• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.767-783
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• 1997

Guided tissue regeneration, bone graft procedures, and application of growth factors have been used to regenerate lost periodontal tissues. Recently, enamel matrix derivative has been introduced into periodontal regeneration procedures in expectation of promoting new bone and cementum formation. The purpose' of this study was to evaluate the effect of enamel matrix derivative in 1-wall intrabony defects in beagle dogs. For this purpose, each dog was anesthesized using intravenous anesthesia and mandibular 1st, 3rd premolars were extracted. 2 months later, the 1-wall intrabony defects(mesio-distal width: 4mm, depth: 4mm) were created on the distal side of 2nd premolars and mesial side of 4th premolars. The control group was treated with debridement alone, and experimental group was treated with debridement and enamel matrix derivative application. The healing processes were histologically and histometrically observed after 8 weeks and the results were as follows : 1. The length of junctional epithelium was $0.94{\pm}0.80mm$ in the control group, $0.57{\pm}0.42mm$ in the experimental group, with no statistically significant difference between groups. 2. The connective tissue attachment was $1.36{\pm}0.98mm$ in the control group. $0.38{\pm}0.43mm$ in the experimental group, with statistically significant difference between groups(P<0.05). 3. The new cementum formation was $2.49{\pm}1.06mm$ in the control group, $3.59{\pm}0.74mm$ in the experimental group. with statistically significant difference between groups(P<0.05). 4. The new bone formation was $1.92{\pm}0.97mm$ in the control group, $2.32{\pm}0.59mm$ in the experimental group. with no statistically significant difference between groups. Within the limitation to this study protocol, enamel matrix derivative application in 1-wall intrabony defect enhanced new cementum formation. Although there was no statistically significant difference, enamel matrix derivative also seems to be effective in inhibition of apical migration of junctional epithelium and new bone formation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.651-659
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• 2001

후박추출물은 치주병인균에는 항균효과가 있고, 치은섬유아세포에는 세포독성이 적은 것으로 알려져 있으며 홍아씨 추출물은 골아세포를 활성화시키는 효과가 있어 골조직재생에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 실험의 목적은 비글견에 인위적으로 치주염을 유도하고 후박추출물과 홍화씨추출물의 혼합물을 투여함으로써, 이 두 가지 혼합물이 치주염 진행에 예방효과가 잇는지, 또, 치료효과가 있는지 알아보는 것이다. 후박과 홍화씨를 구입하여 에탄올에서 추출하여 정제하고 진공상태에서 건조시켜 농축하였다. 후박추출물과 홍화씨 추출물을 1:5의 질량비로 혼합하고 250㎎씩 캡슐에 넣었다. 비글견의 상하악 소구치와 하악 제1대구치를 8주 동안 철사와 견사로 결찰하여 치주염을 유발하였다. 8주 후에, 실험군 비글견에게는 미리 후박추출물과 홍화씨추출물 혼합물을 매 12시간마다 하루에 1,500㎎ 씩 12주 동안 투약하였다. 대조군 비글견에는 투약을 하지 않았다. 투약을 시작한 후에 치은지수, 부착수준을 매 4주마다 측정하였다. 매 4주마다 치주낭에서 페이퍼포인트를 이용하여 혐기성세균과 호기성세균을 채취, 배양하여 각각의 집락 수를 세었다. 그 결과 실험군의 치은지수는 8주, 12주에서 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았고(p<0.05)), 임상적으로도 상당한 치은염의 개선을 보였다. 실험군의 혐기성세균 집락수는 감소하여 4, 8, 및 12주에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았고(p<0.001), 호기성 세균 집락수는 4, 8, 및 12주에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다.(p<0.05)이 실험 결과, 후박 추출물과 홍화씨 추출물 혼합물이 치주질환의 예방 및 치료에 이용되어질 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.223-236
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• 2007

