• 한국조리학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2018

The objectives of the present study were to examine the antioxidant activity of autofocusing fractions from egg white protein hydrolysates and obtain higher antioxidant peptide fraction, which could be applied to the food model system. Alkaline protease hydrolysate of egg white protein exerted higher antioxidant activities than other protein hydrolysates and were fractionated on the basis of the amphoteric nature of sample peptides by preparative isoelectric focusing without toxic solvents and reagents, which is termed autofocusing. Neutral and basic fractions showed higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than the acidic fractions. The acidic and neutral fractions showed higher hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values than the basic fractions. The acidic fractions showed higher metal chelating activity than basic fractions. Antioxidant activities of some autofocusing fractions except for ORAC showed higher compared to the crude hydrolysate. These results suggest that peptides fractions from egg white protein are effective antioxidant, and that autofocusing could be useful to increase antioxidant activity for application to food system.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.305-311
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• 1999

The volatile compounds of soybean pastes(home made soondoenjang, commercial doenjang) were classified into basic, acidic and neutral fractions by dynamic headspace method. The fractionated flavor isolates were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Each peak area of the flavor components was quantified at its ratio to the peak area of internal standard. Sixty one compounds from home made soondoenjang, and forty three compounds from commercial doenjang were identified. The different distribution of volatile compounds between the two soybean paste samples was observed. Ten pyrazines and benzothiazole were identified in the basic fraction of home made soondoenjang. On the other hand, trimethylpyrazine was the only one of nitrogen containing compounds in the commercial doenjang, which was made from soybean(28.3%), wheat(22.2%) and alcohols. The factors which influenced the levels of these identified compounds were considered to be the starting materials of soybean paste. Alcohols, esters and aldehydes in the neutral fraction of both samples were seemed to be characterisitic soybean paste flavor and showed much higher quantities than those of the basic or acidic fractions. Furfural in the commercial doenjang was the highest content (45.28ppm) among all of the compounds identified in the samples.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.370-375
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• 1993

벼잎의 산성 buffer(pH 2.8) 추출 조효소는 5개의 전기영동 band들이 PR protein으로 알려진 chitinase와 ${\beta}-1,3-glucanase$의 효소활성을 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조효소는 DEAE-cellulose 및 chitin affinity chromatography로 염기성 및 산성 효소군으로 분획되었으며, 이들은 두 효소활성이외에도 lysozyme 활성을 보유하고 있었다. 분자량이 $14.3{\sim}66.0\;kd$ 범위인 이 두 효소군이 보유한 각 효소활성의 최적 pH와 온도를 조사해본 결과,${\beta}-1,3-glucanase$는 각각 pH 5와 $60^{\circ}C$로 동일하였으나, chitinase는 염기성 효소군에서 pH 4와 $50^{\circ}C$, 산성 효소군에서는 pH 3와 $60^{\circ}C$으로 다르게 나타나서, 전기영동 양상과 더불어 서로 상이한 효소분획인 것으로 추정되었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1982

Uremia is associated with defective protein binding of weakly acidic drugs, whereas the protein binding of basic drugs tends to be normal. The exact chemical nature of compound(s) and mechanism for these changes as yet is unknown, and has not been defined. Organic solvent extraction of pooled normal human urine following hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid produced an extract, which when added to normal human serum, was capable of inducing binding defects similar to those in uremia. Binding defects were observed with the weakly acidic drugs such as nafcillin, salicylate, sulfamethoxazole and phenytoin while the binding of the basic drugs such as trimethoprim and quinidine were unaffected. The binding defects induced by the hydrolyzed urine extract could readily be corrected by same organic solvent extraction of acidified serum and the defects could be transferred to the normal human serum using the organic solvent layer at the physiologic pH (7.4). Followed by reacidification ind extraction of the binding defects induced serum with the same solvent, separated several fractions were obtained on thin-layer chromatography. One of these fractions could reinduce the binding defects and this factor(s) is apparently weakly acidic compounds and tightly bound to serum at physiologic pH, but extractable at acidic pH, and its molecular weight range is approximately 500 or less similar to those seen in uremia. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that the drug binding defect in uremia is due to the accumulation of endogenous metabolic products which arc normally excreted by the kidneys but accumulate in renal failure.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 1992

해바라기의 상대억제작용(相對抑制作用)(타감작용(他感作用), Allelopathy) 및 천연제초제(天然除草劑)로서의 개발가능성(開發可能性)에 관한 시험(試驗)을 1988-1991년(年)에 걸쳐 국제미작연구소(國際米作硏究所) 농학(農學), 생화학부(生化學部) 및 국립(國立)필리핀 대학교(大學校) 화학과(化學科) 천연물(天然物) 연구실(硏究室)에서 수행(遂行)하여 얻은 결과중(結果中) 상대억제작용성(相對抑制作用性) 해바라기 근분비물질(根分泌物質)의 생물검정(生物檢定) 및 상대억제작용물질(相對抑制作用物質)(Allelochemicals)의 HPLC 분석결과(分析結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 해바라기 근분비물질(根分泌物質)의 산(酸) 및 중성분획물질(中性分劃物質)을 생물검정재료(生物檢定材料)로 사용한 피 (Echinochloa colona (L.) Link 및 무 (Raphanus sativus L.)의 발아(發芽)가 유의성(有意性)있는 억제(抑制)를 보인 반면 알칼리 및 수용성분획(水溶性分劃)에서는 억제작용(抑制作用)이 나타나지 않았다. 2. 피의 경우 해 바라기 근분비물질(根分泌物質)의 분획물질(分劃物質) $10{\mu}l$ 농도(濃度)에서부터 유의적(有意的)인 생장억제(生長抑制)가 인정(認定)되었으며 지상부(地上部) 신장억제(伸張抑制)보다 지하부(地下部) 신장억제(伸張抑制)가 산(酸) 및 중성분획(中性分劃)에서 더 강하게 나타났다. 3 무의 경우 농도(濃度)에 관계없이 지상(地上) 및 지하부(地下部) 신장억제(伸張抑制)가 산(酸) 및 중성분획(中性分劃)에서 각각 높게 나타났다. 4. 생물검정(生物檢定)에서 강한 상대억제작용(相對抑制作用)을 보인 산성분획물질(酸性分劃物質)의 HPLC분석결과(分析結果) hydroquinone, ${\beta}$-resorcyclic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, quercetin 등의 물질(物質)이 확인(確認)되었다. 한편, 중성분획물질(中性分劃物質)에서는 Hydroquinone, gentisic acid, ${\beta}$-resorcyclic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin 등이 각각 동정(同定)되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.761-769
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• 1995

