are fluctuated in between $2.2{\sim}25.2{\mu}g/ml$, and $10.6{\sim}125.2{\mu}g/ml$ at the doses of 10 and 50mg/kg/day, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Alveolar bone develops with tooth eruption and is absorbed following tooth extraction. Various ridge preservation techniques have sought to prevent ridge atrophy, with no superior technique evident. Collagen has a long history as a biocompatible material. Its usefulness and safety have been amply verified. The related compound, atelocollagen, is also safe and displays reduced antigenicity since telopeptides are not present. Materials and Methods: The current study evaluated whether the $Rapiderm^{(R)}$ atelocollagen plug (Dalim Tissen, Seoul, Korea) improves tissue healing of extraction sockets and assessed the sequential pattern of bone regeneration using histology and microcomputed tomography in six beagle dogs. To assess the change of extraction socket, hard tissues were examined 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Result: The experimental groups showed better bone fill with slow remodeling process compared to the control groups although there was no statistical difference between groups. Conclusion: The atelocollagen seems to have a tendency to slow bone remodeling in the early phase of healing period and maintain remodeling capacity until late phase of remodeling. Also, use of atelocollagen increased the bone-to-tissue ratio compared to healing of untreated extraction socket.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.171-171
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to evaluate a repeated dose toxicity of a new tsutsugamushi vaccine, MBRI-98305R in 4-month-old beagle dogs. Animals were intramuscularly injected with dosages of 283, 56.6, 14.15 and 0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg everyday for 4 weeks, respectively. There were no dose-related statistical significant changes in clinical signs, body weight changes, food or water consumption, opthalmoscopy, hematological findings and biochemical examination of all animals treated with MBRI-98305R.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.170-170
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to evaluate a repeated intravenous dose toxicity of a new anticancer agent, SB extracted from Pulsatilla korean Nakai in Beagle dogs. Animals were intravenously injected with dosages of 0, 0.062, 0.25, and 1 mg/kg of SB everyday for 13 weeks, respectively. There were no dose-related changes in clinical signs, body weight changes, food and water consumptions, opthalmoscopy, and urine analysis. There were somewhat significant differences compared with control group in organ weight, biochemical examination, and hematology findings of animals treated with SB. However, these changes were not dose-related changes. Gross and histopathological findings revealed no evidence of specific toxicity related to SB. These indicate that intraveous maximum tolerated dose value of SB may be over 1mg/kg in rats.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.221-225
• /
• 2015

This study evaluated the effects of alfaxalone (3 mg/kg, intravenously) on echocardiographic examination in healthy dogs using echocardiography. Six adult Beagle dogs were used for this study. Left ventricular dimensions with systolic indexes, trans-blood flow at all cardiac valvular annulus and trans-mitral tissue Doppler values were measured from routine transthoracic echocardiography. Although the changes were not statistically significant, heart rate, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, peak velocities of tricuspid A-wave and transpulmonic flow were increased after alfaxalone induction, while systolic blood pressure, fractional shortening, left ventricular ejection fraction, peak velocities of mitral E-wave, mitral A wave, tricuspid E-wave, transaortic flow and medial e'-, a'- and s'-peaks decreased after alfaxalone induction. No dogs showed hypoxemia during sedation, regardless of intubation and oxygen supply. Although alfaxalone showed mild cardiovascular depression, this protocol could be a good alternative sedative protocol for echocardiographic examination in healthy dogs because the cardiovascular depression was statistically and clinically insignificant. However, further studies in dogs with heart diseases should be conducted to confirm these findings after alfaxalone induction.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 2022

Vertebral left atrial size can be used as a radiographic tool to evaluate left atrial size in dogs. Vertebral left atrial size has been studied in dogs; however, few studies have been conducted on breed-specific differences in healthy dogs. To study the median vertebral left atrial size differences by breed and to investigate the association between age, sex, body condition score, thoracic depth-to-width ratio, and vertebral left atrial size. A total of 220 dogs of the following breeds: Maltese (n = 73), Beagle (n = 30), Poodle (n = 41), Shih-tzu (n = 44), and Mongrel (n = 32) were reviewed retrospectively. Sex, body weight, age, and body condition score of each dog were collected. Thoracic radiography was conducted for dorsoventral and right/left lateral views in all dogs to measure the vertebral heart score, vertebral left atrial size, and thoracic depth-to-width ratio. No significant differences in the median vertebral left atrial size were found among the breeds. There were no effects of sex, age, body condition score, and thoracic depth-to-width ratio on vertebral left atrial size. There was a significant positive correlation between the vertebral heart score and vertebral left atrial size. Breed, age, sex, and chest conformation did not correlate with vertebral left atrial size.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.301-307
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare echocardiographic parameters of cloned beagle dogs with the previously reported reference range. Seven cloned dogs were assessed for anatomical features and cardiac function through left- and right-sided heart and right ventricle outflow tract from M-mode, 2D-mode, pulsed wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging. In all the cloned dogs, there were no abnormalities in anatomical structure and measurements were within the normal reference range. In addition, left- and right-sided myocardial function was within the normal reference range. Especially, pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure frequently encountered in cloned animals were not recognized in cloned dogs. In conclusion, no evidence of cardiovascular dysfunction in mature cloned dogs could be identified either at birth or the growing stage in this study. Therefore, serious adverse effects of somatic cell nuclear transfer technology including transgenesis on cardiac morphology and function were not found in cloned dogs.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.323-329
• /
• 1997