This study was attempted to evaluate home-manufactured implants by placing $Stage-1^{(R)}$ Implant (Lifecore, Co., USA) whose surface is treated with REM that has already been varified clinically,$Chaorum^{(R)}$ Implant(Chaorum Co., Korea) whose surface treatment is same as that of Stage-1 Implant and $Atlas^{(R)}$ Implant(Cewellmedi Co., Korea) whose surface is treated with anodic oxidation immediately after the teeth of experimental animals were extracted to compare histological findings among them. Stage-l Implant(diameter: 3.5mm, length: IOmm), Chaorum Implant(diameter: 3.3mm, length: 8.5mm) and Cowell medi Implant(diameter: 4.0mm, length: 8.0mm) were placed into the mandible premolars of 2 adult beagle dogs immediately after their teeth were extracted, and then histological findings were analyzed at 6 weeks. After those implants were inserted directly after their teeth were extracted, the results of periotest were recorded, radiography was done, the subjects went through thorough control for 6 weeks, and then comparison among periotest, radiography and histological finding was made. After comparison of those findings, the values of periotest were satisfactory and bone healing was relatively satisfactory on radiography at 6 weeks. For osseointegration with the bone tissue, Stage-1 was 45.3%, Chaorum 55.3%, and Cowellmedi 52.5%, which was a satisfactory result. Although implant surgery immediately after teeth were extracted involves difficulties among recent implant surgeries, it is being frequently used in that it may reduce surgery hours, the frequency of surgery, and bone loss for patients. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the technological levels of home-manufactured implants that have been remarkably developed in recent years and in conclusion, those implants showed nearly similar result.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of membrane exposure on new bone formation when guided bone regeneration with perforated titanium membrane on atrophic alveolar ridge. The present study attempted to establish a GBR model for four adult beagle dog premolar. Intra-marrow penetration defects were created on the alveolar ridge(twelve weeks after extraction) on the mandibular premolar teeth in the beagle dogs. Space providing perforated titanium membrane with various graft material were implanted to provide for GBR. The graft material were demineralized bovine bone(DBB), Irradiated cancellous bone(ICB) and demineralized human bone powder(DFDB). The gingival flap were advanced to cover the membranes and sutured. Seven sites experienced wound failure within 2-3weeks postsurgery resulting in membrane exposure. The animals were euthanized at 4 weeks postsurgery for histologic and histometric analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was little new bone formation at 4 weeks postsurgery. irrespectively of membrane exposure. 2. There was significant relationship between membrane exposure and bone graft resorption(P<0.05), but no relation between membrane exposure and infiltrated connective tissue. 3. There was much bone graft resorption on DFDB than ICB and DBB. 4. The less exposure was on the perforated titanium membrane, the more dense infiltrated connective tissue was filled under the membrane when grafted with ICB and DBB. but there was no relationship between the rate of membrane exposure and the percentage of infiltrated connective tissue area and no relationship between the percentage of the area in the infiltrated connective tissue and in the residual bone graft. Within the above results, bone formation may be inhibited when membrane was exposed and ICB and DBB were more effective than DFDB as a bone graft material when guided bone regeneration.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.627-630
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• 2007

잡종의 사냥개가 멧돼지 사냥 중에 대퇴와 서혜부의 열상을 입고, 음경이 절단되었다. 음경은 요도, 해면체, 그리고 좌우측의 음경등쪽정맥을 문합함으로써 재접합되었다. 절단된 음경은 해부학적 그리고 기능적으로 회복되었다. 술 후의 음경 원위부의 부종이나 괴사는 발견되지 않았으며, 술 후 20일째 요도조영술에서 누관이나 협착 또한 발견되지 않았다. 본 수술과 별도로, 3마리의 비글견에서 음경등쪽정맥의 문합의 중요성을 확인하고자 실험적 해면체조영술을 실시하였다. 해면체조영에서 음경망울에 주입된 조영제는 좌우측의 음경등쪽정맥을 통해 배출되었고, 좌골궁 부위에서 하나의 혈관으로 수렴된 후 다시 좌우측 속음부정맥으로 분기되었다. 따라서 개의 절단된 음경의 증례에서 좌우측의 음경등쪽정맥의 재문합은 술 후 좋은 예후를 위해 중요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.418-423
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• 2001

각막상피의 창상치유에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려진 Nerve Growth Factor(NGF)의 내인성 변화와 국소적 투여효과를 알아보았다. 6마리의 Beagle 을 사용하여 비교군인 오른쪽 눈에만 6mm의 기계적인 각막 창상을 만들었고 왼쪽 눈은 대조군으로 사용하였다. 눈물은 수술후 1주일동안 매일, 각막 상피는 수술중 그리고 수술후 7일에 각각 채취하여 NGF 농도를 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 2차 실험으로, 16마리의 Bealgle을 사용하여 오른쪽 눈에 위와 동일한 창상을 만든 후, 창상 부위가 회복될 때까지 recombinant human (rh) NGF (n=4), murine NGF (n=6) 그리고 anti-NGF blocking antibody (n=6)를 6시간마다 점안하였으며, 왼쪽 눈은 bovine serum albumin (BSA)를 점안하여 대조군으로 사용하였다. 창상 면적은 NIH image software를 이용하여 분석하였다. 대조군에 비하여, 비교군의 눈물내 NGF는 치유초기에 현저하게 증가하였으며, 각막 상피의 NGF도 유의적인 증가를 보였다. 그러나 rh NGF, murine NGF, anti-NGF blocking antibody처치군과 BSA처치군 간에는 각막창상 치유에 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 각막창상후, rh NGF 혹은 murine NGF의 추가적인 국소점안은 정상개의 각막상피 치유에 효과가 없었으나, 창상후 초기 치유기동안 눈물과 손상받은 각막상피에서 내인성 NGF의 급격한 보상성 증가로 미루어 NGF는 각막 상피의 창상치유에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 개에서 실험적으로 복수를 유발한 후, 컴퓨터 촬영술과 필름 촬영술을 실시하여 복수의 정량적인 비교를 한 것이다. 건강한 4 마리의 비글견과 1 마리의 말티즈 견을 사용하였으며, 각 개체마다 무균적으로 복강 내로 멸균 생리 식염수를 6 ml, 8 ml, 12 ml, 15 ml, 그리고 18 ml 을 주입하였으며, 우외측상과 복배상으로 컴퓨터 촬영과 필름 촬영을 실시하였다. 총 5명의 평가자에게 복수량에 따른 컴퓨터 촬영 사진과 필름 촬영 사진을 보였주었으며, 각 사진마다 복수량에 따라 5 가지의 점수를 순차적으로 평가하도록 하였다 (0 =복수 없음, 5 =중등도의 복수가 있음). 5명의 평가자가 평가한 데이터를 이용하여 ROC 분석 방법을 이용하여, 두 진단 모델간의 민감도와 특이도를 평가하였다. 이 연구를 통해, 복수의 양을 평가하는데 있어 두 진단 모델간의 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 그러나 RCO 분석 방법을 통해, 컴퓨터 촬영술이 필름 촬영술에 비해 민감도가 상대적으로 높았으며, 각 평가자 간에도 복수의 양을 평가하는데 있어, 상대적으로 컴퓨터 촬영술이 우위인 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2016