About 2.1g of pale yellow flavor concentrate was obtained from 10kg of chopped fresh ascidians through a Likens-Nickerson steam distilllation/solvent extraction. These concentrates could be fractionated to neutral $(91.5\%),\;basic\;(1.0\%),\;phenolic\;(3.2\%),\;and\;acidic\;(4.3\%)$ fractions. Total 65 volatile compounds were identified from those concentrates. The neutral fraction was representative flavor fraction which showed a similar flavor of total steam distillates of ascidian. The major compounds $(38.2\%\;of\;neutral\;fraction)$ were identified as carbon atoms 8 to 10 of alcohols. Among these volatile alcohols, 1-octanol, 2,7-decadien-1-o1, 3-octen-l-01, 7-decen-l-ol, and l-decanol were the dominent compounds found in neutral fraction. But the basic, phenolic, and acidic fractions differs from ascidian steam distillates flavor.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.289-292
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• 1995

무화과잎으로부터 천연 항미생물 물질의 개발을 검토할 목적으로 무화과잎을 메탄올로 추출하고 ethyl acetate와 buffer용액을 이용하여 용매분획하였고 각 분획에 대한 항미생물 활성을 측정하였으며 활성이 강한 분획에 대한 최소저해농도(MIC)와 최소치사농도(MLC)를 측정하였다. 무화과 잎중의 항미생물 활성은 산성 분획과 페놀성 분획에서 강하게 나타났으며 미생물의 종류에 관계없이 활성범위가 넓었다. 페놀성 분획이 산성 분획에 비하여 MIC와 MLC값이 상대적으로 낮았고 MIC값의 경우 두 분획이 공통적으로 세균보다는 진균류에 대하여 낮았으며 특히 저온세균인 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 대한 MIC와 MLC값이 대단히 낮음을 알 수 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.310-315
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• 2001

The uneven distribution of acidic and basic chitinases in different parts of rice seed, and also the characterization of hull-specific chitinases, are reported here. After extraction of chitinases from polished rice, bran, and rice hulls, the chitinases were separated into acidic and basic fractions, according to their behavior on an anion exchanger column. Both fractions from different parts of rice seed showed characteristic activity bands on SDS-PAGE that contained 0.01% glycol chitin. The basic chitinases from rice hulls were further purified using chitin affinity chromatography. The chitinase, specific to rice hulls (RHBC), was 88-fold purified with a 1.3% yield. RHBC has an apparent molecular weight of 22.2 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature were 4.0 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. With [$^3H$]chitin as a substrate, RHBC has $V_{max}$ of 13.51 mg/mg protein/hr and $K_m$ of 1.36 mg/ml. This enzyme was an endochitinase devoid of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, lysozyme, and chitosanase activities.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 1989

The extractable organic matter was extraced from airborne particulates collected in Seoul during 1986. It was fractionated to several fracrtions and mutagenicities of them were tested in Salmonella thyphimurium TA98 by Ames method. The neutral fraction showed the highest indirect acting mutagenicity while the highest direct acting mutagenicity was observed in the acidic fraction. Indirect acting mutagenicity of airborne particulate was attributed to its neutral fraction about 88% in average, to acidic about 10% in average and to basic fraction about 2% in average. Direct acting mutagenicity of airborne particulate was attributed to its neutral fraction about 70%, to acidic fraction about 29% and to basic fraction about 1%. Among five subfractions of neutral fraction, the proportion of mutagenicity of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon subfraction was 13.2% in indirect acting mutagenicity and 5.0% in direct acting mutagenicity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.293-296
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• 1995

무화과잎의 메탄올추출물을 용매분획하여 얻은 분획중 산성 분획과 페놀성 분획이 항미생물 활성이 강한 것으로 나타났고 페놀성 분획이 산성 분획보다 항미생물 활성이 더 강하여 페놀성 분획중의 항미생물 활성물질을 동정하기 위하여 먼저 silica gel column chromatography, RP-8 column chromatography 및 preparative liquid chromatography를 행하여 정제하였고 정제된 항미생물 활성물질을 IR, $^{1}H-NMR$ 및 MS에 의한 기기분석을 통하여 동정한 결과 각각 psoralen, bergapten, umbelliferone 및 ${\beta}$-sitosterol로 구명되었다.