Ipriflavone is non-hormonal antiosteoporotic drug which inhibits bone resorption by reducing recruitment and/or differentiation of osteoclasts, and stimulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast, and also enhances calcitonin secretion in the presence of estrogen. Although some kinds of immediately-released preparation of ipriflavone are available in commercial market, in present study, we tried to formulate sustained-release tablet using coating method with hydrophobic and hydrophilic coating materials. In vitro dissolution test was applied to evaluate sustained-release patterns of several test preparations (Test tablet A, B and C) designed using different preparation method or different compositions. From the results of dissolution test, test tablet A which showed suitable dissolution profile was selected as the candidate of new product. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of test drug, ipriflavone sustained-release tablets, was conducted in 6 beagle dogs weighing $11.5{\pm}0.5\;Kg$ compared with $Theobon^{\circledR}$ tablet, immediately-released tablet (Kukjae Pharm. Co.) as reference drug. Two products were randomly administered to 6 beagle dogs, and after 1 week, cross-over study was conducted. From the present study, AUC and $T_{max}$ of test product were significantly different from those of reference product (p<0.05), respectively$(AUC\;:\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;vs\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;ng{\cdot}hr/ml,\;T_{max}\;:\;4.33{\pm}1.03\;vs\;1.42{\pm}0.38\;hr)$. But $C_{max}$ was not significantly different between two products (p>0.05) $(\;512.52{\pm}48.18\;vs\;443.97{\pm}140.53\;ng/ml)$. From the results of pharmacokinetic evaluations, it was noted that absorption amount of test product was increased, but absorption rate was delayed and $C_{max}$ of two products were not changed. And it was concluded that redesign of the sustained-release preparation which has a lower content of iprifavone rather than test tablet A must be considered.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.263-271
• /
• 2005

To compare the sedative effects using intermittent intravenous bolus injection with tiletamine-zolazepam (n = 5, TZ group), xylazine-ketamine (n = 5, XK group) and propofol (n = 5, PI group), we investigated the changes of hemodynamic (heart rate, arterial pressure), $SpO_2$, rectal temperature, respiratory rate and pain score during 60 minute sedation and 40 minute recovery period in beagle dogs. The value of rectal temperature was significantly higher in PI groups (p<0.05) during recovery period. The value of heart rate was significantly lower in XK group (p<0.05) during sedation. The changes of respiratory rate were similar tendency in all groups. The change of $SpO_2$ was stable during sedation and value was significantly higher in PI group (p<0.05) during recovery period. The value of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was significantly lower in XK group (p<0.05) than PI group during sedation and recovery period. Low analgesic effect occurred in PI group. We concluded that intravenous anesthesia by intermittent bolus injection with propofol is useful in stabilizing rectal temperature, $SpO_2$ and hemodynamic during sedation and provide fast recovery, but have low analgesic effect.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.571-577
• /
• 2008

Introduction: Possible etiologic factors associated with bone loss around implants after implantation are surgical trauma, occlusal overload, periimplantitis, presence of micro gap and the formation of biologic distances. Tarnow et al. observed that the crestal bone loss was greater when the distance between the implants was <3mm than when the implants were ${\geq}\;3mm$ apart. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different interimplant distance on marginal bone and crestal bone resorption in the beagle dogs. Materials and methods: The mandibular premolars of 5 dogs were extracted bilaterally. After 12 weeks of healing, each dog received 7 implants. On each side, implants were separated by 2mm (Group 1) and by 5mm (Group 2). After 16 weeks of healing, the dogs were sacrificed. Marginal bone loss was determined through linear measurements made between the implant-abutment junctions and the most coronal portions of the bone in contact with the implant surface. A line was drawn uniting the implant-abutment junctions of the adjacent implants, and a linear measurement was made at the midpoint in the direction of the most coronal peak of the interimplant bone crest to determine the crestal bone loss. Both of them was measured radiologically and histologically. Result and conclusion: In radiological analysis, the mean of marginal bone loss was $1.26{\pm}0.14mm$ for group 1 and $1.23{\pm}0.34mm$ for group 2, the mean of crestal bone loss was $1.10{\pm}0.14mm$ for group 1 and $1.02{\pm}0.30mm$ for group 2. The results were not statistically significant between 2 groups. In histological analysis, the mean of marginal bone loss was $1.63{\pm}0.48mm$ for group 1 and $1.62{\pm}0.50mm$ for group 2, the mean of crestal bone loss was $1.23{\pm}0.35mm$ for group 1 and $1.15{\pm}0.39mm$ for group 2. The differences were also not statistically significant. The clinical significance of this result is that the increase in the crestal bone loss results in the increase in the distance between the base of the interproximal contact of the crowns and the bone crest, and this determines if papilla will be present or absent between implants. Considering this fact, keeping up sufficient interimplant distance is important to minimize crestal bone loss.