Bronchoarterial (BA) ratio is a commonly used criterion to define airway dilatation despite the lack of normative human and animals. The objective of our study was to compare the range of normal bronchial to accompanying arterial diameter ratio with previous reports on CT scan of the thorax in dogs and assess influence anesthetics on BA ratio in dogs. Dogs undergoing multidetector CT scan of the chest for nonpulmonary conditions at a single center were prospectively identified. High-resolution reconstruction was performed on those included and both airway lumen and vessel diameters were measured in the lobar bronchi of the left cranial (cranial and caudal parts), right cranial, right middle, left caudal, and right caudal lung lobes. Eight dog were included; Mean of the mean BA ratios was $1.43{\pm}0.24$ (95% CI = 1.36 - 1.50) in inhalation anesthetic group. In propofol group, the mean of the mean BA ratios was $1.13{\pm}0.29$ (95% CI = 1.04 - 1.22). In medetomidine group, the mean of the mean BA ratios was $0.89{\pm}0.19$ (95% CI = 0.83 - 0.95). Comparing individual lobes within anesthetic category, there was no signicant difference in mean BA ratio between lung lobes or between dog according to inhalation, propofol, and medetomidine group (P = 0.630, P = 0.878, and P = 0.508, respectively). The BA ratio in these clinically normal dogs was consistent and may be a useful tool in evaluating for bronchiectasis on CT images. However, some different criteria for bronchiectasis were applied by the anesthetic methods.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2004

This study was aimed for ultrasonographic assessment of the tympanic membrane and the tympanic bulla in five healthy Beagle dogs. To improve an ultrasonographic image, the ear canal was filled with warm saline, and an 11 MHz linear probe and a 6.5 MHz convex probe were used. The structures of ear component such as ear canal, ear cartilage and tympanic membrane were easily identified. Especially, tympanic membrane was presented as a reflaction surface which was resulted from the different acoustic impedence between the fluid-filled anechoic ear canal and the gas-filled hyperechoic tympanic cavity in normal dogs. In five left-side ears, the saline was infused into the external ear canal after the tympanic membrane had been ruptured experimentally. Both anechoic fluid-filled ear canal and tympanic cavity were clearly identified. In five right-side ears, the surgically fluid-filled tympanic cavity was imaged as a hypoechoic oval shaped structure. When tympanic cavity and ear canal have been contained with fluid, it was difficult to identify whether the tympanic membrane was ruptured or not. For assessment of the ear structure with ultrasonography, the 11 MHz linear probe was considered as an optimal equipment for a serial assessment of ear canal, tympanic membrane and tympanic bulla whereas the 6.5 MHz convex probe was suitable to assess the tympanic cavity. The results suggest that ultrasonography with saline infusion into the ear canal can be used to find the intactness of the tympanic membrane and to assess the fluid- filld tympanic bulla.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.686-692
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• 2010

컴퓨터 단층촬영술(computed tomography; CT)은 인의에서 췌장염의 진단 기준으로 이용되고 있으며, Balthazar CT severity index (CTSI)는 CT 영상을 바탕으로 췌장 괴사 부위를 측정하여 췌장염의 심각도를 평가하는 지수이다. 본 연구에서는, 25마리의 비글견을 정상 그룹과 대조군, 자가 담즙 주입을 통해 급성 괴사성 췌장염을 유발한 실험군으로 나누어 Balthazar CTSI 측정 결과와 조직 검사 결과를 비교하였다. 정상 개의 췌장의 Hounsfield unit (HU)은 $52.44{\pm}4.58$ 이었고, 급성 괴사성 췌장염에서는 유의적으로 감소하였다(P < .05). 조영 증강 CT 영상에서 확인한 췌장 실질의 괴사 부위를 찾아 Balthazar CTSI를 계산한 결과 조직 검사 결과와 밀접한 상관 관계를 보였으며, 민감도 100%, 특이도 88.89%로 확인되었다. Balthazar CTSI는 급성 췌장염이 발생한 개에서 심각도 평가에 유용한 방법으로 판단된다.